Влияние групп крови на предрасположенность к некоторым заболеваниям: молекулярные механизмы и клинические импликации (краткий обзор)

Проблема ранней диагностики и выявления предикторов заболеваний различной этиологии является актуальной. Группа крови может выступать в качестве такого предиктора. Поиск взаимосвязи между группой крови и предрасположенностью к определённым заболеваниям позволит выявлять группы риска по конкретному заболеванию и разрабатывать профилактические меры. Обсуждается взаимосвязь между инфекционными и неинфекционными заболеваниями и группой крови AB0 и другими системами, такими как резус-фактор, система Льюиса. Несмотря на значительный прогресс в изучении механизмов реализации этой взаимосвязи, вопрос остаётся открытым. В обзоре рассматривается современное состояние проблемы и предполагаемые механизмы связи различных групп крови с предрасположенностью к определённым заболеваниям. Наиболее изучена связь между группой крови и онкологическими заболеваниями. Обсуждается связь группы крови не только с определёнными заболеваниями, но и с типологическими чертами личности, темпераментом и реакцией на стрессовые факторы, которые могут предрасполагать к развитию соматических и психических заболеваний. Исследование влияния групп крови на предрасположенность к развитию стоматологических заболеваний посвящены, в основном, связи группы крови AB0 со здоровьем пародонта. Существуют исследования, изучающие распространённость кариеса у людей с разными группами крови. Мы проанализировали более 100 статей, индексированных в RSCI, PubMed и Scopus, в основном за последние 10 лет. Для статьи было использовано 48 источников, из которых 16 опубликованы за последние 5 лет. Работы, опубликованные ранее 2005 года, из анализа исключались.

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