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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">actabiomedica</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Acta Biomedica Scientifica</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Acta Biomedica Scientifica</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2541-9420</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2587-9596</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Scientific Centre for Family Health and Human Reproduction Problems</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.29413/ABS.2026-11.4.18</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">actabiomedica-6333</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ФТИЗИАТРИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>PHTHISIOLOGY</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Видовое разнообразие нетуберкулёзных микобактерий, выделенных от пациентов в Иркутской области (ретроспективное исследование)</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Species diversity of nontuberculous mycobacteria isolated from patients in Irkutsk Region (a retrospective study)</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2169-0242</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Орлова</surname><given-names>Е. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Orlova</surname><given-names>E. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Орлова Елизавета Андреевна – кандидат биологических наук, научный сотрудник лаборатории эпидемиологически и социально-значимых инфекций, Институт эпидемиологии и микробиологии </p><p>664003, г. Иркутск, ул. Тимирязева, 16</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Elizaveta A. Orlova – Cand. Sc. (Biol.), Research Officer at the Laboratory of Epidemic and Social Infections, Institute of Epidemiology and Microbiology</p><p>Timiryazev Str., 16, Irkutsk 664003</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">elizaveta.a.orlova@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0004-0701-2175</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Кулинич</surname><given-names>С. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kulinich</surname><given-names>S. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Кулинич София Владимировна – лаборант-исследователь лаборатории эпидемиологически и социально-значимых инфекций, Институт эпидемиологии и микробиологии</p><p>664003, г. Иркутск, ул. Тимирязева, 16</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Sofia V. Kulinich – Laboratory Assistant Researcher at the Laboratory of Epidemic and Social Infections, Institute of Epidemiology and Microbiology</p><p>Timiryazev Str., 16, Irkutsk 664003</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">kulinich.sophie@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2631-4724</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Кондратов</surname><given-names>И. Г.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kondratov</surname><given-names>E. G.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Кондратов Илья Геннадьевич – кандидат биологических наук, научный сотрудник лаборатории эпидемиологически и социально-значимых инфекций, Институт эпидемиологии и микробиологии</p><p>664003, г. Иркутск, ул. Тимирязева, 16</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Ilya G. Kondratov – Cand. Sc. (Biol.), Research Officer at the Laboratory of Epidemic and Social Infections, Institute of Epidemiology and Microbiology</p><p>Timiryazev Str., 16, Irkutsk 664003</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">kondratovig@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0006-4559-9215</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Доржиева</surname><given-names>М. Е.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Dorzhieva</surname><given-names>M. E.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Доржиева Марина Евгеньевна – лаборант-исследователь функциональной группы геномных исследований и биоинформационного анализа</p><p>664003, г. Иркутск, ул. Тимирязева, 16</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Marina E. Dorzhieva  – Laboratory Assistant at the Functional group of Genomic Research and Bioinformatics Analysis</p><p>Timiryazev Str., 16, Irkutsk 664003</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">zdravst8y1te@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Суздальницкий</surname><given-names>А. Е.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Suzdalnitsky</surname><given-names>A. E.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Суздальницкий Алексей Евгеньевич – торакальный хирург, инженер лаборатории эпидемиологически и социально-значимых инфекций, Институт эпидемиологии и микробиологии</p><p>664003, г. Иркутск, ул. Тимирязева, 16</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Alexey E. Suzdalnitsky – Thoracic Surgeon, Laboratory Technician at the Laboratory of Epidemic and Social Infections, Institute of Epidemiology and Microbiology</p><p>Timiryazev Str., 16, Irkutsk 664003</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">irksae@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3168-1983</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Огарков</surname><given-names>О. Б.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Ogarkov</surname><given-names>O. B.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Огарков Олег Борисович – доктор медицинских наук, директор Института эпидемиологии и микробиологии</p><p>664003, г. Иркутск, ул. Тимирязева, 16</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Oleg B. Ogarkov – Dr. Sc. (Med.), Director of the Institute of Epidemiology and Microbiology</p><p>Timiryazev Str., 16, Irkutsk 664003</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">obogarkov@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБНУ «Научный центр проблем здоровья семьи и репродукции человека»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Scientific Centre for Family Health and Human Reproduction Problems</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2026</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>17</day><month>10</month><year>2026</year></pub-date><volume>11</volume><issue>4</issue><fpage>177</fpage><lpage>189</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Орлова Е.