The influence of blood groups on predisposition to certain diseases: molecular mechanisms and clinical implications (Brief-Review)

The problem of early diagnosis and detection of diseases predictors of various etiologies is relevant. Blood type can act as such a predictor. The research for the relationship between blood type and predisposition to certain diseases will make it possible to identify risk groups for a particular disease and develop preventive measures. One such predictor could become blood type. The relationship between infectious (Cholera, the plague, tuberculosis, smallpox etc.) and non-communicable (oncological, neurodegenerative, cardiovascular, dental diseases etc.) AB0 blood type and other systems such as Rhesus, Lewis is being discussed. Although considerable advancements have been achieved in investigating the mechanisms that facilitate this connection, the inquiry remains unresolved. This review examines the current state of the problem and the alleged mechanisms of the association of various blood groups with a predisposition to certain diseases. The relationship between blood type and oncological diseases has been most studied. The relationship of blood type is discussed not only with certain diseases, but also with typological personality traits, temperament, and response to stressful factors that can predispose to the development of somatic and mental illnesses. Studying the influence of blood groups on predisposition to the development of dental diseases is largely devoted to the relationship of blood type AB0 with periodontal health. There are studies examining the prevalence of caries in people with different blood types. We analyzed more than 100 articles indexed in RSCI, PubMed, and Scopus, mainly over the past 10 years. Forty eight sources were used for the article, of which 16 were published in the last 5 years. Works published earlier than 2005 were excluded from the analysis.

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