Leukocytes and phagocytosis in men of extreme professions in the subarctic region

Men over the age of 45 are a socially significant group, most of whom have reached professional maturity and make a significant contribution to the country’s economy and their families. In the Arkhangelsk Region, the health status of 40–45-year-old men (57 %) is characterized by cardiovascular pathology, 14.7 % – by gastrointestinal pathology, 47.4 % – by bronchopulmonary pathology, and 17.0 % – by musculoskeletal disorders. Male specialists from the Hydrographic Service in Arkhangelsk carry out planned and special hydrographic works during the navigation period on a rotational basis, making short-term frequent trips of 16 days in the Northern Seas.

The aim. To analyze the features of leukocyte content and phagocytosis in hydrographers of the Arkhangelsk region of the Hydrographic Service of the Russian Federation, taking into account their age and work experience in the northern seas.

Materials and methods. Thirty-six men working in the hydrographic service of the Federation Council of the Russian Federation were examined with short 16-day shifts: 15 men aged 30–40 with 10 years of work experience and 21 men aged 50–65 with 20 years of work experience. The leukocytes count and phagocytosis in peripheral venous blood were determined, taking into account age and work experience. For statistical processing, Microsoft Excel 2010 and SPSS 20.0 for Windows were used as software packages.

Results. It has been established that hydrographers of the younger age group with 10 years of work experience have a 1.5–2 times higher incidence of leukocyte, lymphocyte, and monocyte deficiency, which is associated with low phagocytosis activity. In the older age group of individuals with 20 years of work experience, leukocytosis, lymphocytosis, and monocytosis are recorded 1.5 times more frequently against the background of increased phagocytosis activity.

Conclusion. The phagocytic activity of neutrophils is higher in the older age group with 20 years of experience in extreme conditions.

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