<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE article PUBLIC "-//NLM//DTD JATS (Z39.96) Journal Publishing DTD v1.3 20210610//EN" "JATS-journalpublishing1-3.dtd">
<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">actabiomedica</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Acta Biomedica Scientifica</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Acta Biomedica Scientifica</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2541-9420</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2587-9596</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Scientific Centre for Family Health and Human Reproduction Problems</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.29413/ABS.2024-9.5.18</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">actabiomedica-5046</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>НЕВРОЛОГИЯ И НЕЙРОХИРУРГИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>NEUROLOGY AND NEUROSURGERY</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Клинико-неврологические проявления COVID-19 и других коронавирусных инфекций: обзор литературы</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Clinical and neurological manifestations of COVID-19 and other coronavirus infections: A literature review</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3299-1924</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Белобородов</surname><given-names>В. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Beloborodov</surname><given-names>V. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Белобородов Владимир Анатольевич – доктор медицинских наук, профессор, заведующий кафедрой общей хирургии</p><p>664003, г. Иркутск, ул. Красного Восстания, 1</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Vladimir A. Beloborodov – Dr. Sc. (Med.), Professor, Head of the Department of General Surgery</p><p>Krasnogo Vosstaniya str. 1, Irkutsk 664003</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">BVA555@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9039-9147</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Степанов</surname><given-names>И. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Stepanov</surname><given-names>I. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Степанов Иван Андреевич – ассистент кафедры общей хирургии</p><p>664003, г. Иркутск, ул. Красного Восстания, 1</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Ivan A. Stepanov – Teaching Assistant at the Department of General Surgery</p><p>Krasnogo Vosstaniya str. 1, Irkutsk 664003</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">stepanovivanneuro@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9956-242X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Кельчевская</surname><given-names>Е. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kelchevskaya</surname><given-names>E. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Кельчевская Елена Арнольдовна – кандидат медицинских наук, доцент кафедры общей хирургии</p><p>664003, г. Иркутск, ул. Красного Восстания, 1</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Elena A. Kelchevskaya – Cand. Sc. (Med.), Associate Professor at the Department of General Surgery</p><p>Krasnogo Vosstaniya str. 1, Irkutsk 664003</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">kelch@inbox.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3285-5559</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Воробьев</surname><given-names>В. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Vorobiev</surname><given-names>V. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Воробьев Владимир Анатольевич – кандидат медицинских наук, доцент кафедры общей хирургии</p><p>664003, г. Иркутск, ул. Красного Восстания, 1</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Vladimir A. Vorobiev – Cand. Sc. (Med.), Associate Professor at the Department of General Surgery</p><p>Krasnogo Vosstaniya str. 1, Irkutsk 664003</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">terdenecer@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8775-016X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Фролов</surname><given-names>А. П.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Frolov</surname><given-names>A. P.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Фролов Александр Петрович – кандидат медицинских наук, доцент кафедры общей хирургии</p><p>664003, г. Иркутск, ул. Красного Восстания, 1</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Alexander P. Frolov – Cand. Sc. (Med.), Associate Professor at the Department of General Surgery</p><p>Krasnogo Vosstaniya str. 1, Irkutsk 664003</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">frolovphd@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2412-5831</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Кожевников</surname><given-names>М. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kozhevnikov</surname><given-names>M. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Кожевников Михаил Александрович – кандидат медицинских наук, ассистент кафедры общей хирургии</p><p>664003, г. Иркутск, ул. Красного Восстания, 1</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Mikhail A. Kozhevnikov – Cand. Sc. (Med.), Teaching Assistant at the Department of General Surgery</p><p>Krasnogo Vosstaniya str. 1, Irkutsk 664003</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">mihail.kozhevnikov.1975@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1525-3425</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Тухиев</surname><given-names>А. Р.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Tukhiev</surname><given-names>A. R.