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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">actabiomedica</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Acta Biomedica Scientifica</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Acta Biomedica Scientifica</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2541-9420</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2587-9596</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Scientific Centre for Family Health and Human Reproduction Problems</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.29413/ABS.2023-8.6.21</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">actabiomedica-4509</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ПСИХОЛОГИЯ И ПСИХИАТРИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>PSYCHOLOGY AND PSYCHIATRY</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Индивидуальная изменчивость высших психических функций дошкольников в аспекте материального достатка семьи (нейропсихологический анализ)</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Individual variability of higher mental functions in preschool children with regard to the material prosperity of the family (neuropsychological analysis)</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5729-0019</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Неровных</surname><given-names>М. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Nerovnykh</surname><given-names>M. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Неровных Марина Сергеевна – старший преподаватель кафедры психолого-педагогического образования </p><p>655017, г. Абакан, просп. Ленина, 90</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Marina S. Nerovnykh – Senior Lecturer at the Department of Psychological and Pedagogical Education </p><p>Lenina Ave. 90, Abakan 655017</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">s.mariana@list.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБОУ ВО «Хакасский государственный университет им. Н.Ф. Катанова»</institution></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Katanov Khakass State University</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2023</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>15</day><month>01</month><year>2024</year></pub-date><volume>8</volume><issue>6</issue><fpage>212</fpage><lpage>222</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Неровных М.С., 2024</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2024</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Неровных М.С.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Nerovnykh M.S.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.actabiomedica.ru/jour/article/view/4509">https://www.actabiomedica.ru/jour/article/view/4509</self-uri><abstract><p>Решение проблем индивидуального развития человека требует не просто накопления и обобщения данных, но и уточнения, системного понимания индивидуальной изменчивости высших психических функций в соотношении с факторами среды и учёта рисков, сопутствующих их формированию.</p><sec><title>Цель исследования</title><p>Цель исследования. Выявить системные закономерности соотношений индивидуальной изменчивости высших психических функций детей дошкольного возраста с материальным уровнем их семей.</p></sec><sec><title>Методы</title><p>Методы. Применялись традиционные нейропсихологические пробы, разработанные А.Р. Лурией и прошедшие адаптацию в лаборатории нейропсихологии факультета психологии МГУ им. М.В. Ломоносова. Было обследовано 180  детей дошкольного возраста из семей с высоким, средним и низким уровнем доходов.</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты. Наибольшей индивидуальной изменчивостью в период дошкольного возраста в соотношении с материальным уровнем семьи подвержены функции с долгим периодом формирования – это функции III блока мозга, и функции, обеспечиваемые преимущественно левополушарными отделами головного мозга. Дети из наиболее обеспеченных семей имеют самые высокие показатели индексов функций III  блока мозга (р  &lt;  0,001) и левополушарных функций (р  &lt;  0,001). У дошкольников из семей низкого материального уровня в зоне отрицательных значений оказались индексы функций как передних отделов головного мозга (р &lt; 0,001), так и функций левополушарных отделов (р &lt; 0,001).</p></sec><sec><title>Заключение</title><p>Заключение. Полученные эмпирические результаты исследования позволяют уточнить, что фактор материального достатка семьи – как непосредственно, факторно, так и опосредованно, кумулятивно, через систему проксимальных факторов, – может вносить свой избирательный вклад в изменчивость показателей высших психических функций детей, что проявляется в более интенсивном темпе формирования одних групп функций и  менее интенсивном – других, а также в выборе ведущей стратегии обработки информации, опирающейся на активность левого или правого полушария.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The problem of human individual development requires not just the accumulation and generalization of data, but also clarification, a systematic understanding of the individual variability of higher mental functions in relation to environmental factors and taking into account the risks associated with their formation.</p><sec><title>The aim</title><p>The aim: to identify systematic patterns of correlation between individual variability of higher mental functions of preschool children and the material prosperity of their families.</p></sec><sec><title>Methods</title><p>Methods. Traditional neuropsychological tests developed by A.R. Luria and adapted in the neuropsychology laboratory of the Faculty of Psychology at Lomonosov Moscow State University were used. We examined 180 preschool children from families with high, average, and low income.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results. The greatest individual variability in the period of preschool age in relation to the level of material prosperity of the family, are the functions with a long period of formation, these are functions of block III of the brain, and the functions provided mainly by the left hemispheric parts of the brain. Children from the most affluent families have the highest indices of brain block  III functions (p  &lt;  0.001) and left hemispheric functions (p &lt; 0.001). Preschoolers from low-affluence families had indexes of both front brain function (p &lt; 0.001) and left hemispheric function (p &lt; 0.001) in the zone of negative values.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusion</title><p>Conclusion. The empirical results of the study allow us to clarify that the factor of material prosperity of the family, both directly, factor-wise, and indirectly, cumulatively, through the system of proximal factors, can make its selective contribution to the variability of indicators of children’s higher mental functions.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>высшие психические функции</kwd><kwd>материальный уровень</kwd><kwd>дошкольники</kwd><kwd>изменчивость</kwd><kwd>социально-демографические характеристики</kwd><kwd>нейропсихологический анализ</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>higher mental functions</kwd><kwd>material prosperity</kwd><kwd>preschoolers</kwd><kwd>variability</kwd><kwd>socio-demographic characteristics</kwd><kwd>neuropsychological analysis</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Татур В.Ю. 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