Periodontitis in young people: endogenous intoxication as a marker of initial manifestations

Background. Periodontal inflammation is a pressing health problem due high prevalence in young people and progressive course. Biologically active substances - medium molecular peptides (MMP) are damaging factors and endogenous toxins.

The aim. To analyze the endogenous intoxication level (the content of MMP in the peripheral blood) in young men with mild chronic periodontitis, and to establish the relationship between these indicators and the clinical manifestations of the disease.

Methods. A total of 80 young men (18-23 years old) were examined. Using the diagnostic criteria for chronic periodontitis, groups of men with mild disease (n = 60) and practically healthy men (control group) (n = 20) were formed. The MMP level in blood plasma was determined, spectrophotometrically, at wavelengths λ = 238,254,260 and 280 nm, and the distribution coefficients were calculated (238/260, 238/280, 280/254).

Results. The men with periodontitis have increased values of endogenous intoxication indicators - MMP 260 (p = 0.048) and MMP 280 (p = 0.005), as well as the peptide-nucleotide coefficient (MMP 238/MMP 260) (p = 0.039) relative to the control (r = 0.39; p = 0.035). Correlation analysis showed the presence a statistically significant relationship between the periodontal index (PI) and the level of the MMP 238/MMP 260 coefficient (r = 0.39; p = 0.035).

Conclusion. The data indicate an increase in individual fractions of medium-molecular toxins in young men with chronic periodontitis at the initial stage of the disease. The most sensitive indicator of periodontal tissue damage was the peptide-nucleotide distribution coefficient (MMP 238/MMP 260), which was confirmed by a significant correlation with the periodontal index. The obtained results indicate the need to evaluate and control of these parameters content in young men with periodontitis to facilitate differential diagnosis and justify the feasibility of corrective measures in the early stages of the disease.

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