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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">actabiomedica</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Acta Biomedica Scientifica</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Acta Biomedica Scientifica</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2541-9420</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2587-9596</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Scientific Centre for Family Health and Human Reproduction Problems</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.29413/ABS.2026-11.4.5</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">actabiomedica-6319</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ДИСКУССИОННЫЕ СТАТЬИ, ЛЕКЦИИ, НОВЫЕ ТРЕНДЫ МЕДИЦИНСКОЙ НАУКИ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>DISCUSSION PAPERS, LECTURES, NEW TRENDS IN MEDICAL SCIENCE</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Корректирующее действие оксида азота и молекулярного водорода на показатели миокардиальной и эндотелиальной дисфункции в предупреждении полиорганной недостаточности у кардиохирургических больных</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>The corrective effect of nitric oxide and molecular hydrogen on parameters of myocardial and endothelial dysfunction in the prevention of multiple organ failure in cardiac surgery patients</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8812-8559</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Дерюгина</surname><given-names>А. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Deryugina</surname><given-names>A. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Дерюгина Анна Вячеславовна – доктор биологических наук, профессор, зав. каф. физиологии и анатомии </p><p>603022, Нижний Новгород, пр. Гагарина, 23</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Anna V. Deryugina – Dr. Sc. (Biol.), professor, head of the Department of Physiology and Anatomy</p><p>Gagarin Ave, 23, Nizhny Novgorod 60302</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">derugina69@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7724-0123</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Пичугин</surname><given-names>В. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Pichugin</surname><given-names>V. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Пичугин Владимир Викторович – доктор медицинских наук, профессор, Главный научный сотрудник кафедры физиологии и анатомии Института биологии и биомедицины ФГАОУ ВО «Национальный исследовательский Нижегородский государственный университет имени Н.И. Лобачевского» Министерства науки и высшего образования Российской Федерации; профессор кафедры анестезиологии, реаниматологии и трансфузиологии ФГБОУ ВО «Приволжский исследовательский медицинский университет» Министерства здравоохранения Российской Федерации; врач–анестезиолог-реаниматолог ГБУЗ НО «Научно-исследовательский институт – специализированная кардиохирургическая клиническая больница им. акад. Б.А. Королева»</p><p>603022, Нижний Новгород, пр. Гагарина, 23, </p><p>603005, Нижний Новгород, пл. Минина и Пожарского, 10/1, </p><p>603950, Нижний Новгород, ул. Ванеева, 209</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Vladimir V. Pichugin – Dr. Sc. (Med.), Professor, Department of Anesthesiology, Resuscitation and Transfusiology, Privolzhsky Research Medical University; Chief Researcher of the Department of Physiology and Anatomy, Institute of Biology and Biomedicine, Lobachevsky State University of Nizhny Novgorod, Ministry of Science and Higher Education; anesthesiologist–intensivist of the Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Unit, Science Research Institute – Specialized Clinical Cardiosurgical Hospital named after B.A. Korolev</p><p>Gagarin Ave, 23, Nizhny Novgorod 60302,</p><p>Minin and Pozharsky Square, 10/1, Nizhny Novgorod 603005,</p><p>Vaneev str., 209, Nizhny Novgorod 603950</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">pichugin.vldmr@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2437-3867</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Богуш</surname><given-names>А. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Bogush</surname><given-names>A. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Богуш Антонина Викторовна – кандидат медицинских наук, зав. отделением реанимации и интенсивной терапии </p><p>603950, Нижний Новгород, ул. Ванеева, 209</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Antonina V. Bogush – Cand. Sc. (Med.), anesthesiologist – intensivist, head of the Department of Resuscitation and Intensive Care, Surgeon, Science </p><p>Vaneev str., 209, Nizhny Novgorod 603950</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">bogushnn@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1255-9760</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Полозова</surname><given-names>А. