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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">actabiomedica</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Acta Biomedica Scientifica</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Acta Biomedica Scientifica</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2541-9420</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2587-9596</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Scientific Centre for Family Health and Human Reproduction Problems</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.29413/ABS.2026-11.4.8</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">actabiomedica-6322</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>КАРДИОЛОГИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>CARDIOLOGY</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Кардиальный саркоидоз: эпидемиология, этиология, патогенез и патоморфология (обзор литературы)</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Cardiac sarcoidosis: epidemiology, etiology, pathogenesis and pathomorphology (literature review)</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3984-8482</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Тарадин</surname><given-names>Г. Г.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Taradin</surname><given-names>G. G.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Тарадин Геннадий Геннадьевич – кандидат медицинских наук, доцент, заведующий кафедрой терапии им. проф. А.И. Дядыка</p><p>283003, г. Донецк, пр. Ильича, 16</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Gennady G. Taradin – Cand. Sc. (Med.), associate professor, head of Therapy Department named after Prof. A.I. Dyadyk</p><p>Ilyicha Ave., 16, Donetsk 283003</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">taradin@inbox.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2694-6614</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ракитская</surname><given-names>И. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Rakitskaya</surname><given-names>I. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Ракитская Ирина Валериевна – кандидат медицинских наук, доцент, доцент кафедры терапии им. проф. А.И. Дядыка</p><p>283003, г. Донецк, пр. Ильича, 16</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Irina V. Rakitskaya – Cand. Sc. (Med.), associate professor, associate professor of Therapy Department named after Prof. A.I. Dyadyk</p><p>Ilyicha Ave., 16, Donetsk 283003</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">rakytskaya@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9954-4715</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Христуленко</surname><given-names>А. Л.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Khristulenko</surname><given-names>A. L.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Христуленко Алина Леонидовна – кандидат медицинских наук, доцент, доцент кафедры терапии им. проф. А.И. Дядыка</p><p>283003, г. Донецк, пр. Ильича, 16</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Alina L. Khristulenko – Cand. Sc. (Med.), associate professor, associate professor of Therapy Department named after Prof. A.I. Dyadyk</p><p>Ilyicha Ave., 16, Donetsk 283003</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">alinakhristulenko@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБОУ ВО «Донецкий государственный медицинский университет&#13;
им. М. Горького» Министерства здравоохранения Российской Федерации</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Donetsk State Medical University named after M. Gorky, Ministry of Health&#13;
of the Russian Federation</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2026</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>17</day><month>10</month><year>2026</year></pub-date><volume>11</volume><issue>4</issue><fpage>71</fpage><lpage>84</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Тарадин Г.Г., Ракитская И.В., Христуленко А.Л., 2026</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2026</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Тарадин Г.Г., Ракитская И.В., Христуленко А.Л.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Taradin G.G., Rakitskaya I.V., Khristulenko A.L.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.actabiomedica.ru/jour/article/view/6322">https://www.actabiomedica.ru/jour/article/view/6322</self-uri><abstract><p>В обзоре представлен анализ современных литературных данных, посвященных кардиальному саркоидозу (КС), частота которого в структуре системного саркоидоза широко варьирует – от 3 до 39 %. Многими авторами отмечается общая тенденция роста распространенности и заболеваемости как системного, так и КС с колебаниями в зависимости от географической зоны и этнической принадлежности. Высказывается предположение о различиях клинических фенотипов КС в зависимости от этнической предрасположенности и пола. Рассматривается значение полиморфизма человеческого лейкоцитарного антигена HLA и отдельных его аллелей в развитии кардиального поражения при саркоидозе. Обсуждается возможное влияние инфекционных возбудителей (Cutibacterium acnes, Mycobacterium tuberculosis и пр.) в качестве инициирующего фактора развития заболевания. Неказеифицирующиеся эпителиоидные гранулёмы – специфичный морфологический признак саркоидоза – могут локализоваться в любом отделе миокарда, определяя возникновение нарушений ритма и проводимости, формирование аневризм желудочков и развитие сердечной недостаточности. Частота обнаружения многоядерных гигантских клеток в неказеифицирующихся эпителиоидных гранулёмах при КС не превышает 20 %, а отсутствие специфических патоморфологических признаков не может исключить поражение сердца. Стадийность гранулематозного воспаления обосновывает применение суррогатных гистопатологических признаков, в частности, обнаружение микрогранулёмы, скоплений М1-макрофагов, признаков лимфоангиогенеза, зон фиброза и жировой инфильтрации миокарда.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The review presents an analysis of current literature data on cardiac sarcoidosis (CS), the frequency of which varies widely in the structure of systemic sarcoidosis – from 3 to 39%. Many authors have noted a general upward trend in the prevalence and incidence of both systemic and CS, with variations depending on geographical region and ethnicity. It is suggested that the clinical phenotypes of CS differ depending on ethnic predisposition and sex. The role of human leukocyte antigen (HLA) polymorphism and specific alleles in the development of cardiac involvement in sarcoidosis has been investigated. The possible influence of infectious agents (Cutibacterium acnes, Mycobacterium tuberculosis, etc.) as an initiating factor in the development of the disease is considered. Non-caseating epithelioid granulomas, a specific morphological feature of sarcoidosis, can be localized in any part of the myocardium, leading to rhythm and conduction disturbances, the development of ventricular aneurysms, and heart failure. Multinucleated giant cells are detected in non-caseating epithelioid granulomas in no more than 20% of CS cases, and the absence of this specific pathomorphological feature does not rule out cardiac involvement in sarcoidosis. The staging of granulomatous inflammation supports the use of surrogate histopathological signs, including microgranulomas, clusters of M1-macrophages, signs of lymphangiogenesis, confluent fibrosis and fatty infiltration of the myocardium.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>саркоидоз</kwd><kwd>кардиальный саркоидоз</kwd><kwd>гранулематозное воспаление</kwd><kwd>эпидемиология</kwd><kwd>этиология</kwd><kwd>патогенез</kwd><kwd>патоморфология</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>sarcoidosis</kwd><kwd>cardiac sarcoidosis</kwd><kwd>granulomatous inflammation</kwd><kwd>epidemiology</kwd><kwd>etiology</kwd><kwd>pathogenesis</kwd><kwd>pathomorphology</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Чучалин А.Г., Авдеев С.Н., Айсанов З.Р., Баранова О.П., Борисов С.Е., Геппе Н.А. и др. 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