Антропометрические маркеры как корреляты метаболически нездорового фенотипа детей Северной Азии

Введение. Проведена стратификация антропометрических показателей для выявления метаболически нездорового фенотипа у подростков-монголоидов с разным статусом веса.

Цель. Поиск антропометрических параметров, позволяющих дифференцировать метаболически здоровый фенотип (МЗФ) и метаболически нездоровый фенотип (МНЗФ), у подростков – северных монголоидов.

Материалы и методы. Одноцентровое кросс-секционное исследование проведено в 02.2015–10.2016 гг. на территории Республики Бурятия и Иркутской области: антропометрическое обследование и определение уровня гликемии крови, анализ липидограммы, калипометрия и измерение обхватных параметров. Итого в исследование отобраны 227 детей: 137 мальчиков и 90 девочек.

Результаты. Сравнение антропометрических параметров и индексов в выборках мальчиков с метаболическими нарушениями показали статически значимые различия ОТ, ОБ, ОТ/ОБ, толщины подкожно-жировой клетчатки во всех измеряемых локациях и индекса округлости у мальчиков с избыточной массой тела. Аналогичный анализ у девочек изучаемых групп не выявил статистически значимых различий между девочками с МЗФ и МНЗФ. Наиболее информативными параметрами метаболически нездорового фенотипа у мальчиков-азиатов являются индекс висцерального ожирения (AUC = 0,92), SDS ИМТ (AUC = 0,73), толщины подкожно-жировой клетчатки возле пупка (AUC = 0,73) и на передней поверхности плеча (AUC = 0,74). Оптимальное значение отсечки SDSИМТдляпрогнозированияметаболическихнарушенийсоставляет 2,29 у.е.; толщины подкожно-жировой клетчатки возле пупка более 3,5 см и на передней поверхности плеча более 1,0 см. У девочек-северных монголоидов наибольшие площади под кривой для индекс висцерального ожирения (AUC = 0,84), окружности бедер (AUC = 0,7) и индекса конусности (AUC = 0,7).

Заключение. Индекс висцерального ожирения у подростков обоих полов является самым информативным показателем метаболических отклонений. Для мальчиков-северных азиатов SDS ИМТ – хороший показатель для верификации метаболически нездорового фенотипа, для девочек – окружность бедер и индекс конусности.

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