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Polozova</surname><given-names>A. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Полозова Анастасия Владимировна – кандидат биологических наук, доцент, доцент кафедры физиологии и анатомии </p><p>603022, Нижний Новгород, пр. Гагарина, 23</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Anastasia V. Polozova – Cand. Sc. (Biol.), associate professor, associate professor of the Department of Physiology and Anatomy</p><p>Gagarin Ave, 23, Nizhny Novgorod 60302</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">shumilowanastya@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0009-8753-4841</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Князева</surname><given-names>Е. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Knyazeva</surname><given-names>E. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Князева Екатерина Александровна – магистр кафедры физиологии и анатомии </p><p>603022, Нижний Новгород, пр. Гагарина, 23</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Ekaterina A. Knyazeva – master of science of the Department of Physiology and Anatomy</p><p>Gagarin Ave, 23, Nizhny Novgorod 60302</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">knyazeva.kt@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0686-5481</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Таранов</surname><given-names>Е. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Taranov</surname><given-names>E. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Таранов Евгений Владимирович – кандидат медицинских наук, врач–анестезиолог-реаниматолог отделения анестезиологии и реанимации </p><p>603950, Нижний Новгород, ул. Ванеева, 209</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Evgeny V. Taranov – Cand. Sc. (Med.), anesthesiologist – intensivist of the Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Unit, Science </p><p>Vaneev str., 209, Nizhny Novgorod 603950</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">evgnmed@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0007-0124-9739</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Жиляев</surname><given-names>С. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Zhilyayev</surname><given-names>S. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Жиляев Сергей Александрович – аспирант кафедры анестезиологии, реаниматологии и трансфузиологии ФГБОУ «Приволжский исследовательский медицинский университет» Министерства здравоохранения Российской Федерации; врач–анестезиолог-реаниматолог ГБУЗ НО «Научно-исследовательский институт – специализированная кардиохирургическая клиническая больница им. акад. Б.А. Королева»</p><p>603005, Нижний Новгород, пл. Минина и Пожарского, 10/1, </p><p>603950, Нижний Новгород, ул. Ванеева, 209</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Sergey A. Zhilyaev – Postgraduate student at the Department of Anesthesiology, Intensive Care, and Transfusiology Privolzhsky Research Medical University of the Ministry of Healthcare of the Russian Federation; anesthesiologist – intensivist of the Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Unit, Science Research Institute – Specialized Clinical Cardiosurgical Hospital named after B.A. Korolev</p><p>Minin and Pozharsky Square, 10/1, Nizhny Novgorod 603005,</p><p>Vaneev str., 209, Nizhny Novgorod 603950</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">zhilyaevserg92@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-4"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0003-8507-0971</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Пахомов</surname><given-names>И. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Pakhomov</surname><given-names>I. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Пахомов Илья Александрович – врач–анестезиолог-реаниматолог </p><p>603950, Нижний Новгород, ул. Ванеева, 209</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Ilya A. Pakhomov – anesthesiologist – intensivist of the Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Unit, Science </p><p>Vaneev str., 209, Nizhny Novgorod 603950</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">pakhomov0710@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0512-6940</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Таламанова</surname><given-names>М. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Talamanova</surname><given-names>M. N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Таламанова Мария Николаевна – кандидат биологических наук, доцент, доцент кафедры физиологии и анатомии </p><p>603022, Нижний Новгород, пр. Гагарина, 23</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Maria N. Talamanova – Cand. Sc. (Biol.), associate professor, associate professor of the Department of Physiology and Anatomy</p><p>Gagarin Ave, 23, Nizhny Novgorod 603022</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">talamanova@ibbm.unn.