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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">actabiomedica</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Acta Biomedica Scientifica</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Acta Biomedica Scientifica</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2541-9420</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2587-9596</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Scientific Centre for Family Health and Human Reproduction Problems</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.29413/ABS.2026-11.2.13</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">actabiomedica-6056</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>МОРФОЛОГИЯ, ФИЗИОЛОГИЯ И ПАТОФИЗИОЛОГИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>MORPHOLOGY, PHYSIOLOGY AND PATHOPHYSIOLOGY</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Состав жирных кислот мембран митохондрий лейкоцитов крови при бронхиальной астме легкой и средней степени тяжести</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Fatty acids composition of blood leucocytes mitochondrial membranes in mild and moderate asthma</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3024-9873</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Кондратьева</surname><given-names>Е. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kondratyeva</surname><given-names>E. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Кондратьева Елена Викторовна – кандидат биологических наук, старший научный сотрудник лаборатории биомедицинских исследований.</p><p>690105, Владивосток, ул. Русская, 73 г.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Elena V. Kondratyeva – Cand. Sc. (Biol.), senior researcher of Biomedical Research Laboratory, Vladivostok Branch of Far Eastern Scientific Center of Physiology and Pathology of Respiration – Institute of Medical Climatology and Rehabilitative Treatment.</p><p>Russkaya str., 73g, 690105 Vladivostok</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">elena.v.kondratyeva@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2124-6328</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Колесников</surname><given-names>С. И.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kolesnikov</surname><given-names>S. I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Колесников Сергей Иванович – доктор медицинских наук, профессор, академик РАН, главный научный сотрудник.</p><p>664003, Иркутск, ул. Тимирязева, 16</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Sergey I. Kolesnikov – professor, member of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Chief scientist of Scientific Center for Family Health and Human Reproduction Problems.</p><p>Timiryazev str. 16, 664003 Irkutsk</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">sikolesnikov2012@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1009-9011</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Виткина</surname><given-names>Т. И.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Vitkina</surname><given-names>T. I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Виткина Татьяна Исааковна – доктор биологических наук, заведующая лабораторией медицинской экологии и рекреационных ресурсов.</p><p>690105, Владивосток, ул. Русская, 73 г.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Tatyana I. Vitkina –Dr. Sc. (Biol.), Professor of the RAS, Head of Medical Ecology and Recreational Resources Laboratory, Vladivostok Branch of Far Eastern Scientific Center of Physiology and Pathology of Respiration – Institute of Medical Climatology and Rehabilitative Treatment.</p><p>Russkaya str., 73g, 690105 Vladivostok</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">tash30@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Владивостокский филиал ФГБНУ «Дальневосточный научный центр физиологии и патологии дыхания» – Научно-исследовательский институт медицинской климатологии и восстановительного лечения</institution></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Vladivostok Branch of Far Eastern Scientific Center of Physiology and Pathology of Respiration – Research Institute of Medical Climatology and Rehabilitation Treatment</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБНУ «Научный центр проблем здоровья семьи и репродукции человека»</institution></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Scientific Сenter for Family Health and Human Reproduction Problems</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2026</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>27</day><month>05</month><year>2026</year></pub-date><volume>11</volume><issue>2</issue><fpage>129</fpage><lpage>136</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Кондратьева Е.В., Колесников С.И., Виткина Т.И., 2026</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2026</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Кондратьева Е.В., Колесников С.И., Виткина Т.И.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Kondratyeva E.V., Kolesnikov S.I., Vitkina T.I.