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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">actabiomedica</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Acta Biomedica Scientifica</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Acta Biomedica Scientifica</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2541-9420</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2587-9596</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Scientific Centre for Family Health and Human Reproduction Problems</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.29413/ABS.2025-10.1.12</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">actabiomedica-5220</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>МОРФОЛОГИЯ, ФИЗИОЛОГИЯ И ПАТОФИЗИОЛОГИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>MORPHOLOGY, PHYSIOLOGY AND PATHOPHYSIOLOGY</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Оценка воспалительной реакции у реконвалесцентов новой коронавирусной инфекции в катамнезе</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Assessment of the inflammatory response in convalescents of a new coronavirus infection in the catamnesis</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Лобова</surname><given-names>Т. Г.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Lobova</surname><given-names>T. G.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Лобова Татьяна Геннадьевна, </p><p>690105, г. Владивосток, ул. Русская, 73г</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Tatyana G. Lobova – Postgraduate, </p><p>Russkaya str. 73G, Vladivostok 690105</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">lobova.tg@dvfu.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Виткина</surname><given-names>Т. И.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Vitkina</surname><given-names>T. I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>690105, г. Владивосток, ул. Русская, 73г</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Tatyana I. Vitkina – Dr. Sc. (Biol.), Professor of the RAS, Head of the Laboratory of Medical Ecology and Recreational Resources, Leading Research Officer at the Laboratory of Biomedical Research, </p><p>Russkaya str. 73G, Vladivostok 690105</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Владивостокский филиал ФГБНУ «Дальневосточный научный центр физиологии и патологии дыхания» – Научно-исследовательский институт медицинской климатологии&#13;
и восстановительного лечения</institution></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Vladivostok Branch of the Far Eastern Scientific Centre of Physiology and Pathology of Respiration – Research Institute of Medical Climatology and Restorative Treatment</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2025</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>19</day><month>03</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>10</volume><issue>1</issue><fpage>115</fpage><lpage>122</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Лобова Т.Г., Виткина Т.И., 2025</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Лобова Т.Г., Виткина Т.И.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Lobova T.G., Vitkina T.I.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.actabiomedica.ru/jour/article/view/5220">https://www.actabiomedica.ru/jour/article/view/5220</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Обоснование</title><p>Обоснование. Патогенетический механизм развития продолжительного системного воспалительного процесса у  пациентов, перенёсших новую коронавирусную инфекцию, остаётся актуальной проблемой. Один из предполагаемых механизмов, приводящих к  гипервоспалению при  COVID-19, – это участие инфламмасомы NOD-подобного рецепторного белка 3 (NLRP3, NOD-like receptor protein 3), белка газдермина D (GSDMD, gasdermin D protein), являющихся эффекторными молекулами пироптоза, в запуске непрерывной продукции повышенного количества маркеров воспаления, обусловленном активацией вирусом SARS-CoV-2.</p></sec><sec><title>Цель работы</title><p>Цель работы. Установить особенности воспалительного ответа у пациентов после перенесённого COVID-19 в период от месяца до полугода.</p></sec><sec><title>Материалы и методы</title><p>Материалы и методы. Исследована кровь 41  пациента, находящегося в периоде выздоровления и через 1, 3 и 6 месяцев после перенесённой инфекции. Классическими методами определяли клеточный состав периферической крови, скорость оседания эритроцитов (СОЭ), уровни C-реактивного белка, ферритина, D-димера; иммуноферментным анализом – концентрацию интерлейкина (IL) 1β, IL-6, IL-18, инфламмасомы NLRP3, GSDMD.</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты. Выявлено, что  по  всем исследуемым параметрам происходит медленное снижение уровня значений к сроку 6 месяцев после перенесённой инфекции. Несмотря на  улучшение морфологической картины, в периферической крови спустя 6 месяцев встречаются изменённые клетки. Уровни GSDMD, тромбоцитов, IL-1β, D-димера, СОЭ, IL-18, NLRP3 не приходят к  значениям контрольной группы через полгода, что  свидетельствует об устойчивом гипервоспалительном ответе иммунной системы.</p></sec><sec><title>Заключение</title><p>Заключение. Нарушения регуляции инфламмасомы NLRP3 и GSDMD могут приводить к неадекватному иммунному ответу организма на инфекцию, что  способствует поддержанию гипервоспалительного процесса и  длительному выздоровлению. Дальнейшее изучение триггеров и индукторов, участвующих в патофизиологических процессах воспаления, запускаемых COVID-19, позволит разработать подход к персонифицированному лечению и реабилитации пациентов.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Background</title><p>Background. The  pathogenetic mechanism of  the  development of  a  prolonged systemic inflammatory process in patients who have suffered a new coronavirus infection remains an  urgent problem. One of  the  proposed mechanisms leading to  hyperinflammation in  COVID-19 is  the  involvement of  the  inflammasome of NOD-like receptor protein 3 (NLRP3), gasdermin D protein (GSDMD), which are effector molecules of pyroptosis, in  triggering the  continuous production of  an  increased number of inflammatory markers due to activation by the SARS-CoV-2 virus.</p></sec><sec><title>The aim</title><p>The aim. To evaluate the inflammatory response in convalescents of a new coronavirus infection in the catamnesis based on the dynamics of pyroptosis, interleukin response and indicators of the vascular link of hemostasis.</p></sec><sec><title>Materials and methods</title><p>Materials and methods. The blood of 41 patients in the recovery period was examined; one month, three and six months after the infection. The cellular composition of  peripheral blood, the  level of  ESR, CRP, ferritin, D-dimer were determined by classical methods; and the concentration of interleukins (IL) -1β, IL-6, IL-18, NLRP3 inflammasomes, and gasdermine D (GSDMD) was determined by ELISA methods.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results. It was revealed that for all the parameters studied, there is a slow decrease in the level of values by six months. Despite the improvement in the morphological picture, altered cells are found in the peripheral blood after six months. The levels of  GSDMD, platelets, IL-1β, D-dimer, ESR, IL-18, NLRP3 do  not reach the  values of the control group after six months, which indicates a stable hyperinflammatory response of the immune system.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusion</title><p>Conclusion. Dysregulation of the NLRP3 inflammasome and gasdermine D can lead to an inadequate immune response of the body to infection, which contributes to  the  maintenance of  the  hyperinflammatory process and  long-term recovery. Further study of triggers and inducers involved in the pathophysiological processes of inflammation triggered by COVID-19 will allow us to develop an approach to personalized treatment and rehabilitation of patients.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>COVID-19</kwd><kwd>отдалённые последствия</kwd><kwd>маркеры воспаления</kwd><kwd>NLRP3</kwd><kwd>газдермин D</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>COVID-19</kwd><kwd>long-term effects</kwd><kwd>markers of  inflammation</kwd><kwd>NLRP3</kwd><kwd>gasdermine D</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">De Wit E, Van Doremalen N, Falzarano D, Munster VJ. 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