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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">actabiomedica</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Acta Biomedica Scientifica</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Acta Biomedica Scientifica</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2541-9420</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2587-9596</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Scientific Centre for Family Health and Human Reproduction Problems</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.29413/ABS.2025-10.2.12</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">actabiomedica-5308</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>КЛИНИЧЕСКАЯ ЛАБОРАТОРНАЯ ДИАГНОСТИКА</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>CLINICAL LABORATORY DIAGNOSIS</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Оценка масс-спектрометрических показателей обмена органических кислот у детей с саркопенией на фоне белково-энергетической недостаточности. Пилотное исследование</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Assessment of mass spectrometric indicators of organic acids metabolism in children with sarcopenia on the background of protein-energy insufficiency. Pilot study</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0992-1709</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Новикова</surname><given-names>В. П.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Novikova</surname><given-names>V. P.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Новикова Валерия Павловна – доктор медицинских наук, профессор, заведующая кафедрой пропедевтики детских болезней с курсом общего ухода за детьми, заведующая лабораторией медико-социальных проблем в педиатрии ФГБОУ ВО «Санкт-Петербургский государственный педиатрический медицинский университет»</p><p>194100, Санкт-Петербург, ул. Литовская, д. 2</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Valeriya P. Novikova – Dr. Sc. (Med.), Professor, Head of the Department of Childhood Diseases Propaedeutics with a Course of General Child Care, Head of the Laboratory of Medical and Social Problems in Pediatrics</p><p> 194100, St. Petersburg, st. Litovskaya, 2</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">novikova-vp@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9532-9698</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Завьялова</surname><given-names>А. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Zavyalova</surname><given-names>A. N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Завьялова Анна Никитична – доктор медицинских наук, доцент, профессор кафедры пропедевтики детских болезней с курсом общего ухода за детьми </p><p>194100, Санкт-Петербург, ул. Литовская, д. 2</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Anna N. Zavyalova – Dr. Sc. (Med.), Professor of the Department of Childhood Diseases Propedeutics with a Course of General Child Care</p><p> 194100, St. Petersburg, st. Litovskaya, 2</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">anzavjalova@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8986-7599</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Яковлева</surname><given-names>М. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Yakovleva</surname><given-names>M. N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Яковлева Милена Николаевна – аспирант кафедры пропедевтики детских болезней с курсом общего ухода за детьми </p><p>194100, Санкт-Петербург, ул. Литовская, д. 2</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Milena N. Yakovleva – postgraduate student, the Department of Propaedeutics of Childhood Diseases with a course in general child care </p><p>194100, St. Petersburg, st. Litovskaya, 2t. Petersburg, st. Litovskaya, 2</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">milena-yakovleva@bk.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9059-732X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Струков</surname><given-names>Е. Л.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Strukov</surname><given-names>E. L.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Струков Евгений Леонидович – доктор медицинских наук, профессор кафедры общей медицинской практики </p><p>194100, Санкт-Петербург, ул. Литовская, д. 2</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Evgeniy L. Strukov– Dr. Sc. (Med.), Professor of the Department of General Medical Practice</p><p> 194100, St. Petersburg, st. Litovskaya, 2</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">elstrukov@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1449-8711</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Кукес</surname><given-names>И. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kukes</surname><given-names>I. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Кукес Илья Владимирович – кандидат медицинских наук, лауреат гранта Президента РФ, врач-клинический фармаколог, врач-иммунолог, руководитель научно-клинического отдела</p><p>109240, г. Москва, ул. Яузская д. 11 корп. 10</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Ilya V. Kukes – Cand. Sc. (Med.), Laureate of the Grant of the President of the Russian Federation, Clinical Pharmacologist, Immunologist, Head of the Scientific and Clinical Department</p><p>109240, Moscow, st. Yauzskaya, 11 bldg. 10</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">lyakukes@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7020-9446</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Лунегов</surname><given-names>Т. Д.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Lunegov</surname><given-names>T. D.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Лунегов Тимофей Дмитриевич – химик-аналитик </p><p>117246, Москва, Научный проезд, д.20</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Timofey D. Lunegov – analytical chemist</p><p>(117246, Moscow, Nauchny proezd, 20</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">tlunegov@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБОУ ВО «Санкт-Петербургский государственный педиатрический медицинский университет» Минздрава России</institution></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>St. Petersburg State Pediatric Medical University</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>«Международная ассоциация клинических фармакологов&#13;
