Среднетяжёлое и бессимптомное течение COVID-19 у женщин в менопаузе: биомаркеры системы антиоксидантной защиты

Цель. Оценка общего антиоксидантного и глутатионового статуса, активности супероксиддисмутазы у женщин в менопаузе со среднетяжёлым и бессимптомным течением COVID-19.

Материалы и методы. Исследование включало 92 женщины в возрасте от 45 до 69 лет, которые были разделены на группы: женщины без COVID-19, не вакцинированные, без антител к SARS-CoV-2 (IgG) – контроль; женщины со среднетяжёлой формой заболевания COVID-19 – основная группа; женщины с IgG к SARS-CoV-2 в крови, но отрицающие какие-либо симптомы COVID-19 за последние 12 месяцев, – бессимптомное течение COVID-19.

Результаты. У пациентов со среднетяжёлым течением COVID-19 выявлена более низкая активность глутатионпероксидазы (GPx), супероксиддисмутазы (СОД) и более высокая активность глутатионредуктазы (GR), концентрации глутатион-S-трансферазы pi (GSTpi) по сравнению с контролем. В группе с бессимптомным течением COVID-19 наблюдались статистически более низкие уровни окисленной формы глутатиона (GSSG), общего антиоксидантного статуса (TAS, total antioxidant status) и более высокие уровни восстановленного глутатиона (GSH), а также соотношение GSH/ GSSG по сравнению с контролем. У пациентов со среднетяжёлым течением COVID-19 выявлены статитсически значимо более низкие значения активности GPx, СОД и более высокие значения TAS, активности GR, GSTpi по сравнению с группой без клинических симптомов. ROC-анализ показал диагностическую значимость TAS (AUC (area under curve) – 0,714; p = 0,048), GSH (AUC = 0,714; p = 0,030), GSSG (AUC = 0,712; p = 0,031), GSH/GSSG (AUC = 0,837; p < 0,001) для группы с бессимптомным течением COVID-19 по сравнению с контрольной группой; TAS (AUC = 0,709; p = 0,020), СОД (AUC = 0,760; p < 0,001), GSH/GSSG (AUC = 0,658; p = 0,039), GPx (AUC = 0,774; p < 0,001), GSTpi (AUC = 0,864; p < 0,001) и GR (AUC = 0,871; p < 0,001) для группы со среднетяжёлым COVID-19 по сравнению с бессимптомным течением заболевания.

Заключение. Активность системы антиоксидантной защиты у женщин в менопаузе зависит от течения COVID-19.

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