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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">actabiomedica</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Acta Biomedica Scientifica</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Acta Biomedica Scientifica</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2541-9420</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2587-9596</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Scientific Centre for Family Health and Human Reproduction Problems</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.29413/ABS.2026-11.3.7</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">actabiomedica-6175</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>МОРФОЛОГИЯ, ФИЗИОЛОГИЯ И ПАТОФИЗИОЛОГИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>MORPHOLOGY, PHYSIOLOGY AND PATHOPHYSIOLOGY</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Сравнительный анализ результатов прогнозирования диаметров дочерних сегментов бифуркаций венечных артерий в норме, полученных с использованием графовых нейронных сетей и известных методов численного моделирования</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Comparative analysis of the results of predicting diameters of daughter segments of coronary artery bifurcations under normal conditions, obtained using graph neural networks and known numerical modeling methods</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5447-1989</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Зенин</surname><given-names>О. К.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Zenin</surname><given-names>O. K.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Зенин Олег Константинович – доктор медицинских наук, профессор, профессор кафедры «Анатомия человека».</p><p>440026, Пенза, ул. Красная, 40</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Oleg K. Zenin – Dr. Sc. (Med.), professor, professor at the Department of Human Anatomy.</p><p>Krasnaya St., 40, 440026 Penza</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">zen.olegz@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1012-8855</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Горбаченко</surname><given-names>В. И.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Gorbachenko</surname><given-names>V. I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Горбаченко Владимир Иванович – доктор технических наук, профессор, заведующий кафедрой «Компьютерные технологии, факультет вычислительной техники».</p><p>440026, Пенза, ул. Красная, 40</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Vladimir I. Gorbachenko – Dr. Sc. (Engineering Sciences), professor; head of the Department of Computer Technology, Faculty of Computer Engineering.</p><p>Krasnaya St., 40, 440026 Penza</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">gorvi_edu@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4728-5923</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Грибков</surname><given-names>Д. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Gribkov</surname><given-names>D. N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Грибков Дмитрий Николаевич – аспирант кафедры «Компьютерные технологии, факультет вычислительной техники».</p><p>440026, Пенза, ул. Красная, 40</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Dmitry N. Gribkov – postgraduate student, Department of Computer Technology, Faculty of Computer Engineering.</p><p>Krasnaya St., 40, 440026 Penza</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">rororol23@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9130-3255</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Милтиадис</surname><given-names>И.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Miltiadis</surname><given-names>I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Илиас Милтиадис – магистрант Университета Палермо.</p><p>90133, Пьяцца Марина, 61, Палермо</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Ilias Miltiadis – MSc student.</p><p>Piazza Marina, 61, Palermo 90133</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">ilia.miltykh@you.unipa.it</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9735-9981</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Кафаров</surname><given-names>Э. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kafarov</surname><given-names>E. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Кафаров Эдгар Сабирович – доктор медицинских наук, доцент, заведующий кафедрой «Нормальная и топографическая анатомия с оперативной хирургией».</p><p>364024, Грозный, ул. А. Шерипова, 32, Чеченская Республика</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Edgar S. Kafarov – Dr. Sc. (Med.), associate professor; head of the Department of Normal and Topographical Anatomy with Operative Surgery.</p><p>A. Sheripov St., 32, Grozny 364024, Chechen Republic</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">Edgar-kafaroff@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0000-7062-7595</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Гайрабекова</surname><given-names>Ф. Р.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Gairabekova</surname><given-names>E. R.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Гайрабекова Фатима Руслановна – кандидат медицинских наук, доцент, доцент кафедры «Кардиология».</p><p>414000, Астрахань, ул. Бакинская, 121</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Fatima R. Gayrabekova – Cand. Sc. (Med.), associate professor, associate professor at the Department of Cardiology.</p><p>Bakinskaya St., 121, Astrakhan 414000</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">miss-orstho@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-4"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Пензенский государственный университет Минобрнауки России</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Penza State University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Университет Палермо (Università degli Studi di Palermo)</institution><country>Италия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>University of Palermo</institution><country>Italy</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-3"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Чеченский государственный университет им. А.