А., Кулинич С.В., Кондратов И.Г., Доржиева М.Е., Суздальницкий А.Е., Огарков О.Б., 2026</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2026</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Орлова Е.А., Кулинич С.В., Кондратов И.Г., Доржиева М.Е., Суздальницкий А.Е., Огарков О.Б.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Orlova E.A., Kulinich S.V., Kondratov E.G., Dorzhieva M.E., Suzdalnitsky A.E., Ogarkov O.B.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.actabiomedica.ru/jour/article/view/6333">https://www.actabiomedica.ru/jour/article/view/6333</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Обоснование</title><p>Обоснование. Иркутская область остаётся регионом с высоким бременем туберкулёза с множественной лекарственной устойчивостью и напряжённой ситуацией по ВИЧ-инфекции. Для иммунокомпрометированных лиц опасность представляет распространение нетуберкулёзных микобактерий (НТМБ), вызывающих микобактериоз лёгких – состояние, имитирующее туберкулёз, однако требующее дифференциальной диагностики и иных подходов к лечению. Региональные исследования распространения НТМБ остаются ограниченными. Низкая разрешающая способность стандартных микробиологических методик требует поиска молекулярных мишеней для видовой идентификации НТМБ.</p></sec><sec><title>Цель</title><p>Цель. Оценка видового разнообразия НТМБ, выделенных от пациентов с подозрением на туберкулёз и микобактериоз лёгких, в Иркутской области.</p></sec><sec><title>Методы</title><p>Методы. Проведён ретроспективный анализ штаммов НТМБ, полученных от 63 пациентов, проходивших лечение в ОГБУЗ «Иркутская областная клиническая туберкулёзная больница» в период с 2018 по 2024 гг. Видовая идентификация НТМБ выполнена для 50 изолятов секвенированием фрагментов гена 23S рРНК и groEL2 с последующим филогенетическим анализом.</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты. Среди изученных штаммов доминируют представители Mycobacterium avium complex (MAC, 65,9 %), включая M. avium (53,7 %) и M. intracellulare (12,2 %). Совместный анализ фрагмента гена 23S рРНК и groEL2 обеспечил разделение видов внутри MAC-комплекса, идентификацию широкого спектра медленнои быстрорастущих НТМБ (M. paragordonae, M. abscessus, М. fortuitum, M. holsaticum и M. farcinogenes, M. senegalense), а также немикобактериальных патогенов (Nocardia farcinica, Streptococcus oralis, Staphylococcus epidermidis, Actinomadura sp.).</p></sec><sec><title>Заключение</title><p>Заключение. В динамике охарактеризован таксономический спектр выделенных НТМБ в Иркутской области. Секвенирование генов 23S рРНК и groEL2 позволяет преодолеть проблему идентификации НТМБ.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Background</title><p>Background. The Irkutsk Region remains a region with a high burden of multidrug-resistant tuberculosis and a challenging epidemiological situation regarding HIV infection. For immunocompromised individuals, the spread of nontuberculous mycobacteria (NTMB) poses a significant threat, as they cause pulmonary mycobacteriosis – a condition that mimics tuberculosis but requires differential diagnosis and distinct treatment approaches. Regional studies on NTMB prevalence remain limited. Given the low resolution of standard microbiological techniques, the search for molecular targets for NTMB species identification is essential.</p></sec><sec><title>Aim</title><p>Aim. To evaluate the species diversity of NTMB isolated from patients with suspected pulmonary tuberculosis and mycobacteriosis in the Irkutsk Region.</p></sec><sec><title>Materials and methods</title><p>Materials and methods. A retrospective analysis was performed on NTMB strains obtained from 63 patients treated at the Irkutsk Regional Clinical Tuberculosis Hospital between 2018 and 2024. Species identification was performed for 50 isolates using sequencing of the 23S rRNA and groEL2 genes fragments, followed by phylogenetic analysis.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results. Representatives of the Mycobacterium avium complex (MAC) dominate among the studied strains (65.9%), including M. avium (53.7%) and M. intracellulare (12.2%). Joint analysis of the 23S rRNA and groEL2 gene fragments ensured the differentiation of species within the MAC, as well as the identification of a wide range of slowly and rapidly growing NTMB (M. paragordonae, M. abscessus, M. fortuitum, M. holsaticum, and M. farcinogenes/M. senegalense) and non-mycobacterial pathogens (Nocardia farcinica, Streptococcus oralis, Staphylococcus epidermidis, Actinomadura sp.).</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusion</title><p>Conclusion. The taxonomic spectrum of NTMB isolated in the Irkutsk Region was characterized over time. Sequencing of the 23S rRNA and groEL2 genes allows overcoming the challenge of NTMB identification.</p></sec><sec><title> </title><p> </p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>нетуберкулёзные микобактерии</kwd><kwd>Иркутская область</kwd><kwd>Mycobacterium avium complex</kwd><kwd>groEL2</kwd><kwd>23S рРНК</kwd><kwd>секвенирование</kwd><kwd>молекулярная диагностика</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>nontuberculous mycobacteria</kwd><kwd>Irkutsk region</kwd><kwd>Mycobacterium avium complex</kwd><kwd>groEL2</kwd><kwd>23S rRNA</kwd><kwd>sequencing</kwd><kwd>molecular diagnostics</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Исследование выполнено при финансовой поддержке поискового научного исследования «Разработка инновационных подходов диагностики актуальных бактериальных инфекций на территории СФО и ДФО» (шифр FGMZ-2026-0025, № 126012716021-7)</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Severova L, Giller D, Enilenis I, Gadzhieva P, Shcherbakova G, Kesaev O, et al. 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