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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">actabiomedica</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Acta Biomedica Scientifica</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Acta Biomedica Scientifica</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2541-9420</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2587-9596</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Scientific Centre for Family Health and Human Reproduction Problems</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.29413/ABS.2026-11.1.5</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">actabiomedica-5886</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>АКУШЕРСТВО И ГИНЕКОЛОГИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>OBSTETRICS AND GYNAECOLOGY</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Сравнительная характеристика экспериментальных моделей развития церебральных осложнений при преэклампсии (обзор литературы)</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Comparative characteristics of experimental models of the cerebral complications development in preeclampsia (literature review)</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6223-8888</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Таскина</surname><given-names>Е. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Taskina</surname><given-names>E. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Таскина Елизавета Сергеевна - кандидат медицинских наук, доцент, доцент кафедры офтальмологии.</p><p>672000, Чита, ул. Горького, 39а</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Elizaveta S. Taskina - Cand. Sc. (Med.), Associate Professor, Associate Professor at the Department of Ophthalmology, Chita State Medical Academy.</p><p>Gorkiy str., 39a, Chita 672000</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">taskins@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0975-2351</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Цыбиков</surname><given-names>Н. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Tsybikov</surname><given-names>N. N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Цыбиков Намжил Нанзатович - доктор медицинских наук, профессор, заведующий кафедрой патологической физиологии.</p><p>672000, Чита, ул. Горького, 39а</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Namzhil N. Tsybikov - Dr. Sc. (Med.), Professor, Head of the Department of Pathological Physiology, Chita State Medical Academy.</p><p>Gorkiy str., 39a, Chita 672000</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">thybikov@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4390-183X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Кибалина</surname><given-names>И. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kibalina</surname><given-names>I. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Кибалина Ирина Владимировна - доктор медицинских наук, доцент, директор НИИ Молекулярной медицины, заведующий кафедрой нормальной физиологии имени профессора Б.И. Кузника.</p><p>672000, Чита, ул. Горького, 39а</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Irina V. Kibalina - Dr. Sc. (Med.), Associate Professor, Director of the Research Institute of Molecular Medicine, Head of the Department of Normal Physiology named after Professor B.I. Kuznik, Chita State Medical Academy.</p><p>Gorkiy str., 39a, Chita 672000</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">physiology_chgma@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5961-5400</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Мудров</surname><given-names>В. A.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Mudrov</surname><given-names>V. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Мудров Виктор Андреевич - доктор медицинских наук, доцент, профессор кафедры акушерства и гинекологии педиатрического факультета и факультета дополнительного профессионального образования.</p><p>672000, Чита, ул. Горького, 39а</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Viktor A. Mudrov - Dr. Sc. (Med.), Associate Professor, Professor of the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Pediatrics and Faculty of Additional Professional Education, Chita State Medical Academy.</p><p>Gorkiy str., 39a, Chita 672000</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">mudrov_viktor@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6690-7391</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Давыдов</surname><given-names>С. О.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Davydov</surname><given-names>S. O.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Давыдов Сергей Олегович - доктор медицинских наук, Заслуженный врач РФ, профессор кафедры травматологии и ортопедии.</p><p>672000, Чита, ул. Горького, 39а</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Sergey O. Davydov - Dr. Sc. (Med.), Honored Doctor of the Russian Federation, Professor of the Department of Traumatology and Orthopedics, Chita State Medical Academy.</p><p>Gorkiy str., 39a, Chita 672000</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">davydov-so@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБОУ ВО «Читинская государственная медицинская академия» Минздрава РФ</institution></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Chita State Medical Academy</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2026</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>26</day><month>03</month><year>2026</year></pub-date><volume>11</volume><issue>1</issue><fpage>50</fpage><lpage>62</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Таскина Е.С., Цыбиков Н.Н., Кибалина И.В., Мудров В.A., Давыдов С.О., 2026</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2026</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Таскина Е.