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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">actabiomedica</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Acta Biomedica Scientifica</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Acta Biomedica Scientifica</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2541-9420</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2587-9596</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Scientific Centre for Family Health and Human Reproduction Problems</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.29413/ABS.2025-10.3.22</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">actabiomedica-5074</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ЭКСПЕРИМЕНТАЛЬНЫЕ ИССЛЕДОВАНИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>EXPERIMENTAL RESEARCHES</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Влияние агаровых и биопленочных культур Francisella tularensis на экспрессию генов TLR2 и TLR4 в клетках крови и селезенки экспериментальных животных</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Effect of agar and biofilm culture of Francisella tularensis on TLR2 and TLR4 genes expression in blood and spleen cells of experimental animals</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8561-6207</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Дубровина</surname><given-names>В. И.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Dubrovina</surname><given-names>V. I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Дубровина Валентина Ивановна – доктор биологических наук, заведующая лабораторией патофизиологии </p><p>664047, г. Иркутск, ул. Трилиссера, 78</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Valentina I. Dubrovina – Dr. Sc. (Biol.), Head of Pathophysiological Laboratory </p><p>st. Trilissera 78, Irkutsk 664047</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">dubrovina-valya@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6381-4517</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Пятидесятникова</surname><given-names>А. Б.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Pyatidesyatnikova</surname><given-names>A. B.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Пятидесятникова Анна Борисовна – младший научный сотрудник </p><p>664047, г. Иркутск, ул. Трилиссера, 78</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Anna B. Pyatidesyatnikova – Junior Research of Pathophysiological Laboratory </p><p>st. Trilissera 78, Irkutsk 664047</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">adm@chumin.irkutsk.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7357-2219</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Юрьева</surname><given-names>О. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Yuryeva</surname><given-names>O. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Юрьева Ольга Викторовна – кандидат биологических наук, старший научный сотрудник лаборатории патофизиологии </p><p>664047, г. Иркутск, ул. Трилиссера, 78</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Olga V. Yurieva – Cand. Sc. (Biol.), senior researcher of Pathophysiological Laboratory </p><p>st. Trilissera 78, Irkutsk 664047</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">olga.yur1963@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1137-6049</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Корытов</surname><given-names>К. М.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Korytov</surname><given-names>K. M.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Корытов Константин Михайлович – научный сотрудник </p><p>664047, г. Иркутск, ул. Трилиссера, 78</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Konstantin M. Korytov – Research Officer, Pathophysiological Laboratory </p><p>st. Trilissera 78, Irkutsk 664047</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">konstmikhkor@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0952-8755</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Старовойтова</surname><given-names>Т. П.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Starovoitova</surname><given-names>T. P.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Старовойтова Татьяна Пантелеевна – научный сотрудник лаборатории патофизиологии </p><p>664047, г. Иркутск, ул. Трилиссера, 78</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Tatyana P. Starovoytova – Research Officer of Pathophysiological Laboratory </p><p>st. Trilissera 78, Irkutsk 664047</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">adm@chumin.irkutsk.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0843-4757</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Мазепа</surname><given-names>А. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Mazepa</surname><given-names>A. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Мазепа Андрей Владимирович – кандидат медицинских наук, ведущий научный сотрудник отдела эпидемиологии </p><p>664047, г. Иркутск, ул. Трилиссера, 78</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Andrey V. Mazepa – Cand. Sc. (Med.), Leading Researcher of Department of Epidemiology </p><p>st. Trilissera 78, Irkutsk 664047</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">adm@chumin.irkutsk.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5250-7530</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Наумова</surname><given-names>К. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Naumova</surname><given-names>K. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Наумова Ксения Викторовна – младший научный сотрудник эпидемиологического отдела </p><p>664047, г. Иркутск, ул. Трилиссера, 78</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Ksenia V. Naumova – Junior researcher of the Epidemiologic Department </p><p>st. Trilissera 78, Irkutsk 664047</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">adm@chumin.irkutsk.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4201-5828</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Балахонов</surname><given-names>С. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Balakhonov</surname><given-names>S. