actabiomedicaActa Biomedica ScientificaActa Biomedica Scientifica2541-94202587-9596Scientific Centre for Family Health and Human Reproduction Problems10.29413/ABS.2024-9.3.6actabiomedica-4816Research ArticleАКУШЕРСТВО И ГИНЕКОЛОГИЯOBSTETRICS AND GYNAECOLOGYФакторы риска снижения овариального резерва женщин: актуальное состояние проблемRisk factors for diminished ovarian reserve in women: Current state of the problemhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-3139-9347ЗотовС. В.ZotovS. V.

Зотов Семён Вадимович – кандидат медицинских наук, главный врач, акушер-гинеколог, репродуктолог

630099, г. Новосибирск, ул. Урицкого, 20

Semen V. Zotov – Dr. Sc. (Med.), Head Physician, Obstetrician-Gynecologist, Reproductologist

Uritskogo str. 20, Novosibirsk 630099

doczotov@gmail.comhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-5637-7590ЛихачеваВ. В.LikhachevaV. V.

Лихачева Виктория Васильевна – доктор медицинских наук, доцент, профессор кафедры акушерства и гинекологии

654005, г. Новокузнецк, просп. Строителей, 5

Victoria V. Likhacheva – Dr. Sc. (Med.), Docent, Professor a the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology

Stroiteley ave, 5, Novokuznetsk 654005

viroli@mail.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-4810-5616МотыреваП. Ю.MotyrevaP. Yu.

Мотырева Полина Юрьевна – старший биолог

630099, г. Новосибирск, ул. Коммунистическая, 17

Polina Yu. Motyreva – Senior Biologist

Kommunisticheskaya str. 17/1, Novosibirsk 630099

motyreva.avicenna@gmail.comhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-2954-7494АзароваО. В.AzarovaO. V.

Азарова Ольга Валентиновна – врач акушер-гинеколог, репродуктолог, заведующая отделением вспомогательных репродуктивных технологий

654041, г. Новокузнецк, ул. Кутузова, 17

Olga V. Azarova – Dr. Sc. (Med.), Reproductologist, Head of the ART Department

Kutuzova str. 17A, Novokuznetsk 654041

az.o@mail.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-2724-6273АйзиковичБ. И.AyzikovichB. I.

Айзикович Борис Исаевич – доктор медицинских наук, профессор кафедры фундаментальной медицины Института медицины и психологии им. В. Зельмана

630090, г. Новосибирск, ул. Пирогова, 1

Boris I. Ayzikovich – Dr. Sc. (Med.), Professor at the Department of Fundamental Medicine

Pirogova str. 1, Novosibirsk 630090

dr.ayzikovich@gmail.comООО «ЦРТ-МЕД»CRT-MED LLCНовокузнецкий государственный институт усовершенствования врачей – филиал ФГБОУ ДПО «Российская медицинская академия непрерывного профессионального образования» Минздрава РоссииNovokuznetsk State Institute for Advanced Medical Education – Branch Campus of the Russian Medical Academy of Continuing Professional EducationАО Медицинский центр «Авиценна»“Avicenna” Medical Center JSCООО «Эксперт»Expert LLC of NovokuznetskФГАОУ ВО «Новосибирский национальный исследовательский государственный университет»Novosibirsk State University202422072024936978Copyright © Зотов С.В., Лихачева В.В., Мотырева П.Ю., Азарова О.В., Айзикович Б.И., 20242024Зотов С.В., Лихачева В.В., Мотырева П.Ю., Азарова О.В., Айзикович Б.И.Zotov S.V., Likhacheva V.V., Motyreva P.Y., Azarova O.V., Ayzikovich B.I.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://www.actabiomedica.ru/jour/article/view/4816

Овариальный резерв – основа женской фертильности. Основными маркерами овариального резерва являются уровень антимюллерова гормона и количество антральных фолликулов. Помимо естественной возрастной потери фолликулов, многие женщины сталкиваются c преждевременным снижением овариального резерва, связанным с множеством факторов. Причинами данного явления могут стать как различные заболевания, так и факторы внешней среды, образ жизни, социальные аспекты.Целью настоящего обзора стало рассмотрение влияния внешних факторов на овариальный резерв и фертильность женщин. Проведён систематический анализ данных современной научной литературы, отечественных и зарубежных источников. В поиске были задействованы такие информационные ресурсы, как PubMed, MEDLINE, Science Direct, eLibrary, Scopus, Cyberleninka. Проведён подробный анализ влияния загрязнения окружающей среды, образа жизни (сон, питание, физические нагрузки), перенесённых операций, вредных привычек, ожирения, психологических и социальных факторов на овариальный резерв и репродуктивную функцию женщин. Отмечено существенное снижение овариального резерва при низком качестве сна, чрезмерных физических нагрузках, несбалансированной диете, обеднённой животными белками. Регулярное употребление алкоголя, курение табака и воздействие некоторых химических загрязнителей окружающей среды приводят к преждевременному апоптозу фолликулов и наступлению менопаузы. Циркадианная дизритмия, хронический стресс и ожирение могут приводить к нарушениям овариально-менструального цикла и развитию бесплодия у женщин. Перенесённые операции на придатках являются существенным фактором риска снижения овариального резерва. Для выяснения точных механизмов воздействия различных факторов на фертильность женщин необходимы дальнейшие популяционные исследования

Ovarian reserve is the basis of female fertility. The main markers of ovarian reserve are the level of anti-Mullerian hormone and the number of antral follicles. In addition to the natural age-related loss of follicles, many women experience a premature diminished ovarian reserve associated with a number of factors. This can be caused by both various diseases and environmental factors, lifestyle, and social aspects.The aim of this review was to examine the influence of external factors on the ovarian reserve and women fertility. A systematic analysis of data from modern scientific literature, domestic and foreign sources was carried out. The search involved such resources as PubMed, MEDLINE, Science Direct, eLibrary, Scopus, Cyberleninka. A detailed analysis of the influence of environmental pollution, lifestyle (sleep, nutrition, physical activity), previous surgeries, bad habits, obesity, psychological and social factors on the ovarian reserve and reproductive function of women was carried out. Significantly diminished ovarian reserve was noted with low sleep quality, excessive physical activity, and an unbalanced diet poor with animal proteins. Regular consumption of alcohol, smoking and exposure to certain chemical environmental pollutants cause premature follicle apoptosis and the onset of menopause. Circadian dysrhythmia, chronic stress and obesity can lead to the ovarian menstrual cycle disorders and the development of infertility in women. Previous parovarium surgeries are a significant risk factor for diminished ovarian reserve. Further population-based studies are needed to determine the precise mechanisms of influence of various factors on female fertility.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.