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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">actabiomedica</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Acta Biomedica Scientifica</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Acta Biomedica Scientifica</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2541-9420</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2587-9596</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Scientific Centre for Family Health and Human Reproduction Problems</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.29413/ABS.2025-10.2.24</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">actabiomedica-5320</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ЭПИДЕМИОЛОГИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>EPIDEMIOLOGY</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Изменения в молекулярно-генетической структуры Mycobacterium tuberculosis в Республике Саха (Якутии) за 2009–2024 годы: распространение субтипа Beijing B0/W148</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Changes in the molecular genetic structure of Mycobacterium tuberculosis in Republic Sakha (Yakutia) in 2009–2024: spread of Beijing B0/W148 subtype</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7160-9700</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Жданова</surname><given-names>С. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Zhdanova</surname><given-names>S. N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Жданова Светлана Николаевна – доктор медицинских наук, ведущий научный сотрудник лаборатории эпидемиологически и социально-значимых инфекций </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Svetlana N. Zhdanova – Dr. Sc. (Med.), Leading Research Officer at the Laboratory of Epidemic and Social Infections</p><p>664003, Irkutsk, Timiryazev str., 16</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">svetnii@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7673-3815</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Винокурова</surname><given-names>М. К.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Vinokurova</surname><given-names>M. K.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Винокурова Мария Константиновна – доктор медицинских наук, заместитель директора по организационной и научной работе </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Mariya K. Vinokurova – Dr. Sc. (Med.), Deputy Director for Organization and Science </p><p>677005, Yakutsk, Petra Alekseeva str., 93</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">mkvin61@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2631-4724</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Кондратов</surname><given-names>И. Г.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kondratov</surname><given-names>I. G.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Кондратов Илья Геннадьевич – кандидат биологических наук, научный сотрудник лаборатории эпидемиологически и социально-значимых инфекций </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Ilya G. Kondratov – Cand. Sc. (Bio.), Research Officer at the Laboratory of Epidemic and Social Infections, Institute Epidemiology and Microbiology</p><p>664003, Irkutsk, Timiryazev str., 16</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">kondratovig@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0187-280X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Евдокимова</surname><given-names>Н. Е.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Evdokimova</surname><given-names>N. E.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Евдокимова Надежда Евстафьевна – научный сотрудник </p><p>677005, Якутск, ул. Петра Алексеева, 93</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Nadezhda E. Evdokimova – research associate</p><p>677005, Yakutsk, Petra Alekseeva str., 93</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">nadya_evdok@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3396-9590</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Синьков</surname><given-names>В. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Sinkov</surname><given-names>V. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Синьков Вячеслав Владимирович – кандидат медицинских наук, старший научный сотрудник Института эпидемиологии и микробиологи</p><p>664003, Иркутск, ул. Тимирязева, 16</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Viacheslav V. Sinkov – Cand. Sc. (Med.), Senior Research Officer at the Institute of Epidemiology and Microbiology</p><p>664003, Irkutsk, Timiryazev str., 16</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">vsinkov@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Алексеева</surname><given-names>Г. И.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Alekseeva</surname><given-names>G. I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Алексеева Галина Ивановна – доктор медицинских наук, старший научный сотрудник </p><p>677005, Якутск, ул. Петра Алексеева, 93</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Galina I. Alekseeva Dr. Sc. (Med.), Senior Researcher </p><p>677005, Yakutsk, Petra Alekseeva str., 93</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">agi_nik@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Кулинич</surname><given-names>С. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kulinich</surname><given-names>S. