Primary disability due to diseases of the digestive system in the Irkutsk region: Dynamics of 2009–2020 and its reasons

The aim. To study the dynamics of primary disability due to diseases of the digestive system (DDS) in the Irkutsk region for 2009–2020 in adults, its possible causes in comparison with the dynamics of morbidity and mortality of the population.

Materials and methods. The database of persons recognized as disabled for the first time due to the DDS in the Irkutsk region were analyzed by the solid method. The share in percent and the level of primary disability per 10,000 of the adult population were calculated. DDS morbidity and mortality were analyzed according to the forms of state statistics, the indicators were calculated per 100,000 population. In addition, data on the analysis of the causes of death provided by medical organizations for each person who died from DDS was studied.

Results. The number of people recognized as disabled for the first time due to DDS decreased by 2.2 times for the analyzed years, the level of primary disability for 2014–2020 – by 1.9 times. The main contribution to the primary disability due to DDS all the years was made by cirrhosis of the liver. Primary incidence of DDS in the Irkutsk region in the adult population for 2009–2019 increased by 1.5 times (the decline in 2020 was caused by the cessation of dispensary examinations due to the epidemic of a new coronavirus infection). Mortality due DDS increased from 2017 to 2020 by 1.3 times. The main contribution to mortality is made by alcoholic causes – primarily liver cirrhosis, acute pancreatitis.

An analysis was made of changes in regulatory documents according to the criteria for establishing disability to clarify the reason for the decrease in disability rates due DDS at the same time with an increase in morbidity and mortality.

Conclusion. It is not possible to explain the decrease in the proportion and level of primary disability due to DDS only by improving the quality of medical care with an increase in morbidity and mortality. A certain contribution to the reduction of disability rates was made by changes in the normative documents on the establishment of disability, starting from 2014.

1. Baranovsky AYu, Belyaev AM, Kondrashina EA. Morbidity and mortality rates from digestive diseases in the RF Northwestern Federal District (NWFD) and measures to reduce them. Russian Journal of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, Coloproctology. 2019; 29(1): 36-46. (In Russ.). doi: 10.22416/1382-4376-2019-29-1-36-46

2. Korochanskaya NV, Durleshter VM, Kovalevskaya OV, Serikova SN, Popandopulo KI. Indicators of morbidity and mortality from diseases of the digestive system in the Krasnodar Krai and the quality of medical care for gastroenterological patients. Russian Journal of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, Coloproctology. 2019; 29(4): 30-37. (In Russ.). doi: 10.22416/1382-4376-2019-29-4-30-37

3. Digestive Disease Continues to Rise Among Americans. Blog, GI Articles 02-23-21. GI Alliance. URL: https://gialliance.com/digestive-disease-continues-to-rise-among-americans/ [date of access: 02.02.2022].

4. Diseases of the digestive system, per 100 000. URL: https://gateway.euro.who.int/en/hfa-explorer/#m6v7Nh2d3c [date of access: 02.02.2022].

5. Dmitrieva TV, Dmitriev VN, Urusova MA, Firsova TI, Chaplygina ON. Primary disability of the adult population of the Russian Federation due to diseases of the digestive system, 2006-2017. Vestnik Vserossiyskogo obshchestva spetsialistov po mediko-sotsial’noy ekspertize, reabilitatsii i reabilitatsionnoy industrii. 2019; 3: 61-70. (In Russ.). doi: 10.17238/issn1999-2351.2019.3.61-70

6. Petrunko IL, Soklakova VI, Cherkasova AA, Sergeeva NV. Diseases of the digestive system: primary disability in the Irkutsk region. Acta biomedica scientifi a. 2017; 2(1): 44-47. (In Russ.). doi: 0.12737/article_5955e6b4b09613.46177111

7. International Classifi ation of Functioning, Disability and Health (ICF). WHO/2001. URL: https://www.who.int/standards/classifications/international-classification-of-functioning-disabilityand-health [date of access: 02.02.2022].

8. Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities United Nations, 2006. URL: https://www.un.org/disabilities/documents/convention/convoptprot-e.pdf [date of access: 02.02.2022].

9. Body mass index (BMI) (who.int). URL: https://www.who.int/data/gho/data/themes/topics/topic-details/GHO/body-massindex/GHO [date of access: 02.02.2022].

10. Shvartsman ZD (ed.). Medico-social expertise in internal and occupational diseases, respiratory tuberculosis: a guide for doctors. Saint Petersburg: Beresta; 2011.

11. Korobov MV, Pomnikov VG. Handbook of medical and social expertise and rehabilitation. Saint Petersburg: Gippokrat; 2010.

12. Ivashkin VT, Mayev IV, Okhlobystin AV, Alekseyenko SA, Beloborodova YeV, Kucheryavy YuA, et al. Diagnostics and treatment of pancreatic exocrine insufficiency: Clinical guidelines of the Russian gastroenterological association. Russian Journal of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, Coloproctology. 2018; 28(2): 72100. (In Russ.). doi: 10.22416/1382-4376-2018-28-2-72-100