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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">actabiomedica</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Acta Biomedica Scientifica</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Acta Biomedica Scientifica</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2541-9420</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2587-9596</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Scientific Centre for Family Health and Human Reproduction Problems</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.29413/ABS.2024-9.3.15</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">actabiomedica-4826</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>НЕВРОЛОГИЯ И НЕЙРОХИРУРГИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>NEUROLOGY AND NEUROSURGERY</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Современные представления о фармакорезистентной эпилепсии, патогенезе, факторах риска и исходах её хирургического лечения</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Drug-resistant epilepsy: Current concepts, pathogenesis, risk factors, outcomes of surgical treatment</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8347-4425</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Тибекина</surname><given-names>Л. М.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Tibekina</surname><given-names>L. M.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Тибекина Людмила Михайловна – доктор медицинских наук, профессор кафедры нейрохирургии и неврологии</p><p>199034, г. Санкт-Петербург, Университетская набережная, 7-9</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Lyudmila M. Tibekina – Dr. Sc. (Med.), Professor at the Department of Neurosurgery and Neurology</p><p>Universitetskaya embankment 7-9, Saint-Petersburg 199034</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">lmtibekina@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8988-1240</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Аль-Сахли</surname><given-names>У. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Al-Sahli</surname><given-names>O. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Аль-Сахли Усама Абдулвахаб Мохаммед – клинический аспирант кафедры нейрохирургии и неврологии; врач-невролог</p><p>199034, г. Санкт-Петербург, Университетская набережная, 7-9</p><p>195257, г. Санкт-Петербург, ул. Вавиловых, 14</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Osamah Abdulwahab Mohammed Al-Sahli – Postgraduate at the Department of Neurosurgery and Neurology; Neurologist</p><p>Universitetskaya embankment 7-9, Saint-Petersburg 199034</p><p>Vavilovykh str. 14, Saint-Petersburg 195257</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">ycama2020@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9441-0155</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Флуд</surname><given-names>В. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Flud</surname><given-names>V. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Флуд Виктор Василевич – кандидат медицинских наук, ассистент кафедры нейрохирургии и неврологии</p><p>199034, г. Санкт-Петербург, Университетская набережная, 7-9</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Viktor V. Flud – Cand. Sc. (Med.), Teaching Assistant at the Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery</p><p>Universitetskaya embankment 7-9, Saint-Petersburg 199034</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">fludvictor@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБОУ ВО «Санкт-Петербургский государственный университет»</institution></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Saint-Petersburg State University</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБОУ ВО «Санкт-Петербургский государственный университет»; СПб ГБУЗ «Елизаветинская&#13;
больница»</institution></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Saint-Petersburg State University; Elizavetinskaya Hospital</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2024</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>23</day><month>07</month><year>2024</year></pub-date><volume>9</volume><issue>3</issue><fpage>153</fpage><lpage>163</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Тибекина Л.М., Аль-Сахли У.А., Флуд В.В., 2024</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2024</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Тибекина Л.М., Аль-Сахли У.А., Флуд В.В.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Tibekina L.M., Al-Sahli O.A., Flud V.V.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.actabiomedica.ru/jour/article/view/4826">https://www.actabiomedica.ru/jour/article/view/4826</self-uri><abstract><p>Несмотря на большой выбор противоэпилептических препаратов (ПЭП), треть пациентов остаются устойчивыми к действию современных ПЭП. Фармакорезистентная эпилепсия (ФРЭ) характеризуется невозможностью контроля над приступами у больного при применении по крайней мере двух адекватных схем ПЭП в эффективной суточной дозе в качестве монотерапии или в комбинации. При этом механизмами, ответственными за резистентность к фармакопрепаратам, в основном являются либо повышенное выведение ПЭП переносчиками из эпилептогенной ткани (гипотеза мультилекарственных транспортеров), либо снижение чувствительности рецепторов к лекарству в эпилептогенной ткани головного мозга. Предполагается наличие и других, но недостаточно изученных механизмов. С риском развития ФРЭ у пациентов с диагностированной эпилепсией связан ряд факторов, включая генетические, ятрогенные, пороки развития головного мозга и другие. Больные с ФРЭ имеют более высокую вероятность развития психопатологических расстройств (депрессия, тревога, психозы), доля которых значительно выше, чем в общей популяции. У них в 10 раз повышается риск летального исхода вследствие травм, снижения когнитивных функций и внезапной смерти (SUDEP, sudden unexpected death in epilepsy). Приоритетным методом лечения ФРЭ является хирургическое. Раннее выявление ФРЭ имеет решающее значение для установления потенциальных альтернатив лечения и определения того, является ли пациент кандидатом на хирургическое вмешательство. Анализ данных клинических, инструментальных методов исследования оперированных больных ФРЭ в раннем и отдалённом послеоперационном периоде позволит выявить факторы неблагоприятного исхода и повысить эффективность лечения данной категории больных.Целью исследования явилось изучение и обобщение данных литературы по патогенезу, факторам риска фармакоустойчивости к ПЭП больных эпилепсией с обоснованием необходимости своевременного выявления фармакорезистентности и направления пациентов с ФРЭ в специализированные центры для возможного оперативного лечения.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Despite the wide choice of antiepileptic drugs (AEDs), a third of patients remain resistant to the effects of modern AEDs. Drug-resistant epilepsy (DRE) is characterized by the inability to control seizures in a patient when using at least two adequate AED regimens at an effective daily dose as monotherapy or in combination. In this case, the mechanisms responsible for drug resistance are mainly either increased excretion of AEDs by transporters from epileptogenic tissue (the multidrug transporter hypothesis) or a decrease in the sensitivity of drug receptors in epileptogenic brain tissue. It is assumed that there are other mechanisms, but they remain understudied. A number of factors are associated with the risk of DRE developing in patients with diagnosed epilepsy, including genetic, iatrogenic, brain malformations, and others. Patients with DRE have a higher probability of developing psychopathological disorders (depression, anxiety, psychosis), the proportion of which is significantly higher than in the general population. They have a 10-fold increased risk of death due to injury, cognitive decline, and sudden unexpected death in epilepsy (SUDEP). The priority treatment method for DRE is surgery. Early identification of DRE is critical for identifying potential treatment alternatives and determining whether a patient is a surgical candidate. Analysis of data from clinical and instrumental research of operated patients with DRE in the early and late postoperative period will allow us to identify factors of unfavorable outcome and to increase the effectiveness of treatment for this category of patients.The aim was to study and to summarize literature data on the pathogenesis and risk factors of drug resistance to antiepileptic drugs in patients with epilepsy, justifying the need for timely identification of drug resistance and referral of patients with drugresistant epilepsy to specialized centers for possible surgical treatment.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>фармакорезистентная эпилепсия</kwd><kwd>патогенез</kwd><kwd>хирургическое лечение фармакорезистентной эпилепсии</kwd><kwd>исходы хирургического лечения</kwd><kwd>факторы риска</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>drug-resistant epilepsy</kwd><kwd>pathogenesis</kwd><kwd>surgical treatment of drugresistant epilepsy</kwd><kwd>outcomes of surgical treatment</kwd><kwd>risk factors</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Kalilani L, Sun X, Pelgrims B, Noack-Rink M, Villanueva V. 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