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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">actabiomedica</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Acta Biomedica Scientifica</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Acta Biomedica Scientifica</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2541-9420</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2587-9596</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Scientific Centre for Family Health and Human Reproduction Problems</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.29413/ABS.2026-11.1.9</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">actabiomedica-5908</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>МИКРОБИОЛОГИЯ И ВИРУСОЛОГИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>MICROBIOLOGY AND VIRUSOLOGY</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Характеристика генетической вариабельности вируса клещевого энцефалита в Эхирит-Булагатском районе Иркутской области</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Characteristics of genetic variability of tick-borne encephalitis virus in the Ekhirit-Bulagatsky district of the Irkutsk region</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Белова</surname><given-names>К. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Belova</surname><given-names>K. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Белова Кристина Александровна - лаборант-исследователь лаборатории молекулярной эпидемиологии и генетической диагностики.</p><p>664003, Иркутск, ул. Тимирязева, 16</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Kristina A. Belova - laboratory research assistant at the Laboratory of molecular epidemiology and genetic diagnostics, Scientific Centre for Family Health and Human Reproduction Problems.</p><p>Timiryazev str., 16, Irkutsk 664003</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">belochka_jimby@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8209-616X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Дорощенко</surname><given-names>Е. К.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Doroschenko</surname><given-names>E. K.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Дорощенко Елена Константиновна - кандидат биологических наук, научный сотрудник лаборатории молекулярной эпидемиологии и генетической диагностики.</p><p>664003, Иркутск, ул. Тимирязева, 16</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Elena K. Doroshchenko - Cand. Sc. (Biol.), research officer at the Laboratory of molecular epidemiology and genetic diagnostics, Scientific Centre for Family Health and Human Reproduction Problems.</p><p>Timiryazev str., 16, Irkutsk 664003</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">doroshchenko-virus@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7767-380X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ткачев</surname><given-names>С. Е.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Tkachev</surname><given-names>S. E.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Ткачёв Сергей Евгеньевич - кандидат биологических наук, доцент, ведущий научный сотрудник, руководитель научно-исследовательской лаборатории «Молекулярная вирусология».</p><p>420012, Казань, ул. К. Маркса, 74</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Sergey E. Tkachev - Cand. Sc. (Biol.), senior research scientist, Head of Research Laboratory «Molecular Virology», associate professor of the Department of Genetics, Institute of Fundamental Medicine and Biology, Kazan Federal University.</p><p>Karl Marx str., 74, Kazan 420012</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">sergey.e.tkachev@gmail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6292-6560</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Шигапова</surname><given-names>Л. Х.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Shigapova</surname><given-names>L. Kh.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Шигапова Лейля Хуззатовна - старший научный сотрудник научно-исследовательской лаборатории «Регуляторная геномика».</p><p>420012, Казань, ул. К. Маркса, 74</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Leilya Kh. Shigapova - senior research assistant of Research Laboratory “Regulatory Genomics”, Institute of Fundamental Medicine and Biology, Kazan Federal University.</p><p>Karl Marx str., 74, Kazan 420012</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">shi-leyla@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2222-4518</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Арефьева</surname><given-names>Н. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Arefieva</surname><given-names>N. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Арефьева Надежда Александровна - младший научный сотрудник лаборатории молекулярной эпидемиологии и генетической диагностики.</p><p>664003, Иркутск, ул. Тимирязева, 16</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Nadezhda A. Arefieva - junior researcher at the Laboratory of molecular epidemiology and genetic diagnostics, Scientific Centre for Family Health and Human Reproduction Problems.</p><p>Timiryazev str., 16, Irkutsk 664003</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">arefieva.n4@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4057-2890</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Сунцова</surname><given-names>О. