Этнофармакологические характеристики Piper betle из индонезийско-азиатского региона и перспективы его использования в биомедицинских целях

Обоснование. Piper betle семейства перечных Piperaceae, (P. betle) — лиана, произрастающая в тропиках Индонезийско-Азиатского региона, издавна активно используется в народной медицине в качестве источника средств для решения самых различных проблем со здоровьем. Вместе с тем, способы и цели использования P. betle в народной медицине различаются от региона к региону, а эффективность его воздействия на человека остается недооцененной в полной мере.

Цель исследования. Систематизировать и проанализировать современные литературные данные о фармакологическом потенциале лекарственного растения Piper betle, произрастающего в странах Индонезийско-Азиатского региона: Мадагаскар, Индия, Бали и Китай.

Материалы и методы. Поиск и анализ данных проводился в международных и региональных базах данных (PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, ScienceDirect, Google Scholar) за период с 1996 по 2025 гг.

Результаты. В ходе анализа научных литературных данных было показано, что целевой фрагмент метаболома (ЦМФ) Peper betle характеризуется сложным составом биологически активных веществ (БАВ), который существенно варьирует от региона к региону. БАВ ЦФМ этого растения отвечают за различные виды фармакологической активности, что оправдывает его применение в традиционной медицине и вызывает растущий интерес со стороны медицинского научного сообщества. Установлено, что в пределах ареала произрастания P. betle отличается вариабельностью химического состава ЦФМ по содержанию алкалоидов, терпенов, фенольных соединений, в том числе флавоноидов и летучих компонентов.

Заключение. P. betle представляет собой перспективный объект для дальнейших исследований в области фитофармакологии и репродуктивной медицины. Очевидно, для подтверждения выявленных эффектов на основе литературных источников необходимы углубленные доклинические и клинические исследования. Вместе с тем, собранные литературные данные могут способствовать проведению будущих исследований в области фармакологии с целью создания новых перспективных лекарственных средств.

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