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Тухиев Артур Русланович – аспирант кафедры общей хирургии</p><p>664003, г. Иркутск, ул. Красного Восстания, 1</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Artur R. Tukhiev – Postgraduate at the Department of General Surgery</p><p>Krasnogo Vosstaniya str. 1, Irkutsk 664003</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">atukhiev@bk.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5389-929X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Борисов</surname><given-names>В. Э.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Borisov</surname><given-names>V. E.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Борисов Владислав Эдуардович – кандидат медицинских наук, ассистент кафедры госпитальной хирургии</p><p>670000, г. Улан-Удэ, ул. Смолина, 24а</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Vladislav E. Borisov – Cand. Sc. (Med.), Teaching Assistant at the Department of Advanced-Level Surgery</p><p>Smolina str. 24A, Ulan-Ude 670000</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">nevrotom@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7871-1206</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Саакян</surname><given-names>З. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Saakyan</surname><given-names>Z. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Саакян Зораб Симонович – аспирант кафедры нормальной и патологической физиологии; врач-нейрохирург отделения нейрохирургии</p><p>677000, г. Якутск, ул. Белинского, 58</p><p>677005, г. Якутск, ул. Петра Алексеева, 83а</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Zorab S. Saakyan – Postgraduate at the Department of Normal and Pathological Physiology; Neurosurgeon at the Department of Neurosurgery</p><p>Belinskogo str. 58, Yakutsk 677000</p><p>Petra Alekseeva str. 83A, Yakutsk 677005</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">doctor-zorab87@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru">ФГБОУ ВО «Иркутский государственный медицинский университет» Минздрава России<country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">Irkutsk State Medical University<country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru">ФГБОУ ВО «Бурятский государственный университет имени Доржи Банзарова»<country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">Banzarov Buryat State University<country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-3"><aff xml:lang="ru">ФГАОУ ВО «Северо-Восточный федеральный университет имени М.К. Аммосова»; ГБУЗ РС(Я) «Республиканская больница № 2 – Центр экстренной медицинской помощи»<country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">M.K. Ammosov North-Eastern Federal University; Republican Hospital No. 2 –&#13;
Center for Emergency Medicine<country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2024</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>22</day><month>11</month><year>2024</year></pub-date><volume>9</volume><issue>5</issue><fpage>168</fpage><lpage>177</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Белобородов В.А., Степанов И.А., Кельчевская Е.А., Воробьев В.А., Фролов А.П., Кожевников М.А., Тухиев А.Р., Борисов В.Э., Саакян З.С., 2024</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2024</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Белобородов В.А., Степанов И.А., Кельчевская Е.А., Воробьев В.А., Фролов А.П., Кожевников М.А., Тухиев А.Р., Борисов В.Э., Саакян З.С.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Beloborodov V.A., Stepanov I.A., Kelchevskaya E.A., Vorobiev V.A., Frolov A.P., Kozhevnikov M.A., Tukhiev A.R., Borisov V.E., Saakyan Z.S.</copyright-holder><license license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.actabiomedica.ru/jour/article/view/5046">https://www.actabiomedica.ru/jour/article/view/5046</self-uri><abstract><p>Как известно, вопросы патогенеза, диагностики и лечения новой коронавирусной инфекции COVID-19 представляют собой наиболее приоритетные направления научного поиска в современной клинике внутренних болезней. Скорость появления новых научных данных в ведущих библиотеках PubMed, Medline, Cochrane Library и eLibrary, которые потенциально могут иметь значение в коррекции проводимой терапии инфекции и её осложнений, является предельно высокой. В свою очередь это диктует необходимость всестороннего обсуждения результатов вновь опубликованных исследований. К числу таких вопросов необходимо отнести клинико-неврологические проявления COVID-19 и других коронавирусных инфекций. Точный механизм проникновения вируса SARS-CoV-2 в структуры центральной нервной системы неизвестен. Так, наиболее активно обсуждаются два пути проникновения возбудителя COVID-19 – гематогенный (через системный кровоток в сосуды головного мозга с низким значением линейной скорости кровотока, что позволяет вирусу адгезироваться на поверхности эндотелия и через повреждение последнего проникать в нервную ткань) и контактный (через решетчатую пластинку и обонятельную луковицу). Также необходимо отметить, что в ряде экспериментальных работ наглядно показано патогенное действие других представителей семейства Coronaviridae на нейроны дыхательного и сосудодвигательного центров. В обзоре представлен анализ современных литературных данных, посвящённых изучению клинико-неврологических проявлений COVID-19 и других коронавирусных инфекций. Важно подчеркнуть, что особого внимания заслуживают пациенты с тяжёлым течением COVID-19, требующие наблюдения в палате реанимации и интенсивной терапии с целью предупреждения развития фатальных неврологических осложнений.