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Suntsova</surname><given-names>O. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Сунцова Ольга Владимировна - кандидат биологических наук, научный сотрудник лаборатории молекулярной эпидемиологии и генетической диагностики.</p><p>664003, Иркутск, ул. Тимирязева, 16</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Olga V. Suntsova - Cand. Sc. (Biol.), Research Officer at the Laboratory of molecular epidemiology and genetic diagnostics, Scientific Centre for Family Health and Human Reproduction Problems.</p><p>Timiryazev str., 16, Irkutsk 664003</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">olga_syntsova@list.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3909-7551</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Лисак</surname><given-names>О. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Lisak</surname><given-names>O. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Лисак Оксана Васильевна - младший научный сотрудник лаборатории молекулярной эпидемиологии и генетической диагностики.</p><p>664003, Иркутск, ул. Тимирязева, 16</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Oksana V. Lisak - junior research officer at the Laboratory of molecular epidemiology and genetic diagnostics, Scientific Centre for Family Health and Human Reproduction Problems.</p><p>Timiryazev str., 16, Irkutsk 664003</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">lisak.liza@rambler.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2339-261X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Шагимарданова</surname><given-names>Е. И.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Shagimardanova</surname><given-names>E. I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Шагимарданова Елена Ильясовна - кандидат биологических наук, биолог.</p><p>111123, Москва, ул. Новогиреевская, 1</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Elena I. Shagimardanova - Cand. Sc. (Biol.), biologist of the Moscow Clinical Scientific Center of Personalized Medicine named after Loginov.</p><p>Novogireevskaya str., 1, Moscow 111123</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">rjuka@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6324-8746</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Козлова</surname><given-names>И. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kozlova</surname><given-names>I. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Козлова Ирина Валерьевна - доктор медицинских наук, руководитель лаборатории молекулярной эпидемиологии и генетической диагностики.</p><p>664003, Иркутск, ул. Тимирязева, 16</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Irina V. Kozlova - Dr. Sc. (Med.), head of the Laboratory of molecular epidemiology and genetic diagnostics, Scientific Centre for Family Health and Human Reproduction Problems.</p><p>Timiryazev str., 16, Irkutsk 664003</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">diwerhoz@rambler.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБНУ «Научный центр проблем здоровья семьи и репродукции человека»</institution></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Scientific Сentre for Family Health and Human Reproduction Problems</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Институт фундаментальной медицины и биологии Казанского федерального университета</institution></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Institute of Fundamental Medicine and Biology, Kazan Federal University</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-3"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Центр персонализированной медицины ГБУЗ Московский Клинический Научный Центр им. Логинова</institution></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Moscow Clinical Scientific Center of Personalized Medicine named after Loginov</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2026</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>26</day><month>03</month><year>2026</year></pub-date><volume>11</volume><issue>1</issue><fpage>100</fpage><lpage>116</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Белова К.А., Дорощенко Е.К., Ткачев С.Е., Шигапова Л.Х., Арефьева Н.А., Сунцова О.В., Лисак О.В., Шагимарданова Е.И., Козлова И.В., 2026</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2026</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Белова К.А., Дорощенко Е.К., Ткачев С.Е., Шигапова Л.Х., Арефьева Н.А., Сунцова О.В., Лисак О.В., Шагимарданова Е.И., Козлова И.В.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Belova K.A., Doroschenko E.K., Tkachev S.E., Shigapova L.K., Arefieva N.A., Suntsova O.V., Lisak O.V., Shagimardanova E.I., Kozlova I.V.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.actabiomedica.ru/jour/article/view/5908">https://www.actabiomedica.ru/jour/article/view/5908</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Обоснование</title><p>Обоснование. Эхирит-Булагатский район Иркутской области является единственной территорией в мире, где зафиксирована одновременная циркуляция всех известных субтипов вируса клещевого энцефалита (ВКЭ), за исключением гималайского. Своеобразие экологии данного района обосновывает его выбор в качестве модели для изучения влияния экологических факторов на формирование гетерогенной вирусной популяции, а генетическая вариабельность циркулирующего на его территории ВКЭ заслуживает более детального описания.