actabiomedicaActa Biomedica ScientificaActa Biomedica Scientifica2541-94202587-9596Scientific Centre for Family Health and Human Reproduction Problemsactabiomedica-79Research ArticleОБЗОРЫREVIEWSНеинвазивное измерение внутричерепного давления в клинической практике (обзор литературы)Non-invasive detection of intracranial pressure in clinical practice (review of literature)СемёновА. В.SemyonovA. V.noemail@neicon.ruСороковиковВ. А.SorokovikovV. A.noemail@neicon.ruГБОУ ДПО «Иркутская государственная медицинская академия последипломного образования» Минздрава России, ОГБУЗ «Иркутская городская клиническая больница № 3»Irkutsk State Medical Academy of Continuing Education, Irkutsk Municipal Clinical Hospital N 3ГБОУ ДПО «Иркутская государственная медицинская академия последипломного образования» Минздрава России, ОГБУЗ «Иркутская городская клиническая больница № 3», ФГБНУ «Иркутский научный центр хирургии и травматологии»Irkutsk State Medical Academy of Continuing Education, Irkutsk Scientific Center of Surgery and Traumatology20152805201503100104Copyright © Семёнов А.В., Сороковиков В.А., 20152015Семёнов А.В., Сороковиков В.А.Semyonov A.V., Sorokovikov V.A.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://www.actabiomedica.ru/jour/article/view/79

В статье проводится обзор отечественной и зарубежной литературы за последние 30 лет с использованием интернет-ресурса PubMed, посвященный разработке и внедрению методик неинвазивного измерения внутричерепного давления. Описаны следующие способы оценки внутричерепного давления: оценка смещения барабанной перепонки, кохлеарная микрофония, оценка кровяного давления в венах сетчатки, транскраниальная доплерография, оценка диаметра зрительного нерва (ультразвуковое исследование, мультиспиральная компьютерная томография, магнитно-резонансная томография). Обсуждается целесообразность рутинного применения МСКТ-измерения диаметра зрительного нерва у пациентов с тяжелой черепно-мозговой травмой при планировании операционного доступа.

The aim of the research was to summarize the results of the researches of preoperative diagnostics of intracranial hypertension using data of modern publications and also to determine possible algorithm of diagnostic measures before planning neurosurgical approach at the treatment of intracranial injuries. We analyzed Russian and foreign literary sources for 30 years using key words and search system PubMed. The analysis shows that the search of methods of non-invasive control of intracranial pressure is still actual because of the risk of severe complications of using invasive methods. The most accurate and clinically valuable method of evaluation and prediction of intracranial hypertension in patients with severe craniocerebral injury amongst all considered non-invasive methods (evaluation of tympanic membrane displacement, cochlear microphonia, evaluation of blood pressure in retinal veins, transcranial Doppler imaging, evaluation of optic nerve diameter etc.) is an evaluation of optic nerve diameter using data of ultrasonography, CT imaging and magnetic resonance tomography. Given the fact of operator-dependence of ultrasonography and known limitation for using magnetic resonance tomography in patients with severe craniocerebral injury, CT-data of the optic nerve diameter more than 5,8 mm available from plain preoperative examination can be considered as a reliable prognostic index of development of intracranial hypertension while planning p operative approach.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.