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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">actabiomedica</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Acta Biomedica Scientifica</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Acta Biomedica Scientifica</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2541-9420</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2587-9596</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Scientific Centre for Family Health and Human Reproduction Problems</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.29413/ABS.2025-10.1.11</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">actabiomedica-5219</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>КАРДИОЛОГИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>CARDIOLOGY</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Сердечная недостаточность и митохондриальная дисфункция: методы исследования в эксперименте и клинической практике</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Heart failure and mitochondrial dysfunction: research methods in experiment and clinical practice</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9488-6900</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Гарганеева</surname><given-names>А. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Garganeeva</surname><given-names>A. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Гарганеева Алла Анатольевна – доктор медицинских наук, профессор, заведующая отделением патологии миокарда, </p><p>634012, г. Томск, ул. Киевская, 111а</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Alla A. Garganeeva – Dr. Sc. (Med.), Professor, Head of the Department of Myocardial Pathology, </p><p>Kievskaya str. 111A, Tomsk 634012</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">aag@cardio-tomsk.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7661-5808</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Тукиш</surname><given-names>О. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Tukish</surname><given-names>O. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Тукиш Ольга Викторовна – кандидат медицинских наук, научный сотрудник отделения патологии миокарда, </p><p>634012, г. Томск, ул. Киевская, 111а</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Olga V. Tukish – Cand. Sc. (Med.), Research Officer at the Department of Myocardial Pathology,</p><p>Kievskaya str. 111A, Tomsk 634012</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">olgatukish@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8070-2234</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Кужелева</surname><given-names>Е. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kuzheleva</surname><given-names>E. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Кужелева Елена Андреевна – кандидат медицинских наук, старший научный сотрудник отделения патологии миокарда, </p><p> </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Elena A. Kuzheleva – Cand. Sc. (Med.), Research Officer at the Department of Myocardial Pathology,</p><p>Kievskaya str. 111A, Tomsk 634012</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">snigireva1209@rambler.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7361-2161</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Муслимова</surname><given-names>Э. Ф.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Muslimova</surname><given-names>E. F.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Муслимова Эльвира Фаритовна – кандидат медицинских наук, научный сотрудник лаборатории молекулярно-клеточной патологии и генодиагностики, </p><p>634012, г. Томск, ул. Киевская, 111а</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Elvira F. Muslimova – Cand. Sc. (Med.), Research Officer at the Laboratory of Molecular Cell Pathology and Genodiagnostics, </p><p>Kievskaya str. 111A, Tomsk 634012</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">muslimovef@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5689-9754</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Гуля</surname><given-names>М. О.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Gulya</surname><given-names>M. O.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Гуля Марина Олеговна – кандидат медицинских наук, младший научный сотрудник отделения рентгеновских и томографических методов диагностики, врач-рентгенолог лаборатории радионуклидных методов исследования, </p><p>634012, г. Томск, ул. Киевская, 111а</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Marina O. Gulya – Cand. Sc. (Med.), Radiologist at the Laboratory of Radionuclide Research Methods, </p><p>Kievskaya str. 111A, Tomsk 634012</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">mgulyatomsk@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1437-8250</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Жаргасова</surname><given-names>В. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Zhargasova</surname><given-names>V. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Федюнина Вера Александровна – врач-кардиолог,</p><p>693010, г. Южно-Сахалинск, ул. Хабаровская, 15</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Vera A. Fediunina – Cardiologist, </p><p>Khabarovskaya str. 15, Yuzhno-Sakhalinsk 693010</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">vera-aleksandrovna-1993@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9050-4493</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Попов</surname><given-names>С. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Popov</surname><given-names>S. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Попов Сергей Валентинович – доктор медицинских наук, академик РАН, директор, </p><p>634012, г. Томск, ул. Киевская, 111а</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Sergey V. Popov – Dr.  Sc. (Med.), Member of  the  RAS, Director,</p><p>Kievskaya str. 111A, Tomsk 634012</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">psv@cardio-tomsk.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Научно-исследовательский институт кардиологии – филиал ФГБНУ «Томский национальный исследовательский медицинский центр РАН»</institution></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Cardiology Research Institute, Tomsk National Research Medical Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ООО «Медлайт»</institution></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Medlight LLC</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2025</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>19</day><month>03</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>10</volume><issue>1</issue><fpage>103</fpage><lpage>114</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Гарганеева А.