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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">actabiomedica</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Acta Biomedica Scientifica</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Acta Biomedica Scientifica</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2541-9420</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2587-9596</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Scientific Centre for Family Health and Human Reproduction Problems</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.29413/ABS.2025-10.4.12</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">actabiomedica-5559</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>МИКРОБИОЛОГИЯ И ВИРУСОЛОГИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>MICROBIOLOGY AND VIRUSOLOGY</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Состояние пристеночно-просветной микробиоты дистальных отделов толстой кишки крыс линии Wistar при экспериментальной острой ишемии головного мозга</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>State of the parietietal-luminal microbiota of the distal colon of Wistar rats during experimental acute cerebral ischemia</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8678-6267</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Шишкова</surname><given-names>Ю. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Shishkova</surname><given-names>Y. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Шишкова Юлия Сергеевна – доктор медицинских наук; профессор; профессор кафедры микробиологии; вирусологии и иммунологии </p><p>454092; г. Челябинск; ул. Воровского; д. 64</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Yulia S. Shishkova – Dr. Sc. (Med.); Professor; Professor of the Department of microbiology; virology and immunology</p><p>Vorovskogo St.; 64; Chelyabinsk 454092</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">shishkova_yulia@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6487-9083</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Осиков</surname><given-names>М. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Osikov</surname><given-names>M. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Осиков Михаил Владимирович – доктор медицинских наук; профессор; заведующий кафедрой патофизиологии </p><p>454092; г. Челябинск; ул. Воровского; д. 64</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Mikhail V. Osikov – Dr. Sc. (Med.); Professor; Head of the Department of pathophysiology</p><p>Vorovskogo St.; 64; Chelyabinsk 454092</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">prof.osikov@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0002-1710-3922</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Шеломенцев</surname><given-names>А. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Shelomentsev</surname><given-names>A. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Шеломенцев Алексей Викторович – аспирант кафедры патофизиологии</p><p>454092; г. Челябинск; ул. Воровского; д. 64</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Aleksey V. Shelomentsev – Postgraduate student of the Department of pathophysiology</p><p>Vorovskogo St.; 64; Chelyabinsk 454092</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">avschelomenzew18@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4046-2424</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Бойко</surname><given-names>М. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Boyko</surname><given-names>M. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Бойко Маргарита Сергеевна – кандидат медицинских наук; доцент кафедры патофизиологии </p><p>454092; г. Челябинск; ул. Воровского; д. 64</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Margarita S. Boyko – Cand. Sc. (Med.); Associate professor of the Department of pathophysiology</p><p>Vorovskogo St.; 64; Chelyabinsk 454092</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">ritkaboyko@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0003-0836-8491</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Зотова</surname><given-names>М. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Zotova</surname><given-names>M. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Зотова Мария Александровна – кандидат биологических наук; ведущий научный сотрудник центральной научно-исследовательской лаборатории </p><p>454092; г. Челябинск; ул. Воровского; д. 64</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Maria A. Zotova – Cand. Sc. (Biol.); Leading researcher at the central research laboratory</p><p>Vorovskogo St.; 64; Chelyabinsk 454092</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">zotova.chel@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Федеральное государственное бюджетное образовательное учреждение высшего образования «Южно-Уральский государственный медицинский университет» Минздрава России</institution></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>South Ural State Medical University</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2025</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>23</day><month>09</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>10</volume><issue>4</issue><fpage>121</fpage><lpage>128</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Шишкова Ю.С., Осиков М.В., Шеломенцев А.В., Бойко М.С., Зотова М.А., 2025</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Шишкова Ю.С., Осиков М.В., Шеломенцев А.В., Бойко М.С., Зотова М.А.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Shishkova Y.S., Osikov M.V., Shelomentsev A.V., Boyko M.S., Zotova M.A.