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Кулинич София Владимировна – лаборант-исследователь </p><p>664003, Иркутск, ул. Тимирязева, 16</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Sofia V. Kulinich – laboratory assistant researcher at the Institute of Epidemiology and Microbiology</p><p>664003, Irkutsk, Timiryazev str., 16</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">kulinich.sophie@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9300-9754</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Зорина</surname><given-names>С. П.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Zorina</surname><given-names>S. P.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Зорина Светлана Павловна – кандидат медицинских наук, заведующая организационно-аналитическим отделом</p><p>677005, Якутск, ул. Петра Алексеева, 93</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Svetlana P. Zorina – Cand. Sc. (Med.), Head of Organization and Analytics Department</p><p>677005, Yakutsk, Petra Alekseeva str., 93</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">zorinasp@ftiz14.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1250-0382</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Кондратьева</surname><given-names>О. Д.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kondratieva</surname><given-names>O. D.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Кондратьева Ольга Дмитриевна – врач-статистик организационно-аналитического отдела </p><p>677005, Якутск, ул. Петра Алексеева, 93</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Olga D. Kondratyeva – medical statistician of Organization &amp; Analytics Department</p><p>677005, Yakutsk, Petra Alekseeva str., 93</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">kondratevaod@ftiz14.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7489-9221</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Прокопьев</surname><given-names>Е. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Prokopyev</surname><given-names>E. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Прокопьев Егор Спиридонович – директор</p><p>677005, Якутск, ул. Петра Алексеева, 93</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Egor S. Prokop’ev – Director</p><p>677005, Yakutsk, Petra Alekseeva str., 93</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">prokopeves@ftiz14.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3168-1983</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Огарков</surname><given-names>О. Б.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Ogarkov</surname><given-names>O. B.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Огарков Олег Борисович – доктор медицинских наук, директор Института эпидемиологии и микробиологии</p><p>664003, Иркутск, ул. Тимирязева, 16</p><p> </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Oleg B. Ogarkov – Dr. Sc. (Med.), Director of the Institute Epidemiology and Microbiology</p><p>664003, Irkutsk, Timiryazev str., 16</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">obogarkov@sbamsr.irk.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0117-2563</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Рычкова</surname><given-names>Л. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Rychkova</surname><given-names>L. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Рычкова Любовь Владимировна – доктор медицинских наук, профессор, член-корреспондент РАН, директор</p><p>664003, Иркутск, ул. Тимирязева, 16</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Lyubov V. Rychkova – Dr. Sc. (Med.), Professor, Corresponding Member of the RAS, Director</p><p>664003, Irkutsk, Timiryazev str., 16</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">iphr@sbamsr.irk.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3354-2992</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Колесникова</surname><given-names>Л. И.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kolesnikova</surname><given-names>L. I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Колесникова Любовь Ильинична – доктор медицинских наук, профессор, академик РАН, научный руководитель</p><p>664003, Иркутск, ул. Тимирязева, 16</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Lyubov I. Kolesnikova – Dr. Sc. (Med.), Professor, Member of the RAS, Academic Advisor</p><p>664003, Irkutsk, Timiryazev str., 16</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">phr@sbamsr.irk.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБНУ «Научный Центр проблем здоровья семьи и репродукции человека»</institution></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Scientific Centre for Family Health Problems and Human Reproduction Problems</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ГБУ РС(Я) «Научно-практический центр «Фтизиатрия» им. Е.Н. Андреева»</institution></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Scientific and Practical Centre “Phthisiatry” named after E.N. Andreev</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2025</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>19</day><month>05</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>10</volume><issue>2</issue><fpage>239</fpage><lpage>248</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Жданова С.Н., Винокурова М.К., Кондратов И.Г., Евдокимова Н.Е., Синьков В.В., Алексеева Г.И., Кулинич С.В., Зорина С.П., Кондратьева О.Д., Прокопьев Е.С., Огарков О.Б., Рычкова Л.В., Колесникова Л.И., 2025</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Жданова С.Н., Винокурова М.