actabiomedicaActa Biomedica ScientificaActa Biomedica Scientifica2541-94202587-9596Scientific Centre for Family Health and Human Reproduction Problems10.29413/ABS.2018-3.3.9actabiomedica-585Research ArticleАКУШЕРСТВО И ГИНЕКОЛОГИЯOBSTETRICS AND GYNAECOLOGYИзучение употребления алкоголя беременными и небеременными женщинами в РоссииAlcohol consumption among pregnant and non-pregnant women in Russia: evidence for preventionБалашоваТ. Н.BalachovaT. N.Tatiana-Balachova@ouhsc.eduИсуринаГ. Л.IsurinaG. L.gisurina@yandex.ruСкитневскаяЛ. В.SkitnevskayaL. V.l.skitnevskaya@yandex.ruБардД. ..BardD.David-Bard@ouhsc.eduЦветковаЛ. А.TsvetkovaL. A.larac@mail.ruВолковаЕ. Н.VolkovaE. N.envolkova@yandex.ruБоннерВ. ..BonnerB. L.Barbara-Bonner@ouhsc.eduUniversity of Oklahoma Health Sciences CenterRussian FederationSt. Petersburg UniversityRussian FederationKozma Minin Nizhny Novgorod State Pedagogical University - Minin UniversityRussian FederationHerzen State Pedagogical University of RussiaRussian Federation201828052018335968Copyright © Балашова Т.Н., Исурина Г.Л., Скитневская Л.В., Бард Д..., Цветкова Л.А., Волкова Е.Н., Боннер В..., 20182018Балашова Т.Н., Исурина Г.Л., Скитневская Л.В., Бард Д..., Цветкова Л.А., Волкова Е.Н., Боннер В...Balachova T.N., Isurina G.L., Skitnevskaya L.V., Bard D., Tsvetkova L.A., Volkova E.N., Bonner B.L.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://www.actabiomedica.ru/jour/article/view/585

Россия имеет один из самых высоких уровней употребления алкоголя в мире и всё более опасный уровень употребления алкоголя молодыми женщинами. Внутриутробное воздействие алкоголя связано с неблагоприятными исходами беременности и фетальным алкогольным спектром нарушений у детей. Цель исследования: оценка распространённости употребления алкоголя, а также риска влияния алкоголя на беременность у женщин репродуктивного возраста. Материалы и методы. Исследование проводилось на базе женских консультаций двух регионов России: Нижегородская область и Санкт-Петербург. С помощью скрининга в исследование было отобрано 648 женщин детородного возраста. Все участницы исследования прошли очное структурированное интервью, в ходе которого оценивался уровень потребления алкоголя и использование противозачаточных средств. Результаты. Среди небеременных женщин 89 % сообщили об употреблении алкоголя и 65 % сообщили о массивном употреблении алкоголя в течение последних трёх месяцев; 70 % женщин в Нижегородской области и 44 % в Санкт-Петербурге могли забеременеть, в том числе 12 % в Нижегородской области и 9 % в Санкт-Петербурге, целенаправленно планировали беременность. Данные женщины употребляли алкоголь в таких же количествах, как и женщины, с низкой вероятностью наступления беременности. В настоящее время среди небеременных женщин 32 % в Санкт-Петербурге и 54 % в Нижегородской области сообщили, что не используют контрацепцию регулярно и употребляют алкоголь в рискованных количествах. После выявления беременности 20 % женщин сообщили о продолжении употребления алкоголя. Выявлены существенные различия в употреблении алкоголя у женщин в Санкт-Петербурге и Нижегородской области. Исследование, представленное в данной публикации, было поддержано грантами R01AA016234 (Балашова), R21TW006745 (Боннер) Национальным институтом здоровья (NIH), Национальным институтом злоупотребления алкоголем и алкоголизма (NIAAA) и Международным центром Фогарти (FIC).

Background. Russia has one of the highest levels of alcohol consumption in the world and increasingly hazardous drinking inyoung women. Prenatal alcohol exposure is associated with adverse pregnancy outcomes and Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorders (FASD) in children. Data on women's alcohol consumption and risk for alcohol-exposed pregnancies necessary for developing prevention of FASD in Russia are limited. Aims: to estimate the prevalence of alcohol use and hazardous drinking and risk for alcohol-exposed pregnancies in women of childbearing age. Materials and methods. Women were recruited at public women's clinics in two regions in Russia. Women of childbearing age (n = 648) completed a face-to-face structured interview which assessed alcohol consumption and contraception use. Results. Among non-pregnant women, 89 % reported consuming alcohol and 65 % reported binge drinking in the last three months; 70 % of women in Nizhny Novgorod Region and 44 % in Saint-Petersburg may become pregnant, including 12 % in Nizhny Novgorod Region and 9 % in Saint-Petersburg who were trying to conceive. These women consumed alcohol at similar rates and amounts as women who were not at-risk for pregnancy. Among currently non-pregnant women, 32 % in Saint-Petersburg and 54 % in Nizhny Novgorod Region reported not using contraception consistently and at-risk drinking; therefore, they were at risk for alcohol-exposed pregnancy. After pregnancy identification: 20 % reported continued drinking. Significant differences in drinking and risk for alcohol-exposed pregnancy between women in Saint-Petersburg and Nizhny Novgorod Region were identified. Conclusions. Although the majority of Russian women decrease alcohol consumption after pregnancy identification, high levels of drinking were reported around conceptions and prior to pregnancy identification.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.