8-Hydroxy-2’-deoxyguanosine level and antioxidant status in the dynamics of physiological pregnancy

Background. Due to the adaptive processes occurring in a woman’s body during pregnancy, the antioxidant status may be the subject for active changes. An imbalance between antioxidants and prooxidants may lead to the development of oxidative stress. The aim. To assess of antioxidant status and 8-hydroxy-2’-deoxyguanosine content in the dynamics of physiological pregnancy.

Materials and methods. A prospective study of 32 healthy pregnant women (mean age 28.32 ± 5.21 years) was conducted. Blood plasma and serum, as well as hemolysate prepared from erythrocytes, were used as study material. A comprehensive assessment of the antioxidant status was carried out based on the determination of the level of total antioxidant activity of the blood, the content of reduced and oxidized glutathione and their ratios, glutathione-S-transferase, alpha-tocopherol, retinol and superoxide dismutase activity. Oxidative modification of DNA was assessed by the level of 8-hydroxy-2’-deoxyguanosine. The indicators were studied at 4 points: 6-12, 18-22, 28-32, 38-40 weeks of pregnancy.

Results. It was found that the concentration of retinol, alpha-tocopherol, activity of superoxide dismutase and glutathione-S-transferase significantly increased at 38–40 weeks compared to the first trimester of pregnancy, against the background of a decrease in the level of 8-hydroxy-2’-deoxyguanosine before delivery.

Conclusions. The obtained results of the study indicate the activation of the antioxidant defense system in the dynamics of physiological pregnancy, which leads to a decrease in oxidative modification of DNA.

1. Florensov VV, Protopopova NV, Kolesnikova LI. Lipidperoxidation and antioxidizing system at the pregnant women at uncomplicated pregnancy and placental insufficiency. Journal of Obstetrics and Women’s Diseases. 2005; 54(2): 44-49. (In Russ.).

2. Tishkova OG, Dikareva LV, Teply DD. The role of free-radical oxidation processes in the pathogenesis of early miscarriage. Astrakhan Medical Journal. 2023; 18(1): 27-38. (In Russ.). doi: 10.29039/1992-6499-2023-1-27-38

3. Hussain T, Murtaza G, Metwally E, Kalhoro DH, Kalhoro MS, Rahu BA, et al. The role of oxidative stress and antioxidant balance in pregnancy. Mediators Inflamm. 2021; 1: 9962860. doi: 10.1155/2021/9962860

4. olesnikova LI, Semenova NV, Labigina AV, Suturina LV, Sholokhov LF. Estimation of the antioxidant status at women with endocrine sterility. Journal of obstetrics and women’s diseases. 2010; 59(4): 57-60. (In Russ.).

5. Mashkina EV, Kovalenko KA, Miktadova AV, Shkurat MA. Association of gene polymorphisms of antioxidants with reproductive losses. Genetics. 2020; 56(3): 338–346. (In Russ.). doi: 10.31857/S001667582003011X

6. Juan-Reyes SS, Gómez-Oliván LM, Islas-Flores H, Dublán-García O. Oxidative stress in pregnancy complicated by preeclampsia. Arch Biochem Biophys. 2020; 681: 108255. doi: 10.1016/j.abb.2020.108255

7. Protopopova NV, Kolesnikova LI, Ilyin VP. Metabolism and hemodynamics in pregnant women with arterial hypertension. Novosibirsk; 2000. (In Russ.).

8. Grzeszczak K, Łanocha-Arendarczyk N, Malinowski W, Ziętek P, Kosik-Bogacka D. Oxidative Stress in Pregnancy. Biomolecules. 2023; 13(12): 1768. doi: 10.3390/biom13121768

9. Dzeranova LK, Vorotnikova SYu, Pigarova EA. Evolution of pregnancy planning in hyperprolactinemia. Obesity and metabolism. 2024; 21(2): 188-194. (In Russ.). doi: 10.14341/omet13144

10. Kolesnikova LI The role of lipid peroxidation processes in the pathogenesis of pregnancy complications. Abstract of a dissertation for the degree of Doctor of Medical Sciences. Scientifi Center for Family Health and Human Reproduction Problems, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Medical Sciences. Irkutsk; 1993. (In Russ.).