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7511-5123</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Данилова</surname><given-names>Д. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Danilova</surname><given-names>D. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Данилова Дарья Андреевна – старший преподаватель кафедры физиологии и анатомии </p><p>603022, Нижний Новгород, пр. Гагарина, 23</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Darya A. Danilova – senior lecturer of the Department of Physiology and Anatomy</p><p>Gagarin Ave, 23, Nizhny Novgorod 603022</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">danilova@ibbm.unn.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7945-9652</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Бричкин</surname><given-names>Ю. Д.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Brichkin</surname><given-names>Yu. D.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Бричкин Юрий Дмитриевич – доктор медицинских наук, профессор-консультант </p><p>603950, Нижний Новгород, ул. Ванеева, 209</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Yuriy D. Brichkin – Dr. Sc. (Med.), consulting professor, Science </p><p>Vaneev str., 209, Nizhny Novgorod 603950</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">y.d.brichkin@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГАОУ ВО «Национальный исследовательский Нижегородский государственный университет им. Н.И. Лобачевского» Министерства науки и высшего образования Российской Федерации</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Lobachevsky State University of Nizhny Novgorod, Ministry of Science and Higher Education</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГАОУ ВО «Национальный исследовательский Нижегородский государственный университет им. Н.И. Лобачевского» Министерства науки и высшего образования Российской Федерации;&#13;
ФГБОУ ВО «Приволжский исследовательский медицинский университет» Министерства здравоохранения Российской Федерации;&#13;
ГБУЗ НО «Научно-исследовательский институт – Специализированная кардиохирургическая клиническая больница им. акад. Б.А. Королева»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Lobachevsky State University of Nizhny Novgorod, Ministry of Science and Higher Education;&#13;
Privolzhsky Research Medical University of the Ministry of Healthcare of the Russian Federation;&#13;
Research Institute – Specialized Cardiac Surgery Clinical Hospital named after Academician B.A. Korolev</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-3"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ГБУЗ НО «Научно-исследовательский институт – Специализированная кардиохирургическая клиническая больница им. акад. Б.А. Королева»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Research Institute – Specialized Cardiac Surgery Clinical Hospital named after Academician B.A. Korolev</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-4"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБОУ ВО «Приволжский исследовательский медицинский университет» Министерства здравоохранения Российской Федерации;&#13;
ГБУЗ НО «Научно-исследовательский институт – Специализированная кардиохирургическая клиническая больница им. акад. Б.А. Королева»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Privolzhsky Research Medical University of the Ministry of Healthcare of the Russian Federation;&#13;
Research Institute – Specialized Cardiac Surgery Clinical Hospital named after Academician B.A. Korolev</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2026</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>17</day><month>10</month><year>2026</year></pub-date><volume>11</volume><issue>4</issue><fpage>38</fpage><lpage>48</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Дерюгина А.В., Пичугин В.В., Богуш А.В., Полозова А.В., Князева Е.А., Таранов Е.В., Жиляев С.А., Пахомов И.А., Таламанова М.Н., Данилова Д.А., Бричкин Ю.Д., 2026</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2026</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Дерюгина А.В., Пичугин В.В., Богуш А.В., Полозова А.В., Князева Е.А., Таранов Е.В., Жиляев С.А., Пахомов И.А., Таламанова М.Н., Данилова Д.А., Бричкин Ю.Д.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Deryugina A.V., Pichugin V.V., Bogush A.V., Polozova A.V., Knyazeva E.A., Taranov E.V., Zhilyayev S.A., Pakhomov I.A., Talamanova M.N., Danilova D.A., Brichkin Y.D.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.actabiomedica.ru/jour/article/view/6319">https://www.actabiomedica.ru/jour/article/view/6319</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Обоснование</title><p>Обоснование. Кардиохирургические вмешательства и искусственное кровообращение (ИК) вызывают ишемически-реперфузионное повреждение, ведущее к эндотелиальной дисфункции, системному воспалению и, в ряде случаев к полиорганной недостаточности (ПОН), ухудшающей прогноз.