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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">actabiomedica</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Acta Biomedica Scientifica</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Acta Biomedica Scientifica</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2541-9420</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2587-9596</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Scientific Centre for Family Health and Human Reproduction Problems</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.29413/ABS.2026-11.3.3</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">actabiomedica-6171</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ИНФЕКЦИОННЫЕ БОЛЕЗНИ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>INFECTIOUS DISEASES</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Фенотипический состав моноцитов крови у пациентов молодого возраста с COVID-19 и сочетанием COVID-19 и острым инфарктом миокарда</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Phenotypic composition of peripheral blood monocytes in young patients with COVID-19 and its association with the risk of acute myocardial infarction</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0212-0201</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Андриевская</surname><given-names>И. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Andrievskaya</surname><given-names>I. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Андриевская Ирина Анатольевна – доктор биологических наук, заведующая лабораторией механизмов этиопатогенеза и восстановительных процессов дыхательной системы при неспецифических заболеваниях лёгких.</p><p>675000, Благовещенск, ул. Калинина, 22</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Irina A. Andrievskaya – Dr. Sc. (Biol.), Head of the Laboratory of mechanisms of etiopathogenesis and recovery processes of the respiratory system in nonspecific lung diseases.</p><p>Kalinin Str., 22, Blagoveshchensk 675000</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">irina-andrievskaja@rambler.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0854-2990</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Шульга</surname><given-names>А. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Shulga</surname><given-names>A. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Шульга Андрей Сергеевич – врач-сердечно-сосудистый хирург, Клиника кардиохирургии Амурская ГМА; соискатель ученой степени кандидата наук, лаборатория механизмов этиопатогенеза и восстановительных процессов дыхательной системы при неспецифических заболеваниях легких ФГБНУ «Дальневосточный НЦФНПД».</p><p>675000, Благовещенск, ул. Калинина, 22; 675000, Благовещенск, ул. Горького, 95</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Andrey S. Shulga –cardiovascular surgeon of Cardiac Surgery Clinic, Amur SMA; applicant for the degree of Candidate of Science, Laboratory of Mechanisms of Etiopathogenesis and Recovery Processes of the Respiratory System at Non-Specific Lung Diseases, FESCP PR.</p><p>Kalinin Str., 22, Blagoveshchensk 675000; Gorky Str., 95, Blagoveshchensk 675000</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">mig2994@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8329-3237</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Лязгиян</surname><given-names>К. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Lyazgiyan</surname><given-names>K. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Лязгиян Карен Саргисович – врач-эндоскопист, младший научный сотрудник лаборатории механизмов этиопатогенеза и восстановительных процессов дыхательной системы при неспецифических заболеваниях лёгких.</p><p>675000, Благовещенск, ул. Калинина, 22</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Karen S. Lyazgyan –junior research officer at the Laboratory of Mechanisms of Etiopathogenesis and Recovery Processes of the Respiratory System in Nonspecific Lung Diseases.</p><p>Kalinin Str., 22, Blagoveshchensk 675000</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">lyazgiyankaren@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБНУ «Дальневосточный научный центр физиологии и патологии дыхания»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Far Eastern Scientific Center of Physiology and Pathology of Respiration</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБНУ «Дальневосточный научный центр физиологии и патологии дыхания»; ФГБОУ ВО «Амурская государственная медицинская академия» Министерства здравоохранения Российской Федерации</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Far Eastern Scientific Center of Physiology and Pathology of Respiration; Amur State Medical Academy of the Ministry of Healthcare of the Russian Federation</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2026</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>02</day><month>08</month><year>2026</year></pub-date><volume>11</volume><issue>3</issue><fpage>19</fpage><lpage>26</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Андриевская И.А., Шульга А.С., Лязгиян К.С., 2026</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2026</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Андриевская И.А., Шульга А.С., Лязгиян К.С.