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>As is known, the issues of pathogenesis, diagnosis and treatment of the new coronavirus infection COVID-19 are the most priority areas of scientific research in the modern clinic of internal diseases. The rate of emergence of new scientific data in the leading libraries PubMed, Medline, Cochrane Library and eLibrary, which can potentially be important in the correction of ongoing therapy for infection and its complications, is extremely high. In turn, this dictates the need for a comprehensive discussion of the results of newly published studies. These issues include clinical and neurological manifestations of COVID-19 and other coronavirus infections. The exact mechanism by which the SARS-CoV-2 virus enters the structures of the central nervous system is unknown. Thus, two pathways for the penetration of the COVID-19 pathogen are most actively discussed: the hematogenous pathway (through the systemic circulation into the vessels of the brain with a low linear blood flow velocity, which allows the virus to adhere to the surface of the endothelium and penetrate into the nervous tissue through damage to the latter) and the contact pathway (through the cribriform plate and the olfactory bulb). It should also be noted that a number of experimental works clearly demonstrate the pathogenic effect of other members of the Coronaviridae family on the neurons of the respiratory and vasomotor centers. The review presents an analysis of current literature data on the study of clinical and neurological manifestations of COVID-19 and other coronavirus infections. It is important to emphasize that patients with a severe course of COVID-19 deserve special attention, requiring observation in the intensive care unit in order to prevent the development of fatal neurological complications.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>COVID-19</kwd><kwd>SARS-CoV-2</kwd><kwd>центральная нервная система</kwd><kwd>клинико-неврологические проявления</kwd><kwd>патогенез</kwd><kwd>инсульт</kwd><kwd>поражение периферической нервной системы</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>COVID-19</kwd><kwd>SARS-CoV-2</kwd><kwd>central nervous system</kwd><kwd>clinical and neurological manifestations</kwd><kwd>pathogenesis</kwd><kwd>stroke</kwd><kwd>peripheral neuropathy</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Арутюнов Г.П., Козиолова Н.А., Тарловская Е.И., Арутюнов А.Г., Григорьева Н.Ю., Джунусбекова Г.А., и др. Согласованная позиция экспертов Евразийской ассоциации терапевтов по некоторым новым механизмам патогенеза COVID-19: фокус на гемостаз, вопросы гемотрансфузии и систему транспорта газов крови. Кардиология. 2020; 60(5): 9-19.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Arutyunov GP, Koziolova NA, Tarlovskaya EI, Arutyunov AG, Grigorjeva NYu, Dzhunusbekova GA, et al. The agreed experts’ position of the Eurasian Association of Therapists on some new mechanisms of COVID- 19 pathways: Focus on hemostasis, hemotransfusion issues and blood gas exchange. Kardiologiia. 2020; 60(5): 9-19. (In Russ.). doi: 10.18087/cardio.2020.5.n1132</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit2"><label>2</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Колобухина Л.В., Бургасова О.А., Краева Л.А., Гущин В.А., Бурцева Е.И., Кружкова И.С., и др. Клинико-лабораторный профиль пациентов с COVID-19, госпитализированных в инфекционный стационар г. Москвы в период с мая по июль 2020 года. Инфекционные болезни. 2021; 19(2): 5-15.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Kolobukhina LV, Burgasova OA, Kraeva LA, Gushchin VA, Burtseva EI, Kruzhkova IS, et al. Clinical and laboratory profile of patients with COVID-19 admitted to hospital in Moscow between May and July 2020. Infectious Diseases. 2021; 19(2): 5-15. (In Russ.). doi: 10.20953/1729-9225-2021-2-5-15</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit3"><label>3</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Asadi-Pooya AA, Simani L. Central nervous system manifestations of COVID-19: A systematic review. J Neurol Scie. 2020; 413: 116832. doi: 10.1016/j.jns.2020.116832</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Asadi-Pooya AA, Simani L. Central nervous system manifestations of COVID-19: A systematic review. J Neurol Scie. 2020; 413: 116832. doi: 10.1016/j.jns.2020.116832</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit4"><label>4</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Satarker S, Nampoothiri M. Involvement of the nervous system in COVID-19: The bell should toll in the brain. Life Scie. 2020; 262: 118568. doi: 10.1016/j.lfs.2020.118568</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Satarker S, Nampoothiri M. Involvement of the nervous system in COVID-19: The bell should toll in the brain. Life Scie. 2020; 262: 118568. doi: 10.1016/j.lfs.2020.118568</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit5"><label>5</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Bobker SM, Robbins MS. COVID-19 and headache: A primer for trainees. Headache. 2020; 60(8): 1806-1811. doi: 10.1111/head.13884</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Bobker SM, Robbins MS. COVID-19 and headache: A primer for trainees. Headache. 2020; 60(8): 1806-1811. doi: 10.1111/head.13884</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit6"><label>6</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Walls AC, Fiala B, Schäfer A, Wrenn S, Pham MN, Murphy M, et al. Elicitation of potent neutralizing antibody responses by designed protein nanoparticle vaccines for SARS-CoV-2. Cell. 2020; 183(5): 1367-1382.e17. doi: 10.1016/j.cell.2020.10.043</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Walls AC, Fiala B, Schäfer A, Wrenn S, Pham MN, Murphy M, et al. Elicitation of potent neutralizing antibody responses by designed protein nanoparticle vaccines for SARS-CoV-2. Cell. 2020; 183(5): 1367-1382.e17. doi: 10.1016/j.cell.2020.10.043</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit7"><label>7</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Rothan HA, Byrareddy SN. The epidemiology and pathogenesis of coronavirus disease (COVID-19) outbreak. J Autoimmun. 