А. Кадырова Минобрнауки России</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>A.A. Kadyrov Chechen State University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-4"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Астраханский государственный медицинский университет Минздрава России</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Astrakhan State Medical University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2026</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>02</day><month>08</month><year>2026</year></pub-date><volume>11</volume><issue>3</issue><fpage>57</fpage><lpage>63</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Зенин О.К., Горбаченко В.И., Грибков Д.Н., Милтиадис И., Кафаров Э.С., Гайрабекова Ф.Р., 2026</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2026</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Зенин О.К., Горбаченко В.И., Грибков Д.Н., Милтиадис И., Кафаров Э.С., Гайрабекова Ф.Р.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Zenin O.K., Gorbachenko V.I., Gribkov D.N., Miltiadis I., Kafarov E.S., Gairabekova E.R.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.actabiomedica.ru/jour/article/view/6175">https://www.actabiomedica.ru/jour/article/view/6175</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Обоснование</title><p>Обоснование. Точное определение диаметров венечных артерий сердца человека (ВАСЧ) играет ключевую роль в диагностике, оценке рисков и планировании лечения ишемической болезни сердца. Поскольку сосудистые сети имеют фрактальную структуру и состоят из артериальных бифуркаций (АБ), важной задачей является прогнозирование диаметров дочерних (дистальных) артериальных сегментов (АС) на основе известной величины диаметра материнского (проксимального) АС. Известные методы численного моделирования – прогнозирования диаметров артерий используют приближенные аналитические зависимости, полученные эмпирически.</p></sec><sec><title>Цель</title><p>Цель. Провести сравнительный анализ результатов прогнозирования диаметров дочерних сегментов (составных частей бифуркации), полученных с использованием графовых нейронных сетей и известных методов численного моделирования (ИМЧМ), основанных на данных морфометрии реальных венечных артерий сердца человека в норме.</p></sec><sec><title>Методы</title><p>Методы. Для достижения поставленной цели были реализованы и протестированы различные архитектуры GNN: GCN, GraphSAGE, GAT и TransformerConv. А также ИМЧМ и многослойный персептрон. Проведен сравнительный статистический анализ результатов. Использовали ранее полученные данные морфометрии величин внутренних диаметров АС, составляющих 30 графов коррозионных препаратов ВАСЧ в норме.</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты. Впервые предложено использовать GNN для решения данной задачи. Сравнительный анализ результатов показал, что все GNN-модели превзошли по точности ИМЧМ и многослойный персептрон, в прогнозировании величин диаметров дочерних АС меньшего калибра. Наилучшие результаты продемонстрировала TransformerConv, достигнув коэффициента детерминации R² = 0,96 и RMSE = 0,199 для прогноза большего дочернего диаметра и R² = 0,76 и RMSE = 0,221— для меньшего.</p></sec><sec><title>Заключение</title><p>Заключение. Разработанные модели могут стать основой для создания клинических систем поддержки принятия решений, позволяющих более точно оценивать состояние структуры ВАСЧ.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Background</title><p>Background. The accurate determination of human coronary artery (HCA) diameters plays a pivotal role in the diagnosis, risk assessment, and treatment planning of ischemic heart disease. Given that vascular networks possess a fractal structure and consist of arterial bifurcations (AB), a critical task is the prediction of the diameters of daughter (distal) arterial segments (AS) based on the known diameter of the mother (proximal) AS. Existing numerical modeling methods (ENMM) for predicting arterial diameters rely on approximate analytical dependencies derived empirically.</p></sec><sec><title>Aim</title><p>Aim. To conduct a comparative analysis of the results of predicting diameters of daughter segments (bifurcation components) obtained using Graph Neural Networks and known numerical modeling methods based on morphometric data of real healthy human coronary arteries.</p></sec><sec><title>Methods</title><p>Methods. To achieve this objective, various GNN architectures were implemented and tested: GCN, GraphSAGE, GAT, and TransformerConv. Additionally, ENMM and a Multilayer Perceptron (MLP) were evaluated. A comparative statistical analysis of the results was conducted. The study utilized previously obtained morphometric data on the internal diameters of AS comprising 30 corrosion cast graphs of healthy HCAs. Results. This study proposes the use of GNNs for this specific task for the first time. Comparative analysis demonstrated that all GNN models surpassed both ENMM and the Multilayer Perceptron in accuracy when predicting the diameters of smaller-caliber daughter AS. The TransformerConv architecture demonstrated the best performance, achieving a coefficient of determination R2 = 0.96 and RMSE = 0.199 for predicting the larger daughter segment diameter, and R2 = 0.76 and RMSE = 0.221 for the smaller segment.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusion</title><p>Conclusion. The developed models may serve as the foundation for creating clinical decision support systems, enabling more precise assessments of the structural status of human coronary arteries.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>сердце человека</kwd><kwd>венечные артерии</kwd><kwd>графовые нейронные сети</kwd><kwd>прогнозирование диаметров</kwd><kwd>артериальная бифуркация</kwd><kwd>медицинская диагностика</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>human heart</kwd><kwd>coronary arteries</kwd><kwd>graph neural networks</kwd><kwd>diameter prediction</kwd><kwd>arterial bifurcation</kwd><kwd>medical diagnostics</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Авторы заявляют об отсутствии внешнего финансирования исследования</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Y.-li Chen, G.-Q. Bai, L.-xing Ren, Y. 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