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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">actabiomedica</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Acta Biomedica Scientifica</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Acta Biomedica Scientifica</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2541-9420</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2587-9596</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Scientific Centre for Family Health and Human Reproduction Problems</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.29413/ABS.2026-11.1.16</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">actabiomedica-5901</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ПСИХОЛОГИЯ И ПСИХИАТРИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>PSYCHOLOGY AND PSYCHIATRY</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Формирование кинетической организации движений в онтогенезе у городских и сельских детей</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Formation of kinetic organization of movements in ontogenesis in urban and rural children</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6243-9391</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Поляков</surname><given-names>В. М.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Polyakov</surname><given-names>V. M.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Поляков Владимир Матвеевич - доктор биологических наук, ведущий научный сотрудник лаборатории психонейросоматической патологии детского возраста.</p><p>664003, Иркутск, ул. Тимирязева, 16</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Vladimir M. Polyakov - Dr. Sc. (Biol.), Leading Research Officer at the Laboratory of Psychoneurosomatic Children's Pathology, Scientific Centre for Family Health and Human Reproduction Problems.</p><p>Timiryazev str., 16, Irkutsk 664003</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">vmpolyakov@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0117-2563</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Рычкова</surname><given-names>Л. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Rychkova</surname><given-names>L. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Рычкова Любовь Владимировна - доктор медицинских наук, профессор, член-корреспондент РАН, директор ФГБНУ «НЦ ПЗСРЧ».</p><p>664003, Иркутск, ул. Тимирязева, 16</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Lyubov V. Rychkova - Dr. Sc. (Med.), professor, Corresponding Member of the RAS, Director, Scientific Centre for Family Health and Human Reproduction Problems.</p><p>Timiryazev str., 16, Irkutsk 664003</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">iphr@sbamsr.irk.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8236-1747</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Прохорова</surname><given-names>Ж. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Prokhorova</surname><given-names>Zh. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Прохорова Жанна Владимировна - кандидат биологических наук, заведующая лабораторией психонейросоматической патологии детского возраста.</p><p>664003, Иркутск, ул. Тимирязева, 16</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Zhanna V. Prokhorova - Cand. Sc. (Med.), Head of the Laboratory of Psychoneurosomatic Children's Pathology, Scientific Centre for Family Health and Human Reproduction Problems.</p><p>Timiryazev str., 16, Irkutsk 664003</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">proxorowa.janna2011@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0361-2868</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Вотинева</surname><given-names>А. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Votineva</surname><given-names>A. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Вотинева Анастасия Сергеевна - младший научный сотрудник лаборатории психонейросоматической патологии детского возраста.</p><p>664003, Иркутск, ул. Тимирязева, 16</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Anastasiya S. Votineva - junior Research Officer at the Laboratory of Psychoneurosomatic Children's Pathology, Scientific Centre for Family Health and Human Reproduction Problems.</p><p>Timiryazev str., 16, Irkutsk 664003</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">votinevaas@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5328-8525</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Черевикова</surname><given-names>И. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Cherevikova</surname><given-names>I. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Черевикова Ирина Александровна - младший научный сотрудник лаборатории психонейросоматической патологии детского возраста.</p><p>664003, Иркутск, ул. Тимирязева, 16</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Irina A. Cherevikova - junior Research Officer at the Laboratory of Psychoneurosomatic Children's Pathology, Scientific Center for Family Health and Human Reproduction Problems.</p><p>Timiryazev str., 16, Irkutsk 664003</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">gothic.craze@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБНУ «Научный центр проблем здоровья семьи и репродукции человека»</institution></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Scientific Centre for Family Health and Human Reproduction Problems</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2026</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>26</day><month>03</month><year>2026</year></pub-date><volume>11</volume><issue>1</issue><fpage>175</fpage><lpage>187</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Поляков В.М., Рычкова Л.В., Прохорова Ж.В., Вотинева А.С., Черевикова И.