Analysis of the Structure and Dynamics of Gynecological Morbidity and Extragenital Pathology in Rural Women

Background. The reproductive health of women is an important aspect of health that affects the reproduction of the population and its quality and is of great importance in maintaining the stable development of society, normal fertility and demographic growth of the population. The unfavorable situation concerning reproductive health of rural women requires more attention and detailed socio-hygienic and medico-demographic study.

Aim of the research. To study the structure and dynamics of gynecological morbidity in rural women on the example of women living in Ekhirit-Bulagatsky district of the Irkutsk region over a period of 2015–2019, and of extragenital pathology in pregnant women.

Materials and methods. The analysis of the structure and dynamics of gynecological morbidity in women (n = 1044), and of extragenital pathology in pregnant women (n = 1314) was carried out in the Regional Hospital N 2 of the UstOrdynsky settlement in 2015–2019. Statistical data processing was carried out using standard  techniques.

Results. Gynecological morbidity in the female population in this rural area over a period from 2015 to 2019 tended to increase. The relationship between this growth and the coverage of the population with preventive medical examination was studied. The correlation between these factors is direct, strong and statistically  significant (r xy = 0.963; p > 99 %). In the structure of extragenital pathology of pregnant women, anemias  and diseases of the endocrine system occupy a special place.

Conclusion. The greater the percentage of female population covered by preventive medical examination, the higher the rate of gynecological morbidity. In the structure of gynecological morbidity in rural women, erosion is in the first place, endometriosis is in second, and uterine myoma is in third. In the structure of extragenital pathology among pregnant women, anemia, thyroid diseases, and diabetes mellitus prevail. The results  indicate the need for a differentiated treatment and diagnostic approach to the management of pregnancy, as well as the development and implementation of comprehensive programs aimed at the formation of reproductive health.

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