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.actabiomedica.ru/jour/article/view/5559">https://www.actabiomedica.ru/jour/article/view/5559</self-uri><abstract><p>Ось «микробиота–кишечник–головной мозг» играет значимую роль в патогенезе ишемического инсульта. Однако изменения состава кишечной микробиоты в острейшем периоде ишемического инсульта остаются недостаточно изученными; что определяет необходимость экспериментального исследования.</p><sec><title>Цель</title><p>Цель. Изучить изменение состава пристеночно-просветной микробиоты дистальных отделов толстой кишки крыс линии Wistar при экспериментальной острой ишемии головного мозга.</p></sec><sec><title>Материалы и методы</title><p>Материалы и методы. Исследование выполнено на 20 половозрелых крысахсамцах линии Wistar; разделенных на 2 группы: I группа (n = 10) – интактные животные; II группа (n = 10) – животные с экспериментальной острой ишемией головного мозга (ЭОИГМ); моделированной по методу Chen S.T. Состав пристеночно-просветной микробиоты дистальных отделов толстой кишки животных оценивали на 3 сутки методом полимеразной цепной реакции в реальном времени. Определяли общую бактериальную массу (ГЭ/мл); частоту обнаружения микроорганизмов (n (%)) и количественную структуру пристеночно-просветной микробиоты (lg ГЭ/мл).</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты. На 3 сутки от начала эксперимента общая бактериальная масса у животных группы с ЭОИГМ (10 ГЭ/мл) не отличалась от аналогичного показателя животных интактной группы (p = 1;000). Доминирующими микроорганизмами в обеих группах явились Lacticaseibacillus spp.; Bifidobacterium spp.; Escherichia coli; Bacteroides spp.; при этом спектр сопутствующей пристеночно-просветной микробиоты был различным. У животных с ЭОИГМ не определялись Enterobacter spp. и Klebsiella pneumoniae; но регистрировались Clostridioides difficile и Fusobacterium nucleatum в отличие от аналогичных показателей группы интактных животных. При этом Faecalibacterium prausnitzii и Staphylococcus aureus встречались в обеих группах.</p></sec><sec><title>Заключение</title><p>Заключение. ЭОИГМ у крыс линии Wistar на 3 сутки сопровождалась избирательной реструктуризацией пристеночно-просветной микробиоты дистальных отделов толстой кишки; связанной с появлением C. difficile; F. nucleatum и исчезновением Enterobacter spp.; K. pneumoniae; что может свидетельствовать о нарушении баланса аутохтонной микробиоты; при этом сохранение общей бактериальной массы и доминирующих симбиотических популяций (Lacticaseibacillus spp.; Bifidobacterium spp.; E. coli; Bacteroides spp.) отражает устойчивость базового микробного профиля при церебральной ишемии.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The “microbiota-gut-brain” axis plays a significant role in the pathogenesis of ischemic stroke. However; changes in the composition of the intestinal microbiota in the acute period of ischemic stroke remain insufficiently studied; which determines the need for experimental research.</p><sec><title>The aim</title><p>The aim. To study the changes in the composition of the parietal-luminal microbiota of the distal colon of Wistar rats in experimental acute cerebral ischemia.</p></sec><sec><title>Materials and methods</title><p>Materials and methods. The study was performed on 20 sexually mature male Wistar rats; divided into 2 groups: group I (n = 10) – intact animals; group II (n = 10) – animals with experimental acute cerebral ischemia (EACI); modeled by the method of Chen S.T. Composition of the parietal luminal microbiota of the distal colon. The intestines of the animals were evaluated on day 3 by real-time polymerase chain reaction. The total bacterial mass (GE/ml); the frequency of detection of microorganisms (n (%)); and the quantitative structure of the parietal-luminal microbiota (lg GE/ml) were determined.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results. On the 3 day from the start of the experiment; the total bacterial mass in animals of the EACI group (10 GE/ml) did not differ from the same indicator in animals of the intact group (p = 1.000). The dominant microorganisms in both groups were Lacticaseibacillus spp.; Bifidobacterium spp.; Escherichia coli; Bacteroides spp.; while the spectrum of the accompanying parietal-luminal microbiota was different. Thus; Enterobacter spp. was not detected in animals with EACI and Klebsiella pneumoniae; but Clostridioides difficile and Fusobacterium nucleatum were recorded; in contrast to similar indicators of the group of intact animals. Faecalibacterium prausnitzii and Staphylococcus aureus were found in both groups.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusions</title><p>Conclusions. On day 3; EACI in Wistar rats was accompanied by selective restructuring of the parietal luminal microbiota of the distal colon; associated with the appearance of C. difficile; F. nucleatum and the disappearance of Enterobacter spp.; K. pneumoniae; which may indicate an imbalance of the autochthonous microbiota; while maintaining the total bacterial mass and dominant symbiotic populations (Lacticaseibacillus spp.; Bifidobacterium spp.; E. coli; Bacteroides spp.) reflects the stability of the basic microbial profile in cerebral ischemia.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>пристеночно-просветная микробиота</kwd><kwd>толстая кишка</kwd><kwd>крысы линии Wistar</kwd><kwd>экспериментальная острая ишемия головного мозга</kwd><kwd>полимеразная цепная реакция</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>parietal-luminal microbiota</kwd><kwd>colon</kwd><kwd>Wistar rats</kwd><kwd>experimental acute cerebral ischemia</kwd><kwd>polymerase chain reaction</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Feigin VL, Brainin M, Norrving B, Martins S, Sacco RL, Hacke W, et al. 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