Metabolic syndrome: Epidemiology, diagnostic criteria, racial characteristics

Metabolic syndrome (MS) is a very serious pathological condition that occurs in the clinical practice of doctors of various specialties. Often, the presence of MS aggravates the course of comorbidities, while various diseases can serve as a risk factor for its development. The significant prevalence of MS determines the need for its early diagnosis for timely correction and prevention of its long-term complications.
The aim. To systematize data on the prevalence of metabolic syndrome in various countries and populations and to discuss the most frequently used diagnostic criteria, including racially and ethnically differentiated ones.
Materials and method. A literary search was carried out using scientific databases: eLIBRARY, PubMed.NCBI, CyberLeninka, the official website of IDF for the period from 1999 to 2020.
Results. It was found that despite different diagnostic criteria used for MS, its prevalence in many countries is comparable (10–30 %) but differs in different populations. Thus, MS occurs more often in Caucasians than among Asians, and its prevalence is significantly higher in the newcomer vs the indigenous population. Nevertheless, a comparative analysis of the frequency of MS is difficult due to the use of research results based on different approaches to its diagnosis in the literature presented in the literature. Although the analysis of literature data indicates the existence of specific features of the prevalence of MS in different populations, the differentiated approaches to detecting MS depending on the race of patients, which are necessary for many countries, have not yet been sufficiently developed.

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