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Andrievskaya I.A., Shulga A.S., Lyazgiyan K.S.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.actabiomedica.ru/jour/article/view/6171">https://www.actabiomedica.ru/jour/article/view/6171</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Обоснование</title><p>Обоснование. COVID-19 ассоциирован с развитием системного воспаления, эндотелиальной дисфункцией и коагулопатией, что значительно повышает риск тромботических осложнений, включая острый инфаркт миокарда (ОИМ), в том числе у пациентов молодого возраста. Роль моноцитарно-макрофагального звена в механизмах развития данных осложнений остается недостаточно изученной.</p></sec><sec><title>Цель</title><p>Цель. Исследовать фенотипический состав моноцитов периферической крови у пациентов молодого возраста с COVID-19 и сочетанием COVID-19 и ОИМ. Методы. Проведено сравнительное одномоментное исследование с участием 223 пациентов мужского пола в возрасте 36,4 (31,2; 41,6) лет, из них 15 пациентов со среднетяжёлым течением COVID-19 и ОИМ (основная группа); 179 пациентов с COVID-19 средней степени тяжести без ОИМ (группа сравнения); 29 здоровых лиц (контрольная группа). Уровень экспрессии моноцитами CD14, HLA-DR, CD11b, CD206, CD32, TNFR1, TNFR2, CD68, TRAIL и TGFβ1 оценивали методом проточной цитометрии.</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты. У пациентов с COVID-19 выявлено достоверное снижение экспрессии моноцитами CD14 и HLA-DR относительно контрольной группы. Одновременно отмечено повышение уровней TNFR2, TRAIL, TGFβ1, CD206, CD68, CD32 и CD11b. При сочетании COVID-19 и ОИМ изменения были более выраженными, включая увеличение экспрессии TNFR1 по сравнению с контрольной группой. Сравнительный анализ показал, что у пациентов с COVID-19 и ОИМ уровни экспрессии TNFR1, TNFR2, TGFβ1, CD206 и TRAIL были значимо выше, чем у пациентов с COVID-19. При оценке взаимосвязи изменения параметров моноцитарного ответа с развитием ОИМ у пациентов с COVID-19 были выявлены значимые корреляции с CD14, HLA-DR, CD206, TNFR1, TNFR2, TRAIL и TGFβ1. ROC-анализ подтвердил прогностическую значимость HLA-DR, CD206, TRAIL и TGFβ1 как маркеров высокого риска ОИМ у пациентов с COVID-19.</p></sec><sec><title>Заключение</title><p>Заключение. COVID-19 инициирует изменение фенотипа моноцитов, приводя к формированию субпопуляции с иммуносупрессивными, провоспалительными и профибротическими свойствами, что повышает риск развития ОИМ.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Background</title><p>Background. COVID-19 is associated with systemic inflammation, endothelial dysfunction, and coagulopathy, significantly increasing the risk of thrombotic complications–including acute myocardial infarction (AMI) – including in young patients. The role of the monocyte–macrophage system in the pathogenesis of these complications remains insufficiently studied.</p></sec><sec><title>Aim</title><p>Aim. To investigate the phenotypic composition of peripheral blood monocytes in young patients with COVID-19 alone and in those with concomitant COVID-19 and AMI.</p></sec><sec><title>Methods</title><p>Methods. A comparative cross-sectional study included 223 male patients aged 36.4 (31.2; 41.6) years: 15 with moderate COVID-19 and AMI (main group), 179 with moderate COVID-19 without AMI (comparison group), and 29 healthy individuals (control group). Expression levels of CD14, HLA-DR, CD11b, CD206, CD32, TNFR1, TNFR2, CD68, TRAIL, and TGFβ1 on monocytes were assessed by flow cytometry.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results. In patients with COVID-19, monocyte expression of CD14 and HLA-DR was significantly reduced compared to controls, while expression of TNFR2, TRAIL, TGFβ1, CD206, CD68, CD32, and CD11b was elevated. These alterations were more pronounced in patients with both COVID-19 and AMI, including increased TNFR1 expression relative to controls. Comparative analysis revealed significantly higher expression levels of TNFR1, TNFR2, TGFβ1, CD206, and TRAIL in the main group versus the comparison group. Significant correlations were found between monocyte marker expression (CD14, HLA-DR, CD206, TNFR1, TNFR2, TRAIL, TGFβ1) and the development of AMI in patients with COVID-19. ROC analysis confirmed the prognostic value of HLA-DR, CD206, TRAIL, and TGFβ1 as markers of high AMI risk in this population.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusion</title><p>Conclusion. COVID-19 induces a phenotypic shift in monocytes toward an immunosuppressive, pro-inflammatory, and pro-fibrotic profile, thereby increasing the risk of AMI.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>COVID-19</kwd><kwd>острый инфаркт миокарда</kwd><kwd>моноциты</kwd><kwd>периферическая кровь</kwd><kwd>фенотипический состав</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>COVID-19</kwd><kwd>acute myocardial infarction</kwd><kwd>monocytes</kwd><kwd>peripheral blood</kwd><kwd>phenotypic composition</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Финансирование исследования осуществлялось за счёт средств федерального бюджета в рамках государственного задания ФНИ (№ государственной регистрации 122021800166-9)</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Del Prete A, Conway F, Della Rocca DG, Biondi-Zoccai G, De Felice F, Musto C, et al. 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