2020; 109: 102433. doi: 10.1016/j.jaut.2020.102433</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Rothan HA, Byrareddy SN. The epidemiology and pathogenesis of coronavirus disease (COVID-19) outbreak. J Autoimmun. 2020; 109: 102433. doi: 10.1016/j.jaut.2020.102433</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit8"><label>8</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Wan Y, Shang J, Graham R, Baric RS, Li F. Receptor recognition by the novel coronavirus from Wuhan: An analysis based on decade-long structural studies of SARS coronavirus. J Virol. 2020; 94(7): e00127-20. doi: 10.1128/JVI.00127-20</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Wan Y, Shang J, Graham R, Baric RS, Li F. Receptor recognition by the novel coronavirus from Wuhan: An analysis based on decade-long structural studies of SARS coronavirus. J Virol. 2020; 94(7): e00127-20. doi: 10.1128/JVI.00127-20</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit9"><label>9</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Doobay MF, Talman LS, Obr TD, Tian X, Davisson RL, Lazartigues E. Differential expression of neuronal ACE2 in transgenic mice with overexpression of the brain renin-angiotensin system. Am J Physiol Regul Integr Comp Physiol. 2007; 292(1): R373-R381. doi: 10.1152/ajpregu.00292.2006</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Doobay MF, Talman LS, Obr TD, Tian X, Davisson RL, Lazartigues E. Differential expression of neuronal ACE2 in transgenic mice with overexpression of the brain renin-angiotensin system. Am J Physiol Regul Integr Comp Physiol. 2007; 292(1): R373-R381. doi: 10.1152/ajpregu.00292.2006</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit10"><label>10</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Palasca O, Santos A, Stolte C, Gorodkin J, Jensen LJ. TISSUES 2.0: An integrative web resource on mammalian tissue expression. Database (Oxford). 2018; 2018: bay028. doi: 10.1093/database/bay028</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Palasca O, Santos A, Stolte C, Gorodkin J, Jensen LJ. TISSUES 2.0: An integrative web resource on mammalian tissue expression. Database (Oxford). 2018; 2018: bay028. doi: 10.1093/database/bay028</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit11"><label>11</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">McCray PB Jr, Pewe L, Wohlford-Lenane C, Hickey M, Manzel L, Shi L, et al. Lethal infection of K18-hACE2 mice infected with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus. J Virol. 2007; 81(2): 813-821. doi: 10.1128/JVI.02012-06</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">McCray PB Jr, Pewe L, Wohlford-Lenane C, Hickey M, Manzel L, Shi L, et al. Lethal infection of K18-hACE2 mice infected with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus. J Virol. 2007; 81(2): 813-821. doi: 10.1128/JVI.02012-06</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit12"><label>12</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Montalvan V, Lee J, Bueso T, De Toledo J, Rivas K. Neurological manifestations of COVID-19 and other coronavirus infections: A systematic review. Clin Neurol Neurosurg. 2020; 194: 105921. doi: 10.1016/j.clineuro.2020.105921</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Montalvan V, Lee J, Bueso T, De Toledo J, Rivas K. Neurological manifestations of COVID-19 and other coronavirus infections: A systematic review. Clin Neurol Neurosurg. 2020; 194: 105921. doi: 10.1016/j.clineuro.2020.105921</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit13"><label>13</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Divani AA, Andalib S, Biller J, Di Napoli M, Moghimi N, Rubinos CA, et al. Central nervous system manifestations associated with COVID-19. Curr Neurol Neurosci Rep. 2020; 20(12): 60. doi: 10.1007/s11910-020-01079-7</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Divani AA, Andalib S, Biller J, Di Napoli M, Moghimi N, Rubinos CA, et al. Central nervous system manifestations associated with COVID-19. Curr Neurol Neurosci Rep. 2020; 20(12): 60. doi: 10.1007/s11910-020-01079-7</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit14"><label>14</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Baig AM, Khaleeq A, Ali U, Syeda H. Evidence of the COVID-19 virus targeting the CNS: Tissue distribution, host-virus interaction, and proposed neurotropic mechanisms. ACS Chem Neurosci. 2020; 11(7): 995-998. doi: 10.1021/acschemneuro.0c00122</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Baig AM, Khaleeq A, Ali U, Syeda H. Evidence of the COVID-19 virus targeting the CNS: Tissue distribution, host-virus interaction, and proposed neurotropic mechanisms. ACS Chem Neurosci. 2020; 11(7): 995-998. doi: 10.1021/acschemneuro.0c00122</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit15"><label>15</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Li YC, Bai WZ, Hashikawa T. The neuroinvasive potential of SARS-CoV2 may play a role in the respiratory failure of COVID-19 patients. J Med Virol. 2020; 92(6): 552-555. doi: 10.1002/jmv.25728</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Li YC, Bai WZ, Hashikawa T. The neuroinvasive potential of SARS-CoV2 may play a role in the respiratory failure of COVID-19 patients. J Med Virol. 2020; 92(6): 552-555. doi: 10.1002/jmv.25728</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit16"><label>16</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Mao L, Jin H, Wang M, Hu Y, Chen S, He Q, et al. Neurologic manifestations of hospitalized patients with coronavirus disease 2019 in Wuhan, China. JAMA Neurol. 2020; 77(6): 683-690. doi: 10.1001/jamaneurol.2020.1127</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Mao L, Jin H, Wang M, Hu Y, Chen S, He Q, et al. Neurologic manifestations of hospitalized patients with coronavirus disease 2019 in Wuhan, China. JAMA Neurol. 