С., Цыбиков Н.Н., Кибалина И.В., Мудров В.A., Давыдов С.О.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Taskina E.S., Tsybikov N.N., Kibalina I.V., Mudrov V.A., Davydov S.O.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.actabiomedica.ru/jour/article/view/5886">https://www.actabiomedica.ru/jour/article/view/5886</self-uri><abstract><p>Преэклампсия — мультисистемное осложнение беременности и служит одной из основных причин материнской заболеваемости и смертности во всем мире. Церебральные осложнения, включающие синдром задней обратимой энцефалопатии (Posterior Reversible Encephalopathy Syndrome, PRES), эклампсию и инсульт, являются жизнеугрожающими состояниями для матери, требующими углубленного изучения. В то время как диагностические критерии преэклампсии появляются после 20 недель беременности, исходные патогенетические механизмы формируются намного раньше. Клинические исследования имеют очевидные ограничения по определению роли триггерных факторов преэклампсии. Предложенные доклинические модели на животных позволяют воспроизвести отдельные звенья патогенеза преэклампсии, сопровождающиеся развитием характерных клинических симптомов.</p><p>Проведен систематический анализ современной литературы, посвященной описанию экспериментальных моделей развития церебральных осложнений при преэклампсии, с использованием информационных баз PubMed, Scopus, MEDLINE, Cochrane Library и eLibrary за период с января 2005 г. по март 2025 г. Стратегия поиска включала комбинации ключевых слов: «преэклампсия», «патогенез», «экспериментальные модели», «отек головного мозга», «синдром задней обратимой энцефалопатии». Первоначальный поиск дал 1236 результатов. После удаления дубликатов и скрининга по критериям включения (оригинальность, релевантность теме, доступность) для детального анализа было отобрано 50 публикаций. В данном обзоре сравниваются различные доклинические модели преэклампсии по их клинической релевантности и способности воспроизводить PRES. Описаны патогенетические механизмы развития церебральных нарушений наиболее широко изученных экспериментальных моделей, основанных на ангиогенном дисбалансе, плацентарной ишемии, а также ингибировании эндотелиальной синтазы оксида азота. Представлены преимущества и недостатки каждого метода моделирования гипертензивных расстройств во время беременности с учетом PRES-релевантности. Отдельно описаны PRES-модели, включающие некоторые гипертензивные и комбинированные модели. Хотя преэклампсия - патология, присущая исключительно человеку, экспериментальные модели на животных играют ключевую роль в исследовании патофизиологии этого осложнения беременности и остаются важным инструментом для разработки новых методов диагностики и терапии.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Preeclampsia is a multisystem complication of pregnancy and is one of the leading causes of maternal morbidity and mortality worldwide. Cerebral complications, including Posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome (PRES), eclampsia and stroke, are life-threatening conditions for the mother that require in-depth study. While diagnostic criteria for preeclampsia appear after 20 weeks of pregnancy, the initial pathogenetic mechanisms are formed much earlier. Clinical studies have obvious limitations in determining the role of trigger factors in the development and progression of preeclampsia. The proposed preclinical animal models make it possible to reproduce individual links in the pathogenesis of preeclampsia, accompanied by the development of characteristic clinical symptoms. The purpose of this review is to analyze publications describing experimental models of the cerebral complications development in preeclampsia. A systematic analysis of modern literature was carried out using the information databases PubMed, Scopus, MEDLINE, Cochrane Library and eLibrary for the period from January 2005 to March 2025. The search strategy included combinations of keywords: “preeclampsia”, “pathogenesis”, “experimental models”, “cerebral edema”, “posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome”. The initial search gave 1236 results. After removing duplicates and screening according to inclusion criteria (originality, relevance to the topic, accessibility), 50 publications were selected for detailed analysis. This review compares various preclinical models of preeclampsia in terms of their clinical relevance and ability to reproduce PRES. The pathogenetic mechanisms of cerebral disorders in the most widely studied experimental models based on angiogenic imbalance, placental ischemia, and inhibition of endothelial nitric oxide synthase are described. The advantages and disadvantages of each method of modeling hypertensive disorders during pregnancy are presented, taking into account PRES-relevance. PRES models are described separately, including some hypertensive models and combined models. Although preeclampsia is a pathology unique to humans, experimental animal models play a key role in investigating the pathophysiology of this pregnancy complication and remain an important tool for developing new diagnostic and therapeutic methods.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>преэклампсия</kwd><kwd>экспериментальные модели</kwd><kwd>отек головного мозга</kwd><kwd>синдром задней обратимой энцефалопатии</kwd><kwd>гипертензивные расстройства во время беременности</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>preeclampsia</kwd><kwd>experimental models</kwd><kwd>cerebral edema</kwd><kwd>posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome</kwd><kwd>hypertensive disorders during pregnancy</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Wu P, Green M, Myers JE. Hypertensive disorders of pregnancy. 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