А., 2026</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2026</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Поляков В.М., Рычкова Л.В., Прохорова Ж.В., Вотинева А.С., Черевикова И.А.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Polyakov V.M., Rychkova L.V., Prokhorova Z.V., Votineva A.S., Cherevikova I.A.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.actabiomedica.ru/jour/article/view/5901">https://www.actabiomedica.ru/jour/article/view/5901</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Введение</title><p>Введение. Движения влияют на развитие ребенка на протяжении всей его жизни. С их помощью реализуются потребности в игре, общении, обучении. Индивидуальные различия в формировании движений связаны со многими факторами, в том числе и с влиянием среды. Однако до конца не изучено, как среда и популяционное окружение ребенка влияют на разнообразные характеристики двигательной функции.</p></sec><sec><title>Цель</title><p>Цель. Выявить различия в развитии кинетического компонента произвольных движений у детей в зависимости от среды обитания и популяционного окружения.</p></sec><sec><title>Материалы и методы</title><p>Материалы и методы. В рамках комплексного скринингового нейропсихологического исследования обследовано 2253 ребенка 4-10 лет, из них 1362 проживало в городах и 891 в сельской местности Восточной Сибири. Для изучения кинетического аспекта движений применялись хорошо адаптированные методики: пробы на реципрокную координацию движений и динамический праксис. Результаты выполнения проб оценивались по пятибалльной шкале.</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты. В работе впервые были проанализированы особенности развития кинетической организации движения в популяции городских и сельских детей в процессе онтогенеза. В 4 года, когда кинетическая организация произвольных движений еще полностью не сформирована, заметных различий между городскими и сельскими детьми не отмечалось. Но после 5 лет городская популяция приобретает постоянное преимущество в развитии кинетических составляющих произвольных движений. Начало школьного обучения не оказывало существенного влияния на характер динамики этого процесса, то есть существует гетерохрония в развитии произвольной кинетической составляющей двигательной функции на уровне популяции.</p></sec><sec><title>Заключение</title><p>Заключение. Можно предположить разную степень созревания префронтальных двигательных систем мозга и интенсивность развития передних отделов мозолистого тела в процессе онтогенеза в разных популяциях детей. При этом городская среда стимулирует преимущественное развитие кинетического фактора в структуре произвольного движения по сравнению с другими аспектами двигательной функции.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Introduction</title><p>Introduction. Movements influence child development throughout of life. Through movement, needs for play, communication, and learning are realized. Individual differences in movement formation are associated with many factors, including environmental influence. However, how the environment and population setting of a child affect various characteristics of motor function has not been fully studied.</p></sec><sec><title>The aim</title><p>The aim. To identify differences in the development of the kinetic component of voluntary movements in children depending on their habitat and population environment.</p></sec><sec><title>Materials and methods</title><p>Materials and methods. As part of a comprehensive screening neuropsychological study, 2253 children aged 4-10 years were examined, of whom 1362 lived in cities and 891 in rural areas of Eastern Siberia. Well-adapted methods were used to study the kinetic aspect of movements: tests for reciprocal coordination of movements and dynamic praxis. Test performance results were evaluated using a five-point scale.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results. This study was the first to analyze the developmental features of kinetic organization of movement in populations of urban and rural children during ontogenesis. At age 4, when kinetic organization of voluntary movements is not yet fully formed, no notable differences between urban and rural children were observed. However, after age 5, the urban population acquired a consistent advantage in developing kinetic components of voluntary movements. The onset of school education did not significantly influence the dynamics of this process, indicating heterochrony in the development of the voluntary kinetic component of motor function at the population level.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusion</title><p>Conclusion. Different degrees of maturation of prefrontal motor brain systems and varying intensity of development of anterior corpus callosum regions during ontogenesis in different child populations can be assumed. Urban environments stimulate preferential development of the kinetic factor in the structure of voluntary movement compared to other aspects of motor function.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>праксис</kwd><kwd>кинетический фактор</kwd><kwd>городские и сельские дети</kwd><kwd>среда</kwd><kwd>популяции</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>praxis</kwd><kwd>kinetic factor</kwd><kwd>urban and rural children</kwd><kwd>environment</kwd><kwd>populations</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Исследование выполнено в рамках государственной темы № 121022500178-3 «Ключевые закономерности и механизмы формирования нарушений здоровья детей и подростков как основа персонализированного подхода к диагностике, лечению и профилактике в современной педиатрии».</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Gonzalez CLR, Van Rootselaar NA, Gibb RL. 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