и фармацевтов»</institution></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>«International Association of Clinical Pharmacologists and Pharmacists»</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-3"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ООО «ХромсистемсЛаб»</institution></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>ChromesystemsLab, Ltd., Co</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2025</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>19</day><month>05</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>10</volume><issue>2</issue><fpage>119</fpage><lpage>129</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Новикова В.П., Завьялова А.Н., Яковлева М.Н., Струков Е.Л., Кукес И.В., Лунегов Т.Д., 2025</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Новикова В.П., Завьялова А.Н., Яковлева М.Н., Струков Е.Л., Кукес И.В., Лунегов Т.Д.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Novikova V.P., Zavyalova A.N., Yakovleva M.N., Strukov E.L., Kukes I.V., Lunegov T.D.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.actabiomedica.ru/jour/article/view/5308">https://www.actabiomedica.ru/jour/article/view/5308</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Обоснование</title><p>Обоснование. Гериатрическая проблема саркопении актуальна как для терапевтов, так и для педиатров. Вторичная саркопения диагностируется в любом возрасте при тяжелых заболеваниях, а также утрате мышц и их силы вследствие белково-энергетической недостаточности (БЭН) или при морбидном ожирении. Критерии диагностики разработаны для взрослой категории и не утверждены для детей. Для мобильных пациентов доступны скрининговые тестовые упражнения, что невозможно выполнить для маломобильных. Необходим поиск неинвазивных маркеров саркопении.</p></sec><sec><title>Цель</title><p>Цель. Разработать способ лабораторной диагностики саркопении на основе оценки масс-спектрометрических показателей обмена органических кислот у детей с саркопенией на фоне белково-энергетической недостаточности.</p></sec><sec><title>Материалы и методы</title><p>Материалы и методы. Проведено одномоментное когортное одноцентрово еисследованиеу 18 пациентов(от 9 до 18 лет, средний возраст 11 ± 2,11 лет) с БЭН на фоне детского церебрального паралича. Всем проведена антропометрия, биоимпедансометрия (Диамант Аист), лабораторная диагностика и определение органических кислот в моче методом газовой хроматографии в сочетании с масс-спектрометрическим детектированием, пламенно-ионизационным детектированием. Саркопения диагностирована методом биоимпеданса у 10 детей, группу сравнения составили 8 пациентов. StatTech v. 3.1.8. использовали для анализа данных.</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты и обсуждение</title><p>Результаты и обсуждение. При саркопении отмечаются более низкие уровни гомогентизиновой, пировиноградной (пируват), 3-Гидроксимасляной кислот и соотношения ТМА / ТМАО в моче, чем только при БЭН, что объясняется выраженным клеточным энергодефицитом. Выявлена корреляционная зависимость между процентом жировой массы в компонентном составе тела и уровнями гомогентизиновой, пировиноградной (пируват), 3-Гидроксимасляной кислот, соотношением ТМА / ТМАО в моче а также между процентом активной клеточной массы в компонентном составе тела и уровнями гомогентизиновой, пировиноградной (пируват), 3-Гидроксимасляной кислот, соотношением ТМА / ТМАО в моче. В результате РОК–анализа можно диагностировать саркопению при БЭН при уровне пирувата менее 30,5255 ммоль в моче и 3-Гидроксимасляной кислоты менее 3,0715 ммоль.</p></sec><sec><title>Выводы</title><p>Выводы. Масс-спектрометрия перспективна для дифференциальной диагностики БЭН и саркопении при БЭН, а также контроля нутритивной поддержки.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Introduction</title><p>Introduction. The geriatric problem of sarcopenia is relevant for both therapists and pediatricians. Secondary sarcopenia is diagnosed at any age in severe diseases, as well as muscle loss and muscle strength due to protein-energy malnutrition (PEM) or morbid obesity. Diagnostic criteria have been developed for the adult category and are not approved for children.</p></sec><sec><title>The aim</title><p>The aim. To develop a method for laboratory diagnostics of sarcopenia based on the assessment of mass spectrometric indices of organic acid metabolism in children with sarcopenia against the background of protein-energy malnutrition.</p></sec><sec><title>Materials and methods</title><p>Materials and methods. A single-center cohort study conducted in 18 patients (from 9 to 18 years, average age 11 ± 2.11 years) with PEM and cerebral palsy. All subjects underwent anthropometry, bioimpedancemetry (Diamant Aist), laboratory diagnostics and determination of organic acids in urine using gas chromatography in combination with mass spectrometric detection and fl ionization detection. Sarcopenia was diagnosed using the bioimpedance method in 10 children; the comparison group consisted of 8 patients. Statistical analysis was carried out using the StatTech v program. 3.1.8.</p></sec><sec><title>Results and discussion</title><p>Results and discussion. In sarcopenia, lower levels of homogentisic, pyruvic (pyruvate), 3-hydroxybutyric acids and the TMA/TMAO ratio in urine are observed than in PEM alone, which is explained by a pronounced cellular energy deficit. A correlation was found between the percentage of fat mass in the component composition of the body and the levels of homogentisic, pyruvic (pyruvate), 3-Hydroxybutyric acids, the TMA / TMAO ratio in urine, as well as between the percentage of active cell mass in the component composition of the body and the levels of homogentisic, pyruvic (pyruvate), 3-Hydroxybutyric acids, the TMA / TMAO ratio in urine. The result of the ROC analysis, sarcopenia can be diagnosed in children with protein-energy malnutrition if the level of pyruvic acid in urine is less than 30.5255 mmol and 3-Hydroxybutyric acid is less than 3.0715 mmol.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusions</title><p>Conclusions. Mass spectrometry is promising for the differential diagnosis of protein-energy malnutrition and sarcopenia in protein-energy malnutrition, as well as monitoring nutritional support.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>дети</kwd><kwd>саркопения</kwd><kwd>белково-энергетическая недостаточность</kwd><kwd>масс-спектрометрия</kwd><kwd>ТМА / ТМАО</kwd><kwd>гомогентизиновая</kwd><kwd>пировиноградная (пируват)</kwd><kwd>3-Гидроксимасляная кислота</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>children</kwd><kwd>sarcopenia</kwd><kwd>protein-energy malnutrition</kwd><kwd>mass spectrometry</kwd><kwd>TMA / TMAO</kwd><kwd>homogentisic acid</kwd><kwd>pyruvic acid (pyruvate)</kwd><kwd>3-Hydroxybutyric acid</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Завьялова А.Н., Новикова В.П., Яковлева М.Н. Саркопения у детей: лекция. 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