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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">actabiomedica</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Acta Biomedica Scientifica</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Acta Biomedica Scientifica</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2541-9420</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2587-9596</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Scientific Centre for Family Health and Human Reproduction Problems</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.29413/ABS.2025-10.3.21</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">actabiomedica-5337</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ЭКСПЕРИМЕНТАЛЬНЫЕ ИССЛЕДОВАНИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>EXPERIMENTAL RESEARCHES</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Бронхиальная астма: Особенности субпопуляций Т-цитотоксических клеток крови при их нагрузке in vitro твёрдыми взвешенными частицами</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Blood Т-cell subpopulations dynamics in asthma under suspended particulate load in vitro</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3024-9873</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Кондратьева</surname><given-names>Е. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kondratyeva</surname><given-names>E. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Кондратьева Елена Викторовна – кандидат биологических наук, старший научный сотрудник лаборатории биомедицинских исследований </p><p>690105, г. Владивосток, ул. Русская, 73г.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Elena V. Kondratyeva – Cand. Sc. (Biol.), senior researcher of Biomedical Research Laboratory </p><p>Russkaya str., 73g, 690105 Vladivostok</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">elena.v.kondratyeva@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1009-9011</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Виткина</surname><given-names>Т. И.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Vitkina</surname><given-names>T. I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Виткина Татьяна Исааковна – доктор биологических наук, заведующая лабораторией медицинской экологии и рекреационных ресурсов </p><p>690105, г. Владивосток, ул. Русская, 73г.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Tatyana I. Vitkina –Dr. Sc. (Biol.), Professor of the RAS, Head of Medical Ecology and Recreational Resources Laboratory </p><p>Russkaya str., 73g, 690105 Vladivostok</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">tash30@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2124-6328</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Колесников</surname><given-names>С. И.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kolesnikov</surname><given-names>S. I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Колесников Сергей Иванович – доктор медицинских наук, профессор, академик РАН, главный научный сотрудник </p><p>664003, г. Иркутск, ул. Тимирязева, 16</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Sergey I. Kolesnikov – Dr. Sc. (Med.), professor, Member of the RAS, Senior Research Associate </p><p>Timiryazeva str., 16, 664003 Irkutsk</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">sikolesnikov2012@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Владивостокский филиал Федерального государственного бюджетного научного учреждения «Дальневосточный научный центр физиологии и патологии дыхания» – Научно-исследовательский институт медицинской климатологии и восстановительного лечения</institution></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Vladivostok Branch of the Far Eastern Scientific Center of Physiology and Pathology of Respiration – Research Institute of Medical Climatology and Rehabilitation Treatment</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Федеральное государственное бюджетное научное учреждение «Научный центр проблем здоровья семьи и репродукции человека»</institution></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Scientific Сenter for Family Health and Human Reproduction Problems</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2025</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>24</day><month>07</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>10</volume><issue>3</issue><fpage>201</fpage><lpage>207</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Кондратьева Е.В., Виткина Т.И., Колесников С.И., 2025</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Кондратьева Е.В., Виткина Т.И., Колесников С.И.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Kondratyeva E.V., Vitkina T.I., Kolesnikov S.I.