2020; 77(6): 683-690. doi: 10.1001/jamaneurol.2020.1127</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit17"><label>17</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Huang C, Wang Y, Li X, Ren L, Zhao J, Hu Y, et al. Clinical features of patients infected with 2019 novel coronavirus in Wuhan, China. Lancet. 2020; 395(10223): 497-506. doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(20)30183-5</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Huang C, Wang Y, Li X, Ren L, Zhao J, Hu Y, et al. Clinical features of patients infected with 2019 novel coronavirus in Wuhan, China. Lancet. 2020; 395(10223): 497-506. doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(20)30183-5</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit18"><label>18</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Chen N, Zhou M, Dong X, Qu J, Gong F, Han Y, et al. Epidemiological and clinical characteristics of 99 cases of 2019 novel coronavirus pneumonia in Wuhan, China: A descriptive study. Lancet. 2020; 395(10223): 507-513. doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(20)30211-7</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Chen N, Zhou M, Dong X, Qu J, Gong F, Han Y, et al. Epidemiological and clinical characteristics of 99 cases of 2019 novel coronavirus pneumonia in Wuhan, China: A descriptive study. Lancet. 2020; 395(10223): 507-513. doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(20)30211-7</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit19"><label>19</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Xu XW, Wu XX, Jiang XG, Xu KJ, Ying LJ, Ma CL, et al. Clinical findings in a group of patients infected with the 2019 novel coronavirus (SARS-Cov-2) outside of Wuhan, China: Retrospective case series. BMJ. 2020; 368: m606. doi: 10.1136/bmj.m606</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Xu XW, Wu XX, Jiang XG, Xu KJ, Ying LJ, Ma CL, et al. Clinical findings in a group of patients infected with the 2019 novel coronavirus (SARS-Cov-2) outside of Wuhan, China: Retrospective case series. BMJ. 2020; 368: m606. doi: 10.1136/bmj.m606</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit20"><label>20</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Wang D, Hu B, Hu C, Zhu F, Liu X, Zhang J, et al. Clinical characteristics of 138 hospitalized patients with 2019 novel coronavirus-infected pneumonia in Wuhan, China. JAMA. 2020; 323(11): 1061-1069. doi: 10.1001/jama.2020.1585</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Wang D, Hu B, Hu C, Zhu F, Liu X, Zhang J, et al. Clinical characteristics of 138 hospitalized patients with 2019 novel coronavirus-infected pneumonia in Wuhan, China. JAMA. 2020; 323(11): 1061-1069. doi: 10.1001/jama.2020.1585</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit21"><label>21</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Tian S, Hu N, Lou J, Chen K, Kang X, Xiang Z, et al. Characteristics of COVID-19 infection in Beijing. J Infect. 2020; 80(4): 401-406. doi: 10.1016/j.jinf.2020.02.018</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Tian S, Hu N, Lou J, Chen K, Kang X, Xiang Z, et al. Characteristics of COVID-19 infection in Beijing. J Infect. 2020; 80(4): 401-406. doi: 10.1016/j.jinf.2020.02.018</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit22"><label>22</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Guan WJ, Ni ZY, Hu Y, Liang WH, Ou CQ, He JX, et al.; China Medical Treatment Expert Group for Covid-19. Clinical characteristics of coronavirus disease 2019 in China. N Engl J Med. 2020; 382(18): 1708-1720. doi: 10.1056/NEJMoa2002032</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Guan WJ, Ni ZY, Hu Y, Liang WH, Ou CQ, He JX, et al.; China Medical Treatment Expert Group for Covid-19. Clinical characteristics of coronavirus disease 2019 in China. N Engl J Med. 2020; 382(18): 1708-1720. doi: 10.1056/NEJMoa2002032</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit23"><label>23</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Romero-Sánchez CM, Díaz-Maroto I, Fernández-Díaz E, Sánchez-Larsen Á, Layos-Romero A, García-García J, et al. Neurologic manifestations in hospitalized patients with COVID-19: The ALBACOVID registry. Neurology. 2020; 95(8): e1060-e1070. doi: 10.1212/WNL.0000000000009937</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Romero-Sánchez CM, Díaz-Maroto I, Fernández-Díaz E, Sánchez-Larsen Á, Layos-Romero A, García-García J, et al. Neurologic manifestations in hospitalized patients with COVID-19: The ALBACOVID registry. Neurology. 2020; 95(8): e1060-e1070. doi: 10.1212/WNL.0000000000009937</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit24"><label>24</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Belvis R. Headaches during COVID-19: My clinical case and review of the literature. Headache. 2020: 60(7): 1422-1426. doi: 10.1111/head.13841</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Belvis R. Headaches during COVID-19: My clinical case and review of the literature. Headache. 2020: 60(7): 1422-1426. doi: 10.1111/head.13841</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit25"><label>25</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Fang L, Karakiulakis G, Roth M. Are patients with hypertension and diabetes mellitus at increased risk for COVID-19 infection? Lancet Respir Med. 2020; 8(4): e21. doi: 10.1016/S2213-2600(20)30116-8</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Fang L, Karakiulakis G, Roth M. Are patients with hypertension and diabetes mellitus at increased risk for COVID-19 infection? Lancet Respir Med. 2020; 8(4): e21. doi: 10.1016/S2213-2600(20)30116-8</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit26"><label>26</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Maassen Van Den Brink A, de Vries T, Danser AHJ. Headache medication and the COVID-19 pandemic. J Headache Pain. 2020; 21(1): 38. doi: 10.1186/s10194-020-01106-5</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Maassen Van Den Brink A, de Vries T, Danser AHJ. Headache medication and the COVID-19 pandemic. J Headache Pain. 2020; 21(1): 38. doi: 10.1186/s10194-020-01106-5</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit27"><label>27</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Rinott E, Kozer E, Shapira Y, Bar-Haim A, Youngster I. Ibuprofen use and clinical outcomes in COVID-19 patients. Clin Microbiol Infect. 