Response sensitivity to bacteriophages of Staphylococcus aureus strains isolated from the microbiota of the oropharynx in children of Irkutsk

Dysbiotic disorders of the oropharynx takes one of the first places in the structure of morbidity worldwide. The aim of the study was to determine the peculiarities of microbiocenosis of the oropharynx in children at different ages and to assess the level of sensitivity of S. aureus strains to specific bacteriophages. Material for the study consisted of 84 smears from the oropharynx of children with inflammatory diseases of the upper respiratory tract (nasopharyngitis, pharyngitis, tonsillitis, laryngitis (J00, J02, J03, J04 according to 1CD-10). The biological material was distributed depending on the age of the surveyed: the first group - children 3-6 years (n = 61) and the second age group - children 7-12 years (n = 23). Studies of the microflora of the oropharynx were performed according to standard methods. Isolated microorganisms were identified by morphological, tinctorial, cultural and biochemical properties. The results were evaluated in accordance with the Order of USSR Ministry of Health N 535 as of April 22,1985. Specific lytic activity of bacteriophages against S. aureus was determined using preparations of staphylococcal bacteriophage and polyvalent pyobacteriophage Sexta. The sensitivity of strains of S. aureus to specific bacteriophages was assessed by the method of «crosses», according to the guidelines. Statistical analysis was performed with the use of licensed applications Offiœ Ms Excel 2007for Windows 7 BioStat v. 5.0.1.2008. Correlation analysis (Pearson method) was used. 1t has been shown that with increasing age children in the oropharynx microbial density is increasing for indicators of both normoflora (S. oralis), and of opportunistic microflora (S. β-hemolytic, S. pyogenes, S. pneumoniae, bacteria Enterobacteriaceae), especially of S. aureus (up to 74 %). Registration of sensitive strains of S. aureus in more than 70 % of cases in preschool and school-aged children is evidence of the correctness of correction of the dysbiotic disorders of the oropharynx with the use of bacteriophages of staphylococcus and Sexta.

Staphylococcus aureus, preschool children, schoolchildren, oropharyngeal microbiocenosis, opportunistic pathogens, Staphylococcus aureus, specific bacteriophage

1. Алешкин В.А., Галимзянов Х.М., Афанасьев С.С., Караулов А.В., Рубальский О.В., Несвижский Ю.В., Воропаева Е.А., Афанасьев М.С. Нарушение микробиоценозов у детей: многоцентровое исследование. Сообщение 1. Микробиоценоз и дисбактериоз ротоглотки у детей // Астраханский медицинский журнал. - 2010. - Т. 5, № 3. - С. 9-13

2. Асланов Б.И., Зуева Л.П., Кафтырева Л.А., Бойцов А.Г., Акимкин В.Г., Долгий А.А., Брусина Е.Б., Дроздова О.М. Рациональное применение бактериофагов в лечебной и противоэпидемической практике. Федеральные клинические методические рекомендации. - М., 2014. - 20 с

3. Бухарова Е.В., Попкова С.М., Ракова Е.Б., Джиоев Ю.П., Шабанова Н.М., Иванова Е.И., Немченко У.М., Савелькаева М.В. Микроэкологическая характеристика региональных популяций Klebsiella spp. в кишечной микробиоте детей города Иркутска // Бюл. ВСНЦ СО РАМН. - 2013. - № 2, Ч. 2. - С. 93-96

4. Крамарь Л.В., Хлынина Ю.О. Микроэкологическая характеристика слизистых оболочек верхних дыхательных путей у часто болеющих детей // Волгоградский научно-медицинский журнал. - 2014. -№ 1. - С. 35-38

5. Мескина Е.Р., Галкина Л.А. Коррекция дисбиотических нарушений ротоглотки у детей с острым тонзиллитом // Лечение и профилактика. - 2014. -№ 4. - С. 67-72

6. Разуваев О.А., Трушкина А.В., Кокорева С.П. Влияние экологии промышленного города на состояние здоровья детей дошкольного возраста // Научно-медицинский вестник Центрального Черноземья. 2014. - № 58. - С. 64-68

7. Усенко Д.В., Горелов А.В. Комбинированная терапия воспалительных заболеваний ротоглотки у детей // Медицинский совет. - 2016. - № 1. - С. 54-57

8. Artini M, Scoarughi GL, Papa R, Cellini A, Carpentieri A, Pucci P, Amoresano A, Gazzola S, Cocconcelli PS, Selan L. (2011). A new anti-infective strategy to reduce adhesion-mediated virulence in Staphylococcus aureus affecting surface proteins. IntJ Immunopathol Pharmacol, 24 (3), 661-672.

9. Baldan R, Testa F, Lorè NI, Bragonzi A, Cichero P, Ossi C, Biancardi A, Nizzero P, Moro M, Cirillo DM. (2012). Factors contributing to epidemic MRSA clones replacement in a hospital setting. PLoS One, 7 (8), e43153.

10. Bardiau M, Caplin J, Detilleux J, Graber H, Moroni P, Taminiau B, Mainil JG. (2016). Existence of two groups of Staphylococcus aureus strains isolated from bovine mastitis based on biofilm formation, intracellular survival, capsular profile and agr-typing. Vet Microbiol, 185, 1-6.

11. François P, Scherl A, Hochstrasser D, Schrenzel J. (2010). Proteomic approaches to study Staphylococcus aureus pathogenesis. Proteomics, 73 (4), 701-708.

12. Kackar S, Suman E, Kotian SM. (2017) Bacterial and fungal biofilm formation on contact lenses and their susceptibility to lens care solutions. Indian J Med Microbiol, 35 (1), 80-84.

13. Martínez-Pulgarln S, Domínguez-Bernal G, Orden JA, de la Fuente R. (2009). Simultaneous lack of catalase and beta-toxin in Staphylococcus aureus leads to increased intracellular survival in macrophages and epithelial cells and to attenuated virulence in murine and ovine models. Microbiology, 155 (5), 1505-1515.

14. Naseri I, Jerris RC, Sobol SE. (2009). Nationwide trends in pediatric Staphylococcus aureus head and neck infections. Arch Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg, 135 (1), 14-16.