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Балахонов Сергей Владимирович – доктор медицинских наук, профессор, директор </p><p>664047, г. Иркутск, ул. Трилиссера, 78</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Sergey V. Balakhonov – Dr. Sc. (Med.), Professor, Director </p><p>st. Trilissera 78, Irkutsk 664047</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">adm@chumin.irkutsk.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФКУЗ Иркутский научноисследовательский противочумный институт Роспотребнадзора</institution></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Irkutsk Antiplague Research Institute of Siberia and Far East of Rospotrebnadzor</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2025</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>24</day><month>07</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>10</volume><issue>3</issue><fpage>208</fpage><lpage>216</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Дубровина В.И., Пятидесятникова А.Б., Юрьева О.В., Корытов К.М., Старовойтова Т.П., Мазепа А.В., Наумова К.В., Балахонов С.В., 2025</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Дубровина В.И., Пятидесятникова А.Б., Юрьева О.В., Корытов К.М., Старовойтова Т.П., Мазепа А.В., Наумова К.В., Балахонов С.В.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Dubrovina V.I., Pyatidesyatnikova A.B., Yuryeva O.V., Korytov K.M., Starovoitova T.P., Mazepa A.V., Naumova K.V., Balakhonov S.V.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.actabiomedica.ru/jour/article/view/5074">https://www.actabiomedica.ru/jour/article/view/5074</self-uri><abstract><p>Биопленка является формой существования многих бактерий, позволяющая им выживать в неблагоприятных условиях внешней среды. К таким патогенам относятся некоторые штаммы возбудителя туляремии. Иммуногенные свойства штаммов Francisella tularensis, способных к образованию биопленки, изучены недостаточно. Одним из ключевых показателей активации врожденного иммунитета является повышение уровня экспрессии TLRs (Toll-подобные рецепторы). Сравнительный анализ экспрессии генов TLRs в иммунокомпетентных клетках животных, инфицированных биопленочными и агаровыми культурами, позволит оценить их иммуногенный потенциал и адаптивную пластичность, а также дополнит новыми данными имеющиеся сведения о патогенезе туляремии. Цель работы. Оценить влияние биопленочных и агаровых культур F. tularensis на экспрессию генов TLRs 2 и 4 типов клетками крови и селезенки белых мышей. Материалы и методы. Исследование проведено на 125 сертифицированных беспородных белых мышах. Забор материала (кровь и селезенка) осуществляли на 1, 2, 3, 7 и 14 сутки. В работе использовали семисуточные биопленочные и двухсуточные агаровые культуры аттенуированного вакцинного штамма F. tularensis 15В линии НИИЭГ и авирулентного F. tularensis И-384. Детекцию молекул РНК и обратную транскрипцию выполняли с помощью коммерческих комплектов реагентов. Концентрацию кДНК TLR2 и TLR4 определяли методом ПЦР в реальном времени с применением специфических праймеров. Результаты. Сравнительный анализ экспрессии генов TLR2 и TLR4 в ответ на введение биопленочных и агаровых культур F. tularensis выявил статистически значимое увеличение экспрессии генов TLRs в клетках экспериментальных животных, инфицированных биопленочными культурами по сравнению с агаровыми культурами. Заключение. Полученные результаты свидетельствуют о значительном влиянии подвидовой принадлежности штамма F. tularensis и условий его культивирования на экспрессию генов TLR2 и TLR4 в клетках крови и селезенки белых мышей при экспериментальной туляремии.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Biofilm as a form of existence of many bacteria that allows them to survive in unfavorable environmental conditions. Such pathogens include some strains of tularemia pathogen. Immunogenic properties of Francisella tularensis strains capable of biofilm formation are insufficiently studied. One of the key indicators of the activation of innate immunity is an increase in the level of TLRs expression. A comparative analysis of TLRs gene expression in immunocompetent cells of animals infected with biofilm and agar cultures will allow us to assess the degree of their adaptive capacity to the pathogen, as well as add to the existing data on the pathogenesis of tularemia. The aim. To evaluate the effect of biofilm and agar cultures of F. tularensis on the expression of TLRs genes of types 2 and 4 by blood and spleen cells of white mice. Materials and methods. The study was carried out on 125 certified mongrel white mice. Material (blood and spleen) was collected on days 1, 2, 3, 7 and 14. Seven-dayold biofilm and two-day-old agar cultures of attenuated vaccine strain F. tularensis 15B of the NIIEG line and avirulent F. tularensis I-384 were used to create experimental tularemia infection. RNA molecule detection and reverse transcription were performed using commercial reagent kits. TLR2 and TLR4 cDNA concentration was determined by real-time PCR using specific primers. Comparative analysis of TLR2 and TLR4 gene expression in response to the introduction of biofilm and agar cultures of F. tularensis revealed a statistically significant increase in TLRs gene expression in cells of experimental animals infected with biofilm cultures compared to agar cultures. Conclusion. The obtained results indicate a significant effect of F. tularensis subspecies and conditions of its cultivation on TLR2 and TLR4 genes expression in blood and spleen cells of white mice in experimental tularemia.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>TLR</kwd><kwd>биопленка</kwd><kwd>Francisella tularensis</kwd><kwd>иммунитет</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>TLR</kwd><kwd>biofilm</kwd><kwd>Francisella tularensis</kwd><kwd>immunity</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Schaudinn C, Rydzewski K, Meister B, Grunow R, Heuner K. Francisella tularensis subsp. holarctica wild-type is able to colonize natural aquatic ex vivo. Front Microbiol. 2023; (14): 1113412. doi: 10.3389/fmicb.2023.1113412</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Schaudinn C, Rydzewski K, Meister B, Grunow R, Heuner K. 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