2020; 26(9): 1259.e5-1259.e7. doi: 10.1016/j.cmi.2020.06.003</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Rinott E, Kozer E, Shapira Y, Bar-Haim A, Youngster I. Ibuprofen use and clinical outcomes in COVID-19 patients. Clin Microbiol Infect. 2020; 26(9): 1259.e5-1259.e7. doi: 10.1016/j.cmi.2020.06.003</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit28"><label>28</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Chen T, Wu D, Chen H, Yan W, Yang D, Chen G, et al. Clinical characteristics of 113 deceased patients with coronavirus disease 2019: Retrospective study. BMJ. 2020; 368: m1091. doi: 10.1136/bmj.m1091</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Chen T, Wu D, Chen H, Yan W, Yang D, Chen G, et al. Clinical characteristics of 113 deceased patients with coronavirus disease 2019: Retrospective study. BMJ. 2020; 368: m1091. doi: 10.1136/bmj.m1091</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit29"><label>29</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Alkeridy WA, Almaghlouth I, Alrashed R, Alayed K, Binkhamis K, Alsharidi A, et al. A unique presentation of delirium in a patient with otherwise asymptomatic COVID-19. J Am Geriatr Soc. 2020; 68(7): 1382-1384. doi: 10.1111/jgs.16536</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Alkeridy WA, Almaghlouth I, Alrashed R, Alayed K, Binkhamis K, Alsharidi A, et al. A unique presentation of delirium in a patient with otherwise asymptomatic COVID-19. J Am Geriatr Soc. 2020; 68(7): 1382-1384. doi: 10.1111/jgs.16536</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit30"><label>30</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Helms J, Kremer S, Merdji H, Clere-Jehl R, Schenck M, Kummerlen C, et al. Neurologic features in severe SARS-CoV-2 infection. N Engl J Med. 2020; 382: 2268-2270. doi: 10. 1056/NEJMc2008597</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Helms J, Kremer S, Merdji H, Clere-Jehl R, Schenck M, Kummerlen C, et al. Neurologic features in severe SARS-CoV-2 infection. N Engl J Med. 2020; 382: 2268-2270. doi: 10. 1056/NEJMc2008597</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit31"><label>31</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Kotfis K, Williams Roberson S, Wilson JE, Dabrowski W, Pun BT, Ely EW. COVID-19: ICU delirium management during SARS-CoV-2 pandemic. Crit Care. 2020; 24(1): 176. doi: 10.1186/s13054-020-02882-x</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Kotfis K, Williams Roberson S, Wilson JE, Dabrowski W, Pun BT, Ely EW. COVID-19: ICU delirium management during SARS-CoV-2 pandemic. Crit Care. 2020; 24(1): 176. doi: 10.1186/s13054-020-02882-x</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit32"><label>32</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Cooper KW, Brann DH, Farruggia MC, Bhutani S, Pellegrino R, Tsukahara T, et al. COVID-19 and the chemical senses: Supporting players take center stage. Neuron. 2020; 107(2): 219-233. doi: 10.1016/j.neuron.2020.06.032</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Cooper KW, Brann DH, Farruggia MC, Bhutani S, Pellegrino R, Tsukahara T, et al. COVID-19 and the chemical senses: Supporting players take center stage. Neuron. 2020; 107(2): 219-233. doi: 10.1016/j.neuron.2020.06.032</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit33"><label>33</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Galougahi MK, Ghorbani J, Bakhshayeshkaram M, Naeini AS, Haseli S. Olfactory bulb magnetic resonance imaging in SARS- CoV-2-induced anosmia: The first report. Acad Radiol. 2020; 27(6): 892-893. doi: 10.1016/j.acra.2020.04.002</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Galougahi MK, Ghorbani J, Bakhshayeshkaram M, Naeini AS, Haseli S. Olfactory bulb magnetic resonance imaging in SARS- CoV-2-induced anosmia: The first report. Acad Radiol. 2020; 27(6): 892-893. doi: 10.1016/j.acra.2020.04.002</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit34"><label>34</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Parma V, Ohla K, Veldhuizen MG, Niv MY, Kelly CE, Bakke AJ, et al. More than smell – COVID-19 is associated with severe impairment of smell, taste, and chemesthesis. Chem Senses. 2020; 45(7): 609-622. doi: 10.1093/chemse/bjaa041</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Parma V, Ohla K, Veldhuizen MG, Niv MY, Kelly CE, Bakke AJ, et al. More than smell – COVID-19 is associated with severe impairment of smell, taste, and chemesthesis. Chem Senses. 2020; 45(7): 609-622. doi: 10.1093/chemse/bjaa041</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit35"><label>35</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Kaye R, Chang CWD, Kazahaya K, Brereton J, Denneny JC 3rd. COVID-19 anosmia reporting tool: Initial findings. Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg. 2020; 163(1): 132-134. doi: 10.1177/0194599820922992</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Kaye R, Chang CWD, Kazahaya K, Brereton J, Denneny JC 3rd. COVID-19 anosmia reporting tool: Initial findings. Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg. 2020; 163(1): 132-134. doi: 10.1177/0194599820922992</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit36"><label>36</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Giacomelli A, Pezzati L, Conti F, Bernacchia D, Siano M, Oreni L, et al. Self-reported olfactory and taste disorders in SARSCoV-2 patients: A cross-sectional study. Clin Infect Dis. 2020; 71(15): 889-890. doi: 10.1093/cid/ciaa330</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Giacomelli A, Pezzati L, Conti F, Bernacchia D, Siano M, Oreni L, et al. Self-reported olfactory and taste disorders in SARSCoV-2 patients: A cross-sectional study. Clin Infect Dis. 2020; 71(15): 889-890. doi: 10.1093/cid/ciaa330</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit37"><label>37</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Menni C, Valdes A, Freydin MB, Ganesh S, El-Sayed Moustafa J, Visconti A, et al. Loss of smell and taste in combination with other symptoms is a strong predictor of COVID-19 infection. medRxiv. 2020; 2020.04.05.20048421. doi: 10.1101/2020.04.05.20048421</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Menni C, Valdes A, Freydin MB, Ganesh S, El-Sayed Moustafa J, Visconti A, et al. Loss of smell and taste in combination with other symptoms is a strong predictor of COVID-19 infection. medRxiv. 2020; 2020.04.05.20048421. doi: 10.1101/2020.04.05.20048421</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit38"><label>38</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Lechien JR, Chiesa-Estomba CM, De Siati DR, Horoi M, Le Bon SD, Rodriguez A, et al. Olfactory and gustatory dysfunctions as a clinical presentation of mild-to-moderate forms of the coronavirus disease (COVID-19): A multicenter European study. Eur Arch Otorhinolaryngol. 2020; 277(8): 2251-2261. doi: 10. 1007/s00405-020-05965-1</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Lechien JR, Chiesa-Estomba CM, De Siati DR, Horoi M, Le Bon SD, Rodriguez A, et al. Olfactory and gustatory dysfunctions as a clinical presentation of mild-to-moderate forms of the coronavirus disease (COVID-19): A multicenter European study. Eur Arch Otorhinolaryngol. 2020; 277(8): 2251-2261. doi: 10. 1007/s00405-020-05965-1</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit39"><label>39</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Song J, Deng Y-K, Wang H, Wang Z-C, Liao B, Ma J, et al. Self-reported taste and smell disorders in patients with COVID-19: Distinct features in China. medRxiv. 2020: 41(1): 14-23. doi: 10.1007/s11596-021-2312-7</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Song J, Deng Y-K, Wang H, Wang Z-C, Liao B, Ma J, et al. Self-reported taste and smell disorders in patients with COVID-19: Distinct features in China. medRxiv. 2020: 41(1): 14-23. doi: 10.1007/s11596-021-2312-7</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit40"><label>40</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Avula A, Nalleballe K, Narula N, Sapozhnikov S, Dandu V, Toom S, et al. COVID-19 presenting as stroke. Brain Behav Immun. 2020; 87: 115-119. doi: 10.1016/j.bbi.2020.04.077</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Avula A, Nalleballe K, Narula N, Sapozhnikov S, Dandu V, Toom S, et al. COVID-19 presenting as stroke. Brain Behav Immun. 2020; 87: 115-119. doi: 10.1016/j.bbi.2020.04.077</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit41"><label>41</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Karimi N, Sharifi Razavi A, Rouhani N. Frequent convulsive seizures in an adult patient with COVID-19: A case report. Iran Red Crescent Med J. 2020; 22(3): e102828. doi: 10.5812/ircmj.102828</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Karimi N, Sharifi Razavi A, Rouhani N. Frequent convulsive seizures in an adult patient with COVID-19: A case report. Iran Red Crescent Med J. 2020; 22(3): e102828. doi: 10.5812/ircmj.102828</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit42"><label>42</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Moriguchi T, Harii N, Goto J, Harada D, Sugawara H, Takamino J, et al. A first case of meningitis/encephalitis associated with SARS-Coronavirus-2. Int J Infect Dis. 2020; 94: 55-58. doi: 10.1016/j.ijid.2020.03.062</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Moriguchi T, Harii N, Goto J, Harada D, Sugawara H, Takamino J, et al. A first case of meningitis/encephalitis associated with SARS-Coronavirus-2. Int J Infect Dis. 2020; 94: 55-58. doi: 10.1016/j.ijid.2020.03.062</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit43"><label>43</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Lu L, Xiong W, Liu D, Liu J, Yang D, Li N, et al. New onset acute symptomatic seizure and risk factors in coronavirus disease 2019: A retrospective multicenter study. Epilepsia. 2020; 61(6): 49-53. doi: 10.1111/epi.16524</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Lu L, Xiong W, Liu D, Liu J, Yang D, Li N, et al. New onset acute symptomatic seizure and risk factors in coronavirus disease 2019: A retrospective multicenter study. Epilepsia. 2020; 61(6): 49-53. doi: 10.1111/epi.16524</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit44"><label>44</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Yazbeck M, Sra P, Parvizi J. Rapid response electroencephalography for urgent evaluation of patients in community hospital intensive care practice. J Neurosci Nurs. 2019; 51(6): 308-312. doi: 10.1097/jnn.0000000000000476</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Yazbeck M, Sra P, Parvizi J. Rapid response electroencephalography for urgent evaluation of patients in community hospital intensive care practice. J Neurosci Nurs. 2019; 51(6): 308-312. doi: 10.1097/jnn.0000000000000476</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit45"><label>45</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Hepburn M, Mullaguri N, George P, Hantus S, Punia V, Bhimraj A, et al. Acute symptomatic seizures in critically ill patients with COVID-19: Is there an association? Neurocrit Care. 2021; 34(1): 139-143. doi: 10.1007/s12028-020-01006-1</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Hepburn M, Mullaguri N, George P, Hantus S, Punia V, Bhimraj A, et al. Acute symptomatic seizures in critically ill patients with COVID-19: Is there an association? Neurocrit Care. 2021; 34(1): 139-143. doi: 10.1007/s12028-020-01006-1</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit46"><label>46</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Vollono C, Rollo E, Romozzi M, Frisullo G, Servidei S, Borghetti A, et al. Focal status epilepticus as unique clinical feature of COVID-19: A case report. Seizure. 