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.actabiomedica.ru/jour/article/view/6056">https://www.actabiomedica.ru/jour/article/view/6056</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Актуальность</title><p>Актуальность. Системное воспаление при бронхиальной астме (БА) ассоциировано с функциональными изменениями субклеточных структур, в том числе митохондрий. Поэтому исследование митохондриальных структур является важным для понимания патофизиологических механизмов формирования и прогрессирования БА. Функциональная активность митохондрий во многом зависит от качественного и количественного состава жирных кислот (ЖК) митохондриальной мембраны.</p></sec><sec><title>Цель</title><p>Цель. Установление особенностей состава жирных кислот мембран митохондрий лейкоцитов крови при БА легкой и средней степени тяжести.</p></sec><sec><title>Материалы и методы</title><p>Материалы и методы. В исследование включены 244 больных БА (131 с легкой и 113 со средней степенью тяжести) и 60 условно здоровых лиц. Лейкоцитарную взвесь получали методом центрифугирования на градиенте плотности фиколл-верографин. Митохондрии из лейкоцитов выделяли стандартным методом дифференциального центрифугирования в сахарозной среде. Метиловые эфиры ЖК анализировали на газовом хроматографе. Статистическая обработка результатов производилась в программе «STATISTICA 10.0». Критический уровень значимости (p) при проверке статистических гипотез принимался при p &lt; 0,05.</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты. При легкой БА (контролируемого и частично контролируемого течения) и при средней БА контролируемого течения на фоне снижения суммы насыщенных ЖК происходит компенсаторное возрастание суммарных показателей моноеновых (МЖК) и n-6 полиненасыщенных ЖК (ПНЖК). При частично контролируемой БА средней степени тяжести наблюдается срыв компенсаторных возможностей, что проявляется в снижении суммарного содержания МЖК и n-6 ПНЖК. Это может свидетельствовать как о развитии патологических процессов, лежащих в основе БА, так и об активации компенсаторных механизмов.</p></sec><sec><title>Заключение</title><p>Заключение. При бронхиальной астме установлены изменения состава жирных кислот мембран митохондрий в зависимости от степени тяжести и уровня контроля заболевания. Модификация состава жирных кислот митохондрий может являться важным критерием для оценки прогрессирования БА.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Relevance</title><p>Relevance. Systemic inflammation in bronchial asthma (BA) is associated with functional changes in subcellular structures, including mitochondria. Therefore, the study of mitochondrial structures is important for understanding the pathophysiological mechanisms of BA formation and progression. The functional activity of mitochondria largely depends on the qualitative and quantitative composition of fatty acids (FAs) of the mitochondrial membrane.</p></sec><sec><title>Objective</title><p>Objective. Establishing the characteristics of the FA composition of the mitochondrial membranes of blood leukocytes in patients with mild and moderate severity of bronchial asthma.</p></sec><sec><title>Materials and methods</title><p>Materials and methods. The study involved 244 patients with BA (131 with mild and 113 with moderate severity) and 60 conditionally healthy individuals. The leukocyte suspension was obtained by Ficoll–Verografin density gradient centrifugation. Mitochondria were isolated from leukocytes by the standard method of differential centrifugation in sucrose medium. Methyl esters of FA were analyzed employing a gas chromatograph. Statistical processing of the results was performed using the STATISTICA 10.0 software package. The critical significance level (p) for testing statistical hypotheses was assumed at p &lt; 0.05.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results. With mild BA (of controlled and partially controlled course of disease) and with moderate BA of controlled course of disease, a compensatory increase in the summary indicators of monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFAs) and n-6 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) occurs against the background of a decrease in the amount of saturated fatty acids (SFAs). With partially controlled BA of moderate severity, a breakdown in compensatory capabilities occurs, which is manifested in a decrease in the summary content of MUFAs and n-6 PUFAs. This may indicate both the development of pathological processes underlying BA and the activation of compensatory mechanisms at early stages of the disease.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusions</title><p>Conclusions. Changes in the composition of fatty acids of mitochondrial membranes have been revealed in BA depending on the severity and level of disease control. Modification of the mitochondrial fatty acids composition may be an important criterion for assessing the progression of BA.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>бронхиальная астма</kwd><kwd>жирные кислоты</kwd><kwd>митохондрии</kwd><kwd>лейкоциты</kwd><kwd>мембраны</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>asthma</kwd><kwd>fatty acids</kwd><kwd>mitochondria</kwd><kwd>leukocytes</kwd><kwd>membranes</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Министерство науки и образования Российской Федерации, госзадание «Патогенетические механизмы заболеваний респираторной системы и коморбидных состояний» (№ госрегистрации 124040100032-3).</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Farraia M, Cavaleiro Rufo J, Paciência I, Castro Mendes F, Delgado L, Laerte Boechat J, et al. Metabolic interactions in asthma. 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