Fundamentals of Diabetic Cataractogenesis and Promising Ways of its Pharmacological Correction
https://doi.org/10.29413/ABS.2021-6.2.13
Abstract
Cataracts in diabetes mellitus lead to decreased visual function and blindness. Cataract surgery for diabetes mellitus has limitations and complications. The search for effective means of conservative cataract therapy continues. The review presents the analysis of data from scientific sources, mainly for 2015–2020 using Internet resources (PubMed, Web of Science, Medline, eLibrary.Ru, Cyberleninka). In the work, diabetic cataractogenesis is presented as a sum of interrelated pathobiochemical processes. The main ones are the polyol pathway of glucose conversion, non-enzymatic glycation and oxidative modification of lens proteins, which are enhanced in diabetes mellitus. The lens has a high protein content. The formation of high molecular weight protein aggregates is of particular importance for the appearance of light scattering zones and a decrease in lens transparency. This review presents data on anti-cataract compounds that affect post-translational crystallin modification, prevent osmotic and oxidative stress in the lens, and exhibit antiglycation properties. This information shows that the search for means of pharmacological correction of cataractogenesis should be carried out among compounds with antioxidant and antiglycation activity.
About the Authors
A. A. Spassov
Volgograd State Medical University
Russian Federation
Russian Federation
Dr. Sc. (Med.), Professor, Academician of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Head of the Department of Pharmacology and Bioinformatics,
Pavshikh Bortsov square 1a, Volgograd 4001311
L. V. Naumenko
Volgograd State Medical University
Russian Federation
Russian Federation
Dr. Sc. (Med.), Docent, Professor at the Department of Pharmacology and Bioinformatics,
Pavshikh Bortsov square 1a, Volgograd 4001311
Yu. A. Govorova
Volgograd State Medical University
Russian Federation
Russian Federation
Ophtalmologist, External Postgraduate Student at Department of Pharmacology and Bioinformatics,
Pavshikh Bortsov square 1a, Volgograd 4001311
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Review
For citations:
Spassov A.A., Naumenko L.V., Govorova Yu.A. Fundamentals of Diabetic Cataractogenesis and Promising Ways of its Pharmacological Correction. Acta Biomedica Scientifica. 2021;6(2):114-125. (In Russ.) https://doi.org/10.29413/ABS.2021-6.2.13
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