11. Savchenko TN, Ozolinya LA, Dergacheva IA, Polovinkina EN, Safonina MS. Cytokine status and availability of vitamin D in women with miscarriage of infectious genesis. Snegirev Archives of Obstetrics and Gynecology. 2020; 7(3): 153–157. (In Russ.). doi: 10.17816/2313-8726-2020-7-3-153-157

12. Grigorieva NA, Chesnokova NP, Ponukalina EV, Rogozhina IE, Glukhova TN. On the role of activation of lipid peroxidation in the dynamics of physiological pregnancy in nulliparous of different age groups. Modern problems of science and education. 2015; 2-1: 70-77. (In Russ.).

13. Pestriaeva LA, Mal’gina GB, Smirnova EE, Tret’iakova TB, Dankova IV, Borisova SV. Antioxidant status of blood of women of late reproductive age with induced pregnancy. Russian Journal of Human Reproduction. 2020; 26(1): 1317. (In Russian). doi: 10.17116/repro20202601113

14. Semenova NV, Madaeva IM, Gavrilova NA, Zhambalova TV, Zhambalova RM, Lesnaya AS, et al. Activity of the glutathione link of the antioxidant system in pregnant women depending on the quality of sleep. Journal of Neurology and Psychiatry named after S.S. Korsakov. 2023; 123(10): 101-105. (In Russ.).

15. Nikitina OA, Semenova NV, Karacheva AN, Novikova EA, Marianian AYu, Kolesnikov SI, et al. Retinol and alpha-tocopherol content in women with different phosphatidylethanol levels in the first trimester of pregnancy. Journal of Obstetrics and Women’s Diseases. 2025; 74(2). (In Russ.). doi: 10.17816/JOWD643486

16. Ishutina NA, Andrievskaya IA, Krivoshchekova NA. Characterization of lipid peroxidation processes and the antioxidant defense system in women in labor with Covid-19. Bulletin of Physiology and Pathology of Respiration. 2024; 91: 84-89. (In Russ.). doi: 10.36604/1998-5029-2024-91-84-89

17. Petrichenko NV, Barkova EN. Change trace elements and antioxidation enzyme activity of red blood cells in normal gestation. Medical Science and Education of the Urals. 2013; 14(2) (74): 78-80. (In Russ.).

18. Semenova NV, Nikitina OA, Novikova EA, Karacheva AN, Marianian AYu, Kolesnikov SI, et al. Indicators of endogenous intoxication in the dynamics of uncomplicated pregnancy. Medium-weight molecules and lipoperoxidation products. Bulletin of Experimental Biology and Medicine. 2024; 178(11): 2–6. (In Russian). doi: 10.47056/0365-9615-2024-178-11-605-609

19. Gorini F, Scala G, Cooke MS, Majello B, Amente S. Towards a comprehensive view of 8-oxo-7,8-dihydro-2’-deoxyguanosine: Highlighting the intertwined roles of DNA damage and epigenetics in genomic instability. DNA Repair (Amst). 2021; 97: 103027. doi: 10.1016/j.dnarep.2020.103027

20. Glazkova OL, Shmeleva SV. Carbohydrate and lipid metabolism and oxidative stress parametrs in patients with menstrual irregularities and obesity. Obstetrics and Gynecology. 2021; 1: 104-109. (In Russ.). doi: 10.18565/aig.2021.1.104-109

21. Kiseleva EA, Makhmutkhodjaev ASh, Mikheenko GA. Oxidative stress in patients with vulvar kraurosis. Mother and Child in Kuzbass. 2022; 3(90): 78-82. (In Russ.). doi: 10.24412/2686-7338-2022-3-78-82

22. Vitkina TI, Kondratieva EV. Detection of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease biomarkers using ROC-analysis. Bulletin of Physiology and Pathology of Respiration. 2022; 85: 32–36. (In Russ.). doi: 10.36604/1998-5029-2022-85-32-36

23. Zhuk TV, Yavorskaya SD, Vostrikov VV. Characteristics of the nutritional and metabolic status in patients with tubo-peritoneal factor of infertility and obesity. Mother and Child in Kuzbass. 2022; 3(90): 126-130. (In Russ.).

