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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">actabiomedica</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Acta Biomedica Scientifica</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Acta Biomedica Scientifica</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2541-9420</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2587-9596</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Scientific Centre for Family Health and Human Reproduction Problems</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.29413/ABS.2024-9.3.21</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">actabiomedica-4833</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ФАРМАКОЛОГИЯ И ФАРМАЦИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>PHARMACOLOGY AND PHARMACEUTICS</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Исследование нейропротективных свойств Orostachys spinosa экстракта сухого при холинергической недостаточности</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Neuroprotective effect of Orostachys spinose dry extract in cholinergic insufficiency</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7829-1424</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Разуваева</surname><given-names>Я. Г.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Razuvaeva</surname><given-names>Ya. G.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Разуваева Янина Геннадьевна – доктор биологических наук, ведущий научный сотрудник лаборатории безопасности биологически активных веществ</p><p>670047, г. Улан-Удэ, ул. Сахьяновой, 6</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Yanina G. Razuvaeva – Dr. Sc. (Biol.), Leading Research Officer at the Laboratory for the Safety of Biologically Active Substances, Institute of General and Experimental Biology</p><p>Sakhyanova str. 6, Ulan-Ude 670047</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">tatur75@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2618-7777</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Торопова</surname><given-names>А. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Toropova</surname><given-names>A. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Торопова Анюта Алексеевна – кандидат биологических наук, старший научный сотрудник лаборатории безопасности биологически активных веществ</p><p>670047, г. Улан-Удэ, ул. Сахьяновой, 6</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Anyuta A. Toropova – Cand. Sc. (Biol.), Senior Research Officer at the Laboratory for the Safety of Biologically Active Substances, Institute of General and Experimental Biology</p><p>Sakhyanova str. 6, Ulan-Ude 670047</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">anyuta-tor@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0009-4748-0068</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Баяндуева</surname><given-names>Е. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Bayandueva</surname><given-names>E. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Баяндуева Елена Александровна – аспирант</p><p>670047, г. Улан-Удэ, ул. Сахьяновой, 6</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Yelena A. Bayanduyeva – Postgraduate</p><p>Sakhyanova str. 6, Ulan-Ude 670047</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">baynduev@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3476-1014</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Николаева</surname><given-names>И. Г.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Nikolaeva</surname><given-names>I. G.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Николаева Ирина Геннадьевна – доктор фармацевтических наук, доцент, старший научный сотрудник лаборатории безопасности биологически активных веществ</p><p>670047, г. Улан-Удэ, ул. Сахьяновой, 6</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Irina G. Nikolaeva – Dr. Sc. (Pharm.), Docent, Senior Research Officer at the Laboratory for the Safety of Biologically Active Substances, Institute of General and Experimental Biology</p><p>Sakhyanova str. 6, Ulan-Ude 670047</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">i-nik@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБУН «Институт общей и экспериментальной&#13;
биологии» СО РАН</institution></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Institute of General and Experimental Biology, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2024</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>24</day><month>07</month><year>2024</year></pub-date><volume>9</volume><issue>3</issue><fpage>213</fpage><lpage>221</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Разуваева Я.Г., Торопова А.А., Баяндуева Е.А., Николаева И.Г., 2024</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2024</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Разуваева Я.Г., Торопова А.А., Баяндуева Е.А., Николаева И.Г.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Razuvaeva Y.G., Toropova A.A., Bayandueva E.A., Nikolaeva I.G.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.actabiomedica.ru/jour/article/view/4833">https://www.actabiomedica.ru/jour/article/view/4833</self-uri><abstract><p>Обоснование. Orostachys spinosa (L.) Sweet – многолетнее растение, имеющее широкий ареал произрастания и содержащее различные метаболиты (аминокислоты, флавоноиды, полисахариды и др.). Извлечения из надземной части растения используются в традиционной медицине в качестве противосудорожного и седативного средства.Цель работы. Исследовать нейропротективные свойства O. spinosa при холинергической недостаточности.Материалы и методы. Исследования проведены на 52 крысах линии Wistar. Животным ежедневно в течение 21 дня вводили скополамин (1 мг/ кг), далее в течение 14 дней – per os O. spinosa экстракт сухой в дозе 100 мг/кг. На 32-е сутки у животных вырабатывали условный рефлекс пассивного избегания (УРПИ), сохранность которого проверяли через 1, 24 и 72 часа; на 35-е сутки тестировали в «открытом поле». На 36-е сутки проводили биохимические и гистологические исследования головного мозга.Результаты. Установлено, что O. spinosa на фоне скополаминовой интоксикации снижает тревожность животных, стимулирует исследовательскую активность в «открытом поле», улучшает выработку и сохранность УРПИ, а также снижает количество функционально неактивных нейронов (пикнотических и «клеток-теней») в коре больших полушарий головного мозга. Экстракт снижает соотношение лактат/пируват на 47 %, интенсифицирует активность митохондриальных комплексов I и II на 54–64 %, увеличивает концентрацию аденозинтрифосфата в 1,6 раза по сравнению с контролем. O. spinosa проявляет антиоксидантные свойства, снижая содержание малонового диальдегида, повышая активность каталазы, глутатионпероксидазы и глутатионредуктазы в головном мозге.Заключение. O. spinosa экстракт сухой оказывает нейропротективное действие при холинергическом дефиците. Исследуемый экстракт проявляет антиоксидантные свойства и стимулирует энергетические процессы в головном мозге.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Background. Orostachys spinosa (L.) Sweet. – a perennial plant of a wide habitat and contains various metabolites (amino acids, flavonoids, polysaccharides, etc.). Extracts from the aerial part of the plant are used in traditional medicine as an anticonvulsant and sedative.The aim of the work. To study the neuroprotective effect of O. spinosa in cholinergic deficiency.Materials and methods. The studies were carried out on 52 Wistar rats. The animals were administered scopolamine (1 mg/kg) daily for 21 days, followed by O. spinosa dry extract per os at a dose of 100 mg/kg for 14 days. On the day 32, the animals developed a conditioned passive avoidance reflex (CPAR), the integrity of which was checked after 1, 24 and 72 hours; on the day 35 they were tested in an “open field”. On the day 36, biochemical and histological studies of the brain were carried out.Results. It has been established that O. spinosa, against the background of scopolamine intoxication, reduces the anxiety of animals, stimulates exploratory activity in the open field test, improves the production and preservation of the CPAR, and also reduces the number of functionally inactive neurons (pyknotic and shadow cells) in the cerebral cortex. The extract reduces the lactate/pyruvate ratio by 47 %, intensifies the activity of mitochondrial complexes I and II by 54–64 %, and increases the concentration of adenosine triphosphate by 1.6 times compared to the control. O. spinosa exhibits antioxidant properties by reducing malondialdehyde and increasing the activity of catalase, glutathione peroxidase and glutathione reductase in the brain.Conclusion. O. spinosa dry extract has a neuroprotective effect in cholinergic deficiency. The studied extract exhibits antioxidant properties and stimulates energy processes in the brain</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>Orostachys spinosa (L.) Sweet</kwd><kwd>экстракт сухой</kwd><kwd>нейропротективное действие</kwd><kwd>скополамин гидрохлорид</kwd><kwd>холинергическая недостаточность</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>Orostachys spinosa (L.) Sweet</kwd><kwd>dry extract</kwd><kwd>neuroprotective effect</kwd><kwd>scopolamine hydrochloride</kwd><kwd>cholinergic insufficiency</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Исследования проведены в рамках выполнения темы государственного задания по проекту FWSM-2021- 0005 (№ госрегистрации 121030100227-7)</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">World Health Organization. Ageing and health. 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