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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">actabiomedica</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Acta Biomedica Scientifica</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Acta Biomedica Scientifica</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2541-9420</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2587-9596</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Scientific Centre for Family Health and Human Reproduction Problems</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.29413/ABS.2024-9.3.17</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">actabiomedica-4828</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОФТАЛЬМОЛОГИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>OPHTHALMOLOGY</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Метаболические изменения в хрусталиках глаза при прогрессировании катаракты</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Metabolic changes in the eye lens in the progression of cataract</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7011-4220</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Чупров</surname><given-names>А. Д.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Chuprov</surname><given-names>A. D.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Чупров Александр Дмитриевич – доктор медицинских наук, профессор, директор; заведующий кафедрой медико-биологической техники</p><p>460047, г. Оренбург, ул. Салмышская, 17</p><p>460018, г. Оренбург, просп. Победы, 13</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Aleksandr D. Chuprov – Dr. Sc. (Med.), Professor, Director; Head of the Department of Biomedical Engineering</p><p>460047, Salmyshskaya str. 17, Orenburg</p><p>Pobedy ave. 13, Orenburg 460018</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">office@mail.ofmntk.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6378-4522</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Нотова</surname><given-names>С. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Notova</surname><given-names>S. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Нотова Светлана Викторовна – доктор медицинских наук, профессор, профессор кафедры биохимии и микробиологии</p><p>460047, г. Оренбург, ул. Салмышская, 17</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Svetlana V. Notova – Dr. Sc. (Med.), Professor, Professor at the Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology</p><p>460047, Salmyshskaya str. 17, Orenburg</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">snotova@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5611-5128</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Маршинская</surname><given-names>О. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Marshinskaia</surname><given-names>O. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Маршинская Ольга Владимировна – старший научный сотрудник</p><p>460047, г. Оренбург, ул. Салмышская, 17</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Olga V. Marshinskaia – Senior Research Officer</p><p>460047, Salmyshskaya str. 17, Orenburg</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">m.olja2013@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3717-4533</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Казакова</surname><given-names>Т. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kazakova</surname><given-names>T. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Казакова Татьяна Витальевна – старший научный сотрудник</p><p>460047, г. Оренбург, ул. Салмышская, 17</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Tatiana V. Kazakova – Senior Research Officer</p><p>460047, Salmyshskaya str. 17, Orenburg</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">vaisvais13@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Оренбургский филиал ФГАУ «НМИЦ «МНТК «Микрохирургия глаза» имени академика С.Н. Фёдорова» Минздрава России4 ФГБОУ ВО «Оренбургский государственный университет»</institution></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Orenburg branch of the S. Fyodorov Eye Microsurgery Federal State Institution; Orenburg State University</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Оренбургский филиал ФГАУ «НМИЦ «МНТК «Микрохирургия глаза» имени академика С.Н. Фёдорова» Минздрава России</institution></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Orenburg branch of the S. Fyodorov Eye Microsurgery Federal State Institution</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2024</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>23</day><month>07</month><year>2024</year></pub-date><volume>9</volume><issue>3</issue><fpage>171</fpage><lpage>178</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Чупров А.Д., Нотова С.В., Маршинская О.В., Казакова Т.В., 2024</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2024</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Чупров А.Д., Нотова С.В., Маршинская О.В., Казакова Т.В.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Chuprov A.D., Notova S.V., Marshinskaia O.V., Kazakova T.V.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.actabiomedica.ru/jour/article/view/4828">https://www.actabiomedica.ru/jour/article/view/4828</self-uri><abstract><p>Обоснование. Катаракта является одной из основных причин снижения зрения в мире, в связи с чем учёными активно продолжаются исследования по изучению механизмов развития данной офтальмопатологии.Цель исследования. Изучить метаболические изменения в мутнеющем хрусталике на экспериментальной модели.Материалы и методы. Работа была проведена на взрослых крысах-самцах линии Wistar (n = 60), которые были разделены на контрольную (n = 30) и опытную (n = 30) группы. Экспериментальная катаракта моделировалась путём ежедневного ультрафиолетового облучения (λ = 300–350 нм) в течение 6 месяцев по 20 минут. На 2-й, 4-й и 6-й месяцы исследования проводилось биомикроскопическое обследование переднего отдела глаза животных с помощью щелевой лампы для наблюдения за развитием катаракты; осуществлялся забор хрусталиков для определения содержания стеарилкоэнзим-А-десатураз и мелатонина методом иммуноферментного анализа. Результаты. На стадии начальной катаракты содержание фермента стеарил-коэнзим-А-десатуразы было статистически значимо ниже контрольных значений на 38 %; на стадии незрелой катаракты – на 30 %; на стадии зрелой катаракты – на 15,4 %. Выявлено, что на 6-й месяц исследования концентрация мелатонина в гомогенатах хрусталиков была ниже на 17 % при сравнении с контролем. Установлено наличие статистически значимой корреляционной зависимости между стеарил-коэнзим-А-десатуразой и мелатонином (r = 0,32).Заключение. Мелатонин и стеарил-коэнзим-А-десатуразы играют важную роль в ряде биохимических процессов, обеспечивающих правильное функционирование зрительного анализатора. Изменение концентрации данных биологических молекул может играть ключевую роль в патогенезе катаракты и ряда других офтальмологических заболеваний.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Background. Cataract is one of the main causes of decreased visual acuity in the world, and therefore scientists are continuing researches on the mechanisms of development of this ophthalmic pathology.The aim. To study metabolic changes in a cloudy lens using an experimental model.Materials and methods. The study was carried out on adult male Wistar rats (n = 60), which were divided into control (n = 30) and experimental (n = 30) groups. Experimental cataract were simulated by daily ultraviolet irradiation (λ = 300–350 nm) during 6 months for 20 minutes. At the months 2, 4 and 6 of the study, we carried out a biomicroscopic examination of the anterior eye of animals using a slit lamp to monitor the development of cataract. Lenses were collected to determine the content of stearoyl-coenzyme-A desaturases and melatonin using enzyme immunoassay.Results. At the stage of initial cataract, the content of the stearoyl-coenzyme A desaturase was statistically significantly lower than the control values by 38 %; at the stage of immature cataract – by 30 %; at the stage of mature cataract – by 15.4 %. It was revealed that at the month 6 of the study, the concentration of melatonin in lens homogenates was 17 % lower when compared with the control. A statistically significant correlation was established between stearoyl-coenzyme A desaturase and melatonin (r = 0.32).Conclusion. Melatonin and stearoyl-coenzyme A desaturase play an important role in a number of biochemical processes that ensure the proper functioning of the visual analyzer. Changes in the concentration of these biological molecules can play a key role in the pathogenesis of cataract and a number of other ophthalmic diseases</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>стеарил-коэнзим-А-десатуразы</kwd><kwd>мелатонин</kwd><kwd>катаракта</kwd><kwd>жирные кислоты</kwd><kwd>хрусталик глаза</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>coenzyme A desaturase</kwd><kwd>melatonin</kwd><kwd>cataract</kwd><kwd>fatty acids</kwd><kwd>eye lens</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Королева И.А., Егоров Е.А. Возрастная катаракта: профилактика и лечение. РМЖ. Клиническая офтальмология. 2018; 4: 194-198. doi: 10.21689/2311-7729-2018-18-4-194-198</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Koroleva IA, Egorov EA. Age-related cataract: Prevention and treatment. RMJ “Clinical ophthalmology”. 2018; 4: 194-198. 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