2020; 78: 109-112. doi: 10.1016/j.seizure.2020.04.009</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Vollono C, Rollo E, Romozzi M, Frisullo G, Servidei S, Borghetti A, et al. Focal status epilepticus as unique clinical feature of COVID-19: A case report. Seizure. 2020; 78: 109-112. doi: 10.1016/j.seizure.2020.04.009</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit47"><label>47</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Louis S, Dhawan A, Newey C, Nair D, Jehi L, Hantus S, et al. Continuous electroencephalography (cEEG) characteristics and acute symptomatic seizures in COVID-19 patients. medRxiv. 2020; 131(11): 2651-2656. doi: 10.1101/2020.05. 26.20114033</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Louis S, Dhawan A, Newey C, Nair D, Jehi L, Hantus S, et al. Continuous electroencephalography (cEEG) characteristics and acute symptomatic seizures in COVID-19 patients. medRxiv. 2020; 131(11): 2651-2656. doi: 10.1101/2020.05. 26.20114033</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit48"><label>48</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Galanopoulou AS, Ferastraoaru V, Correa DJ, Cherian K, Duberstein S, Gursky J, et al. EEG findings in acutely ill patients investigated for SARS-CoV-2/COVID-19: A small case series preliminary report. Epilepsia Open. 2020; 5(2): 314-324. doi: 10.1002/epi4.12399</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Galanopoulou AS, Ferastraoaru V, Correa DJ, Cherian K, Duberstein S, Gursky J, et al. EEG findings in acutely ill patients investigated for SARS-CoV-2/COVID-19: A small case series preliminary report. Epilepsia Open. 2020; 5(2): 314-324. doi: 10.1002/epi4.12399</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit49"><label>49</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Morfopoulou S, Brown JR, Davies EG, Anderson G, Virasami A, Qasim W, et al. Human coronavirus OC43 associated with fatal encephalitis. N Engl J Med. 2016; 375(5): 497-498. doi: 10.1056/NEJMc1509458</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Morfopoulou S, Brown JR, Davies EG, Anderson G, Virasami A, Qasim W, et al. Human coronavirus OC43 associated with fatal encephalitis. N Engl J Med. 2016; 375(5): 497-498. doi: 10.1056/NEJMc1509458</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit50"><label>50</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Poyiadji N, Shahin G, Noujaim D, Stone M, Patel S, Griffith B. COVID-19-associated acute hemorrhagic necrotizing encephalopathy: CT and MRI features. Radiology. 2020; 201187: 119-120. doi: 10.1148/radiol.2020201187</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Poyiadji N, Shahin G, Noujaim D, Stone M, Patel S, Griffith B. COVID-19-associated acute hemorrhagic necrotizing encephalopathy: CT and MRI features. Radiology. 2020; 201187: 119-120. doi: 10.1148/radiol.2020201187</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit51"><label>51</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Щербак С.Г., Вологжанин Д.А., Камилова Т.А., Голота А.С. Острые нарушения мозгового кровообращения при COVID-19. Университетский терапевтический вестник. 2023; 5(1): 5-35.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Shcherbak SG, Vologzhanin DA, Kamilova TA, Golota AS. Acute cerebrovascular accident in COVID-19. University Therapeutic Journal. 2023; 5(1): 5-35. (In Russ.).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit52"><label>52</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Quintanilla-Sánchez C, Salcido-Montenegro A, González-González JG, Rodríguez-Gutiérrez R. Acute cerebrovascular events in severe and nonsevere COVID-19 patients: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Rev Neurosci. 2022; 33(6): 631-639. doi: 10.1515/revneuro-2021-0130</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Quintanilla-Sánchez C, Salcido-Montenegro A, González-González JG, Rodríguez-Gutiérrez R. Acute cerebrovascular events in severe and nonsevere COVID-19 patients: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Rev Neurosci. 2022; 33(6): 631-639. doi: 10.1515/revneuro-2021-0130</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit53"><label>53</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Чухловина М.Л. Полинейропатии в условиях пандемии COVID-19. Журнал неврологии и психиатрии им. С.С. Корсакова. 2021; 121(5): 138-143.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Chukhlovina ML. Polyneuropathies during COVID-19 epidemics. S.S. Korsakov Journal of Neurology and Psychiatry. 2021; 121(5): 138‑143. (In Russ.). doi: 10.17116/jnevro2021121051138</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit54"><label>54</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Leonhard SE. Diagnosis and management of Guillain – Barré syndrome in ten steps. Nat Rev Neurol. 2019; 15(11): 671-683. doi: 10.1038/s41582-019-0250-9</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Leonhard SE. Diagnosis and management of Guillain – Barré syndrome in ten steps. Nat Rev Neurol. 2019; 15(11): 671-683. doi: 10.1038/s41582-019-0250-9</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref></ref-list><fn-group><fn fn-type="conflict"><p>The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.</p></fn></fn-group></back></article>
