actabiomedicaActa Biomedica ScientificaActa Biomedica Scientifica2541-94202587-9596Scientific Centre for Family Health and Human Reproduction Problems10.29413/ABS.2018-3.5.2actabiomedica-701Research ArticleБИОЛОГИЯ И МЕДИЦИНСКАЯ БИОЛОГИЯBIOLOGY AND MEDICAL BIOLOGYИНСОМНИЯ И ЦИРКАДНЫЕ РИТМЫ МЕЛАТОНИНА У ЖЕНЩИН В МЕНОПАУЗЕINSOMNIA AND CIRCADIAN RHYTHMS OF MELATONIN IN MENOPAUSAL WOMENСемёноваН. В.SemenovaN. V.

ul. Timiryazeva 16, Irkutsk 664003.

Candidate of Biological Sciences, Senior Research Officer.

natkor_84@mail.ruМадаеваИ. М.MadaevaI. M.

ul. Timiryazeva 16, Irkutsk 664003.

Doctor of Medical Sciences, Head of Somnological Centre.

nightchild@mail.ruКолесниковаЛ. И.KolesnikovaL. I.

664003, г. Иркутск, ул. Тимирязева.

ul. Timiryazeva 16, Irkutsk 664003.

Doctor of Medical Sciences, Professor, Academician of RAS.

iphr@sbamsr.irk.ruФГБНУ «Научный центр проблем здоровья семьи и репродукции человека».Scientific Сentre for Family Health and Human Reproduction Problems.201828092018351621Copyright © Семёнова Н.В., Мадаева И.М., Колесникова Л.И., 20182018Семёнова Н.В., Мадаева И.М., Колесникова Л.И.Semenova N.V., Madaeva I.M., Kolesnikova L.I.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://www.actabiomedica.ru/jour/article/view/701

Обзор литературы посвящён анализу полученных к настоящему времени данных относительно гомеостаза сна и роли гормона мелатонина, являющегося одним из ключевых элементов циркадной системы организма, в регуляции цикла «сон-бодрствование» у женщин в менопаузе. Содержание мелатонина определяют в различных биологических средах, таких как моча, кровь, слюна, и исследованиями последних лет показана зависимость уровня данного гормона от пола, возраста, хронотипа, а также расовой принадлежности. Так, более низкий уровень мелатонина отмечен у женщин, представительниц азиатской расы, с возрастом. Более того, мелатонин в 9.00 ч. может быть использован в качестве биологического маркера определения хронотипа человека. Результаты исследований хронобиологических ритмов мелатонина у женщин в менопаузе неоднозначны, однако большинство результатов свидетельствуют о более низком содержании гормона при нарушениях сна. При этом выявлен факт смещения пиков секреции мелатонина, ассоциированного с наличием инсомнических расстройств в перименопаузе и отсутствием данной взаимосвязи в постменопаузе, на ранние утренние часы. Показано, что данная зависимость определяется носительством мажорного аллеля полиморфного варианта гена Clock только у представительниц европеоидной расы.

The aim of the review is to analyze literature data about sleep homeostasis and the role of the one of circadian system key elements – melatonin – in the regulation of the sleep-wake cycle in women in menopause. It was shown that the prevalence and structure of sleep disorders depends on the menopausal phase. It was revealed that the melatonin content in the body, determined in various biological media (blood, saliva, urine), depends on age, sex, race, and chronotype. It was shown that morning melatonin can be used as a biological marker for determining the chronotype. Most studies indicated a decrease in melatonin level with aging. Moreover, women have lower melatonin level than men. In case of insomnia, lower melatonin level was found, although the results of the studies are ambiguous. The shift in the peak of hormone secretion in the early morning hours was described in menopausal women. Also, the dependence of melatonin circadian rhythm on the menopausal phase was revealed, which determines different approaches to insomnia therapy. We revealed the association of melatonin secretion circadian rhythms with Clock 3111T/C gene polymorphism in Caucasian patients with insomnia, which allows considering 3111T allele as risky in the formation of melatonin circadian rhythm disturbances in these patients.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.