А., Тукиш О.В., Кужелева Е.А., Муслимова Э.Ф., Гуля М.О., Жаргасова В.А., Попов С.В., 2025</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Гарганеева А.А., Тукиш О.В., Кужелева Е.А., Муслимова Э.Ф., Гуля М.О., Жаргасова В.А., Попов С.В.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Garganeeva A.A., Tukish O.V., Kuzheleva E.A., Muslimova E.F., Gulya M.O., Zhargasova V.A., Popov S.V.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.actabiomedica.ru/jour/article/view/5219">https://www.actabiomedica.ru/jour/article/view/5219</self-uri><abstract><p>Сердечная недостаточность (СН) является основной причиной смертности, частых госпитализаций и низкого качества жизни. Фундаментальные механизмы, участвующие в возникновении и прогрессировании СН, в настоящее время точно не  определены. Митохондрии играют ключевую роль в процессах клеточного метаболизма, выполняя множество биологических функций. Функциональная активность митохондрий имеет неразрывную связь с их структурой. При сердечно-сосудистых заболеваниях (ССЗ) в условиях повторяющейся гипоксии/реоксигенации тканей, а также под влиянием процессов субклинического воспаления происходит патологическая перестройка митохондриома кардиомиоцитов (КМЦ). Исследования, проведённые к настоящему времени, позволяют предположить, что митохондрии могут быть ключом к пониманию начала и прогрессирования хронической сердечной недостаточности (ХСН). Анализ литературы демонстрирует, что  изучение митохондрий у  больных ХСН является актуальной темой, а число публикаций в системе PubMed/MEDLINE, касающихся исследований в данной области, прогрессивно увеличивается; в системе eLIBRARY найдено 100 публикаций по данной тематике.</p><p>В настоящем обзоре мы рассмотрели современные методы оценки структуры и функции митохондрий в экспериментальных и клинических работах и провели анализ возможности применения данных методов исследования у больных ССЗ. Показано, что, несмотря на достаточно широкий спектр возможностей изучения структурно-функционального состояния митохондрий КМЦ при ХСН, оцениваемые косвенные признаки митохондриальной дисфункции являются суррогатными маркерами, степень информативности которых необходимо изучить в сопоставлении с реальным состоянием ультраструктуры митохондрий КМЦ, клинической картиной заболевания и  прогнозом пациентов. Актуализирована необходимость проведения клинических исследований, направленных на изучение ассоциации прямых ультраструктурных характеристик митохондрий КМЦ с  косвенными признаками митохондриальной дисфункции, с  клиническим течением и  исходами ХСН. Это  позволит получить принципиально новые фундаментальные знания о  механизмах развития и  прогрессирования данного патофизиологического феномена, оценить степень информативности маркеров нарушения митохондриальной функции при ХСН, что послужит основанием для внедрения изучаемых диагностических методов в реальную клиническую практику.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Heart failure is the leading cause of death, frequent hospitalizations, and poor quality of life. The fundamental mechanisms involved in the occurrence and progression of heart failure are currently not precisely defined. Mitochondria play a key role in the processes of cellular metabolism, performing many biological functions. The  functional activity of mitochondria is inextricably linked to their  structure. In  cardiovascular diseases, in conditions of repeated hypoxia/reoxygenation of tissues, as  well  as under the influence of subclinical inflammation processes, pathological restructuring of the cardiomyocyte mitochondriome occurs. Studies conducted to  date suggest that mitochondria may be the key to understanding the onset and progression of chronic heart failure (CHF). An analysis of the literature demonstrates that the study of mitochondria in patients with CHF is an urgent topic, and the number of publications in the PubMed/MEDLINE system concerning research in this area is progressively increasing, 100 publications on this topic have been found in the eLibrary system. In this review, we reviewed modern methods for evaluating the  structure and  function of mitochondria in experimental and  clinical studies and analyzed the possibility of using these research methods in patients with cardiovascular diseases. It is shown that, despite a fairly wide range of possibilities for studying the structural and functional state of mitochondria of cardiomyocytes in CHF, the estimated indirect signs of mitochondrial dysfunction are surrogate markers, the degree of informativity of which must be studied in comparison with the actual state of the cardiomyocytes mitochondrial ultrastructure, the clinical picture of  the  disease and the prognosis of patients. The necessity of conducting clinical studies aimed at studying the association of direct ultrastructural characteristics of  cardiomyocytes mitochondria with indirect signs of mitochondrial dysfunction with the clinical course and outcomes of CHF is actualized, which will allow us to obtain fundamentally new fundamental knowledge about the mechanisms of development and progression of the pathophysiological phenomenon of CHF, to assess the  degree of informativeness of markers of mitochondrial dysfunction in patients with CHF, which will serve as the basis for the widespread introduction of these diagnostic methods into real clinical practice.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>хроническая сердечная недостаточность</kwd><kwd>митохондрии</kwd><kwd>митохондриальная дисфункция</kwd><kwd>митохондриальная ДНК</kwd><kwd>дыхание митохондрий</kwd><kwd>окислительное фосфорилирование</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>chronic heart failure</kwd><kwd>mitochondria</kwd><kwd>mitochondrial dysfunction</kwd><kwd>mitochondrial DNA</kwd><kwd>mitochondrial respiration</kwd><kwd>oxidative phosphorylation</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Исследование выполнено при финансовой поддержке гранта Российского научного фонда (проект № 23-75- 00009).</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">McDonagh T, Metra M. 2021 рекомендации ESC по диагностике и лечению острой и хронической сердечной недостаточности. 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