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.actabiomedica.ru/jour/article/view/5337">https://www.actabiomedica.ru/jour/article/view/5337</self-uri><abstract><p>Актуальность. Бронхиальная астма (БА) характеризуется нарушениями регуляции адаптивного иммунного ответа. Значительный вклад в патологические процессы в условиях урбанизированной среды вносит загрязнение атмосферного воздуха твердыми взвешенными частицами (ТВЧ). Однако особенности экспрессии цитокиновых (интерлейкин (IL) 4, 6) и толл-лайк рецепторов (TLR) CD8+ клеток у пациентов с БА и их динамика при воздействии микротоксикантов атмосферного воздуха практически не исследованы. Цель. Установить особенности экспрессии IL-4R, IL-6R, TLR2, TLR4 на CD8+ клетках при БА разной степени тяжести и при воздействии твёрдых взвешенных частиц атмосферного воздуха. Материалы и методы. В исследование были включены 244 больных БА, 60 условно здоровых лиц. Нагрузка смоделированными атмосферными взвесями проведена в дозе 1 мкг взвеси на 1 мл крови. Лейкоцитарную взвесь получали методом центрифугирования на фиколл-верографиновом градиенте плотности. Анализ экспрессии IL-4R, IL-6R, TLR2, TLR4 на CD8+ клетках проводился методом проточной цитофлуорометрии. Статистическая обработка результатов производилась в программе «STATISTICA 10.0». Критический уровень значимости (p) при проверке статистических гипотез принимался при p &lt; 0,05.Результаты. Наибольшие различия в клеточном сигналинге наблюдаются между группой с частично контролируемой БА средней степени тяжести и группой контроля. Особенно сильно увеличена экспрессия IL-4R – на 217 % (p&lt;0,001), TLR4 – на 103 % (p &lt; 0,001). При нагрузке ТВЧ эта же группа пациентов характеризуется наибольшей значимостью различий Т-цитотоксических клеток по сравнению с группой больных бронхиальной астмой лёгкой степени тяжести. Экспрессия рецептора к IL-4 на Т-цитотоксических клетках к IL-4 возрастает на 160 % (p &lt; 0,001), TLR4 – на 108 % (p &lt; 0,001). Заключение. Интенсификация экспрессии рецепторов наблюдается при увеличении тяжести заболевания, ухудшении контроля и воздействии твёрдых взвешенных частиц. Наиболее интенсивно на Т-цитотоксических клеток изменяется экспрессия IL-4R и TLR4.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Background. Bronchial asthma (BA) is characterized by dysregulation of the adaptive immune response. A significant contribution to pathological processes in urban environments is made by air pollution with solid suspended particles (HDPE). However, the expression of cytokine (interleukin (IL) 4, 6) and toll-like receptors (TLR) CD8+ cells in BA patients and their dynamics under exposure to atmospheric microtoxicants practically have not been studied. The aim. To determine the features of expression of IL-4R, IL-6R, TLR2, and TLR4 in CD8+ cells in BA of varying severity and under the influence of solid suspended particles of atmospheric air. Materials and methods. The study included 244 patients with asthma, 60 conditionally healthy individuals. Loading with simulated atmospheric suspensions was performed at a dose of 1 microgram (µg) of suspension per 1 ml of blood. The expression of IL-4R, IL-6R, TLR2, and TLR4 on CD8+ cells was analyzed by flow cytofluorometry. Statistical processing of the results was performed in the program “STATISTICA 10.0”. The critical significance level (p) for testing statistical hypotheses was assumed at p &lt; 0.05. Results. The main differences in cell signaling were observed between the group with partially controlled moderate BA and the control group. The expression of IL-4R is particularly strongly increased – by 217 % (p &lt; 0.001), TLR4 – by 103 % (p &lt; 0.001). The same group of patients is characterized by the greatest significance of differences in T-cytotoxic cells in comparison with the group of patients with mild bronchial asthma. IL-4 receptor expression on T-cytotoxic cells increased by 160 % (p &lt; 0.001), TLR4 – by 108 % (p &lt; 0.001). Conclusion. The intensification of receptor expression is observed with an increase in the severity of the disease. The expression of IL-4R and TLR4 changes most intensively in T-cytotoxic cells IL-4R and TLR.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>бронхиальная астма</kwd><kwd>Т-цитотоксические клетки</kwd><kwd>рецепторы к интерлейкинам</kwd><kwd>толл-лайк рецепторы</kwd><kwd>твёрдые взвешенные частицы</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>asthma</kwd><kwd>T-cytotoxic cells</kwd><kwd>interleukin receptors</kwd><kwd>toll-like receptors</kwd><kwd>suspended solid particles</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">GINA Report, Global Strategy for Asthma Management and Prevention; 2024: 263. 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