</p></sec><sec><title>Цель</title><p>Цель. Характеристика генетического разнообразия ВКЭ, циркулирующего на территории Эхирит-Булагатского района Иркутской области.</p></sec><sec><title>Материалы и методы</title><p>Материалы и методы. Исследовано 39 штаммов ВКЭ из коллекции ФГБНУ НЦ ПЗСРЧ, выделенных из различных источников на территории Эхирит-Булагатского района. Для генотипирования штаммов использован комплекс молекулярно-генетических методов (МГНК, секвенирование по Сэнгеру, NGS).</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты. На основе анализа кодирующих последовательностей генома подтверждена циркуляция на территории Эхирит-Булагатского района четырех субтипов ВКЭ (сибирский, дальневосточный, европейский, байкальский) и выявлен штамм 178-79 с оригинальной генетической структурой. Показаны различия генотипического состава ВКЭ, изолированного от иксодовых клещей и мелких млекопитающих, обитающих в различных типах ландшафта. Сделано предположение о важной роли таежных клещей в отборе сибирского субтипа вируса. Высказана гипотеза о том, что длительная совместная циркуляция сразу нескольких субтипов ВКЭ на одной территории создает предпосылки для появления штаммов с «мозаичной» генетической структурой. Проведен сравнительный анализ геномов штаммов из Эхирит-Булагатского района и других районов Иркутской области. Выявлены уникальные аминокислотные замены в структурных и неструктурных белках вируса, характерные для штаммов из изучаемого района.</p></sec><sec><title>Заключение</title><p>Заключение. Доказано, что Эхирит-Булагатский район является уникальным с точки зрения генетической вариабельности ВКЭ, которая характеризуется широким спектром циркулирующих субтипов и наличием оригинальных генотипических аминокислотных замен внутри каждого из выявленных субтипов.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Background</title><p>Background. The Ekhirit-Bulagatsky district of the Irkutsk region is the only area in the world where the simultaneous circulation of all known tick-borne encephalitis virus (TBEV) subtypes, with the exception of the Himalayan subtype, has been documented. The unique ecology of this region justifies its selection as a model for studying the influence of environmental factors on the formation of a heterogeneous viral population, and the genetic variability of TBEV circulating in this area merits a more detailed description.</p></sec><sec><title>The aim</title><p>The aim. To characterize the genetic diversity of tick-borne encephalitis virus circulating in the Ekhirit-Bulagatsky district of the Irkutsk region.</p></sec><sec><title>Materials and Methods</title><p>Materials and Methods. Thirty-nine TBEV strains from the collection of the Scientific Centre for Family Health and Human Reproduction Problems isolated from various sources in the Ekhirit-Bulagatsky district were analyzed. A combination of molecular genetic methods (MHNA, Sanger sequencing, and NGS) was used for strain genotyping.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results. Based on genome coding sequence analysis, the circulation of four TBEV subtypes (Siberian, Far Eastern, European, and Baikalian) in the Ekhirit-Bulagatsky district was confirmed, and strain 178-79 with an original genetic structure was identified. The differences in TBEV genotypic composition depending on the landscape type and the source of isolation were demonstrated. An assumption was made about the important role of taiga ticks in the selection of the Siberian subtype of the virus. It was hypothesized that the long-term co-circulation of several TBEV subtypes in one area creates the preconditions for the emergence of strains with a “mosaic” genetic structure. A comparative analysis of the genomes of strains from the Ekhirit-Bulagatsky district and other districts of the Irkutsk region was conducted. The unique amino acid substitutions in the structural and non-structural virus proteins, characteristic of strains from the studied district, were identified.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusion</title><p>Conclusion. The Ekhirit-Bulagatsky district has been proven to be unique in terms of TBEV genetic variability, characterized by a wide range of circulating subtypes and the presence of unique genotypic amino acid substitutions within each identified subtype.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>вирус клещевого энцефалита</kwd><kwd>генотипирование</kwd><kwd>субтип</kwd><kwd>генетическая вариабельность</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>tick-borne encephalitis virus</kwd><kwd>genotyping</kwd><kwd>subtype</kwd><kwd>genetic variability</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Исследование выполнено в рамках государственного задания № 126020216227-3 (молекулярно-генетический и филогеографический анализ данных), проекта повышения качества (Quality Improvement) № 65238411 компании Пфайзер (Pfizer) (разработка и оптимизация метода высокопроизводительного секвенирования ВКЭ) и программы стратегического академического лидерства Казанского федерального университета (Приоритет-2030) (высокопроизводительное секвенирование штаммов ВКЭ).</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Taxon details. 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