24. Salmin VV, Perevertov TA, Muradyan GA, Gudkova YeS, Epova AS, Kutyakov VA, et al. Molecular effects of plasma acid on the ovarian endometrioma capsule tissue. Siberian Medical Review. 2022; (4): 73-82. (In Russ.). doi: 10.20333/25000136-2022-4-73-82

25. Semenova NV, Madaeva IM, Brichagina AS, Kolesnikov SI, Kolesnikova LI. 8-hydroxy-2’-deoxyguanosine as an oxidative stress marker in insomnia. Bulletin of Experimental Biology and Medicine. 2021; 171(3): 384-387. doi: 10.1007/s10517-021-05233-0

26. Nikitina OA, Darenskaya MA, Semenova NV, Kolesnikova LI. Antioxidant defense system: regulation of metabolic processes, genetic determinants, methods of determination. Siberian Scientific Medical Journal. 2022; 42(3): 4–17. (In Russ.). doi: 10.18699/SSMJ20220301

27. Suprun SV, Kudryashova OS, Evseeva GP. Ecological and ethnic peculiarities of oxidative metabolism (free radical oxidation and antioxidant protection) outside and during pregnancy in women of the Amur region. Bulletin Physiology and Pathology of Respiration. 2023; (90): 66–73. (In Russ.). doi: 10.36604/19985029-2023-90-66-73

28. Poltanova AA, Agarkova LA, Bukharina IYu. Functional differences of genetically determined variants of the xenobiotic detoxifi tion system in the formation of complications of the gestational process. Modern problems of science and education. 2013; 6: 671. (In Russ.).

29. Liu J, Zhan S, Jia Y, Li Y, Liu Y, Dong Y, et al. Retinol and α-tocopherol in pregnancy: Establishment of reference intervals and associations with CBC. Matern Child Nutr. 2020; 16(3): e12975. doi: 10.1111/mcn.12975

30. Ivanišević J, Ardalić D, Banjac G, Janać J, Cabunac P, Vekić J, et al. Antioxidant status in hypertensive disorders of pregnancy. Hypertens Pregnancy. 2022; 41(1): 31-38. doi: 10.1080/10641955.2021.2013875

31. Chernyauskene RCh. Simultaneous determination of concentrations of vitamins E and A in blood serum. Lab. delo. 1984; 6: 362-365. (In Russ.).

32. Hissin HY. Fluometric method for determination of oxidized and reduced glutathione in tissues. Anal. Biochem. 1976; 74(1): 214-226. doi: 10.1016/0003-2697(76)90326-2

33. Misra HP. The role of superoxide anion in the autoxidation of epinephrine and a simple assay for superoxide dismutase. J. Biol. Chem. 1972; 247: 3170-3175.

34. Klebanov GI, Babenkova IV, Teselkin YuO. Evaluation of AOA of blood plasma using yolk lipoproteins. Lab. delo. 1988; 5: 59-60. (In Russ.).

35. Kornakova NV, Kolesnikova LI, Labigina AV, Petrova VA, Lazareva LM, Darenskaya MA, et al. Characteristics of the processes of lipid peroxidation -antioxidant protection in women with sterility against the background of hyperprolactinemia. Bulletin of the East Siberian Scientific Center of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Medical Sciences. 2007; 1(53): 78-80. (In Russ.).

36. Labygina AV, Kolesnikova LI, Grebenkina LA, Darenskaya MA, Kurashova NA, Dolgih MI, et al. Retinol content and reproductive disorders in residents of Eastern Siberia (literature review). Human ecology. 2018; 4: 51-58. (In Russ.).

37. Orlova SV, Nikitina EA, Vodolazkaya AN, Balashova NV, Prokopenko EV. Vitamin A in pregnancy and breast feeding: a current view on the problem. Medical alphabet. 2022; (16): 109-114. (In Russ.). doi: 10.336678/2078-5631-2022-16-109-114

38. Ivaschenko TE, Partsalis GK, Prokopenko VM, Pavlova NG, Arutyunyan AV, Baranov VS. Genotypic and biochemical analysis of placentas in women with pregnancy miscarriage. Journal of Obstetrics and Women’s Diseases. 2006; LV(2): 58-63.

39. Prorubshchikova MYu, Kolesnikova LI, Suturina LV. Lipid peroxidation parameterss in blood serum and follicile liquid of infertile patients with different IVF results. Bulletin of the East Siberian Scientifi Center of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Medical Sciences. 2012; 3-1(85): 75-78. (In Russ.).

40. Urbaniak SK, Boguszewska K, Szewczuk M, Kaźmierczak-Barańska J, Karwowski BT. 8-Oxo-7,8-Dihydro-2’-Deoxyguanosine (8-oxodG) and 8-Hydroxy-2’-Deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG) as a Potential Biomarker for Gestational Diabetes Mellitus (GDM) Development. Molecules. 2020; 25(1): 202. doi: 10.3390/molecules25010202