К., Кондратов И.Г., Евдокимова Н.Е., Синьков В.В., Алексеева Г.И., Кулинич С.В., Зорина С.П., Кондратьева О.Д., Прокопьев Е.С., Огарков О.Б., Рычкова Л.В., Колесникова Л.И.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Zhdanova S.N., Vinokurova M.K., Kondratov I.G., Evdokimova N.E., Sinkov V.V., Alekseeva G.I., Kulinich S.V., Zorina S.P., Kondratieva O.D., Prokopyev E.S., Ogarkov O.B., Rychkova L.V., Kolesnikova L.I.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.actabiomedica.ru/jour/article/view/5320">https://www.actabiomedica.ru/jour/article/view/5320</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Обоснование</title><p>Обоснование. В Республике Саха (Якутия) с 2020 года заболеваемость туберкулезом (ТБ) стала ниже среднероссийских показателей на фоне увеличения уровня первичной множественной лекарственной устойчивости (МЛУ) Mycobacterium tuberculosis.</p></sec><sec><title>Цель исследования</title><p>Цель исследования. Проанализировать изменения молекулярно-генетической структуры популяции штаммов M. tuberculosis за 2009–2024 гг.</p></sec><sec><title>Материалы и методы</title><p>Материалы и методы. Изучено 669 штаммов за 2009–2014 (первый) и 2022– 2024 гг. (второй) периоды методами RD 207/105/181, SNP– и MIRU-VNTR 24 типирования.</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты. Первичная МЛУ (без пре-широкой и широкой лекарственной устойчивости (пре-ШЛУ и ШЛУ) штаммов составила 22,2 % и 24,6 %, пре-ШЛУ</p><p>– соответственно 1,0 % и 16,9 % по периодам, ШЛУ – 3,3 % в 2022–2024 гг. Генотип Beijing выявлен во втором периоде у 67,3 % против 43,3 % – в первом (p &lt; 0,001): субтипы Central Asian Russian – 31,0 % против 21,7 % (р = 0,006) и B0/ W148 – 34,0 % против 14,9 % (p &lt; 0,001). Евро-Американская линия M. tuberculosis представлена эндемичным генотипом S (18,0 % – в первом и 13,8 % – во втором периоде), генотипами T, LAM, Ural, H. Во втором периоде, для штаммов B0/ W148 показано увеличение его доли во всех возрастных группах, рост пре-ШЛУ (53,9 % против 7,3 %; (p &lt; 0,001) и обнаружение ШЛУ (6,9 %); для генотипа S выявлено увеличение первичной пре-ШЛУ (33,3 % против 5,7 %; p = 0,002) и установлена ШЛУ в 44,4 %.</p></sec><sec><title>Заключение</title><p>Заключение. В популяции M. tuberculosis выявлено увеличение уровня пре-ШЛУ и появление ШЛУ у штаммов Beijing B0/W148 (60,8 %) и генотипа S (60,1 %) в 2022–2024 годах. Штаммы Beijing B0/W148 получили распространение и оказывают влияние на рост доли пре-ШЛУ и появление ШЛУ, как и эндемичный генотип S, что требует дальнейшего наблюдения и усиления контроля за эффективностью лечения, прежде всего, больных со впервые выявленным ТБ.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Introduction</title><p>Introduction. In the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia) since 2020, the incidence of tuberculosis (TB) has become lower than the Russian average against the background of an increase in the proportion of multidrug-resistant (MDR) strains of Mycobacterium tuberculosis, including among new cases.</p></sec><sec><title>Objective</title><p>Objective. To analyze the changes in the molecular genetic structure of M. tuberculosis strains for 2009–2024.</p></sec><sec><title>Materials and methods</title><p>Materials and methods. We studied 669 strains for 2009–2014 (first period) and 2022– 2024 (second period) by RD 207/105/181, SNPand MIRU-VNTR 24 typing methods.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results. The primary MDR (without pre-XDR and XDR) were 22.2 % and 24.6 % by periods, the pre-XDR increased from 1.0 % to 16.9 % and XDR strains were emergence in 3.3 % in 2022–2024. In the second period, the Beijing genotype was predominance (67.3 % vs. 43.3 % in the first period; p &lt; 0.001), Beijing Central Asian Russian was increased from 21.7 % to 31.0 % (p = 0.006), Beijing B0/W148 was increased from 14.9 to 34.0 % (p &lt; 0.001). Euro-American lineage was represented by endemic for Sakha (Yakutia) S genotype (13.8 % and 18.0 % by periods), genotypes T, LAM, Ural, H. In all age groups in the second period, an increase in the proportion of Beijing B0/W148 was found. The pre-XDR profiles of B0/W148 were increased (53,9 % vs 7,3 %; p &lt; 0,001) and was found XDR (6.9 %). For genotype S, the primary pre-XDR (33,3 % vs 5,7 %; p = 0,002) was increased and XDR was found in 44.4 %.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusion</title><p>Conclusion. In the period of 2022–2024, in the M. tuberculosis population, a high level of pre-XDR and XDR in Beijing B0/W148 strains (60.8 %), and S genotype (60.1 %) was detected. Beijing B0/W148 strains have spread and influence MDR amplification, as the endemic S genotype, which requires further surveillance and control.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>Mycobacterium tuberculosis</kwd><kwd>Саха (Якутия)</kwd><kwd>Beijing B0/W148</kwd><kwd>генотип S</kwd><kwd>множественная лекарственная устойчивость</kwd><kwd>туберкулез</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>Mycobacterium tuberculosis</kwd><kwd>Sakha (Yakutia)</kwd><kwd>Beijing B0/W148</kwd><kwd>genotype S</kwd><kwd>multidrug-resistant</kwd><kwd>tuberculosis</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Работа выполнена в рамках государственного задания № 121022500179-0.</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Заболеваемость с впервые в жизни установленным диагнозом туберкулеза органов дыхания на 100 тыс. населения. 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