</p></sec><sec><title>Цель</title><p>Цель. Изучить влияние оксида азота (NO) и молекулярного водорода (H2) на эндотелиальную дисфункцию, сократимость миокарда в ходе операции и послеоперационную полиорганную недостаточность.</p></sec><sec><title>Материалы и методы</title><p>Материалы и методы. В исследование включены 123 пациента, рандомизированных на 4 группы: 1-я (n = 30) – контроль; 2-я (n = 33) – изолированная подача NO (40 ppm) в контур ИК; 3-я (n = 30) – изолированная подача H2 (2 об%) в контур ИК; 4-я (n = 30) – комбинированная подача NO (40 ppm) и H2 (2 об%) в контур ИК. В процессе операции исследованы функциональные показатели сердца методом транспищеводной эхокардиографии, состояние эндотелиоцитов по анализу циркулирующих эндотелиальных клеток (ЦЭК); после операции – биохимические показатели крови, клинические исходы.</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты. Действие NO и H2 улучшало сократительную функцию миокарда, снижало рост активности АСТ, АЛТ, уменьшало содержание мочевины по сравнению с контролем и сохраняло билирубин (при сочетанном действии газов) и креатинин в пределах исходных значений, что указывает на полиорганный протективный эффект. На фоне действие NO и H2 отмечено более выраженное снижение ЦЭК, ассоциированное с меньшей частотой послеоперационных осложнений и ПОН. Сочетанное применение NO и H2 вызывало полиорганный протективный эффект, превосходящий действие каждого газа.</p></sec><sec><title>Заключение</title><p>Заключение. Экстракорпоральное применение NO и H2 является эффективной стратегией коррекции миокардиальной и эндотелиальной дисфункции, что позволяет предотвратить развитие полиорганной недостаточности у кардиохирургических больных.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Background</title><p>Background. Cardiac surgery and cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) cause ischemia-reperfusion injury, leading to endothelial dysfunction, systemic inflammation and, in some cases, multiple organ failure (MOF), which worsens the prognosis.</p></sec><sec><title>Aim</title><p>Aim. To study the effect of nitric oxide (NO) and molecular hydrogen (H2) on endothelial dysfunction, myocardial contractility during surgery, and postoperative multiple organ failure.</p></sec><sec><title>Materials and methods</title><p>Materials and methods. The study included 123 patients randomized into 4 groups: 1st (n = 30) – control; 2nd (n = 33) – isolated supply of NO (40 ppm) in the CPB circuit; 3rd (n = 30) – isolated supply of H2 (2 vol%) into the CPB circuit; 4th (n = 30) – combined supply of NO (40 ppm) and H2 (2 vol%) into the CPB circuit. During surgery, the functional parameters of the heart were studied using transesophageal echocardiography; the state of endothelial cells – by analysis of circulating endothelial cells (CECs); after surgery – biochemical blood parameters and clinical outcomes.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results. The action of NO and H2 improved the contractile function of the myocardium, reduced the increase in AST and ALT activity, reduced the urea content compared with the control, maintaining bilirubin (with the combined action of gases) and creatinine within the initial values, which indicates a multi-organ protective effect. Against the background of the action of NO and H2, a more pronounced decrease in circulating endothelial cells was noted, associated with a lower incidence of postoperative complications and MOF. The combined use of NO and H2 caused a multi-organ protective effect superior to the effect of each gas.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusion</title><p>Conclusion. Extracorporeal administration of NO and H2 is an effective strategy for correcting myocardial and endothelial dysfunction, which helps prevent the development of multiple organ failure in cardiac surgery patients.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>оксида азота</kwd><kwd>молекулярный водород</kwd><kwd>показатели миокардиальной и эндотелиальной дисфункции</kwd><kwd>полиорганная недостаточность</kwd><kwd>кардиохирургические больные</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>nitric oxide</kwd><kwd>molecular hydrogen</kwd><kwd>indicators of myocardial and endothelial dysfunction</kwd><kwd>multiple organ failure</kwd><kwd>cardiac surgery patients</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Исследование выполнено при финансовой поддержке гранта Российского научного фонда № 25-15-20083</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Velho TR, Pereira RM, Guerra NC, Ferreira R, Pedroso D, Neves-Costa A, et al. 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