References

actabiomedica

Acta Biomedica Scientifica

2541-94202587-9596

Scientific Centre for Family Health and Human Reproduction Problems

10.12737/article_59e85bc95a4e77.95444674

actabiomedica-434

Research Article

ГЕНЕТИКА, ПРОТЕОМИКА И МЕТАБОЛОМИКА

GENETICS, PROTEOMICS AND METABOLOMICS

Связь тандемного повтора 48bp VNTR гена DRD4 с избыточной массой тела/ожирением(обзор литературы)

Correlation of the 48bp VNTR locus of DRN4 gene with overweight/obesity (literature review)

Новикова

Е. А.

Novikova

E. A.

europe411@mail.ru

Баирова

Т. А.

Bairova

T. A.

tbairova38@mail.ru

Рычкова

Л. В.

Rychkova

L. V.

iphr@sbamsr.irk.ru

ФГБНУ «Научный центр проблем здоровья семьи и репродукции человека»Scientific Centre for Family Health and Human Reproduction Problems

2017

28092017

25(1)6368

2017

Новикова Е.А., Баирова Т.А., Рычкова Л.В.

Novikova E.A., Bairova T.A., Rychkova L.V.

Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.

https://www.actabiomedica.ru/jour/article/view/434

Распространённость избыточного веса и ожирения в современном мире имеет общемировой масштаб. По данным Всемирной организации здравоохранения (2014), в мире около 2 млрд взрослых имеют избыточный вес. Избыточной массой тела или ожирением страдают 42 млн детей в возрасте до 5 лет. Представлен взгляд на ожирение как на бихевиоральное заболевание, возникающее вследствие нарушений в функционировании генов рецепторов дофаминергической системы 2-го типа, а именно гена DRD4. Проведён анализ литературных данных, посвящённых поиску взаимосвязи полиморфного варианта гена DRD4 с нарушениями пищевого поведения, избыточной массой тела и ожирением. Наибольший интерес представляет тандемный повтор 48bp VNTR. Данные литературы по поиску взаимосвязи 48bp VNTR полиморфизма с избыточной массой тела, ожирением и нарушением пищевого поведения крайне противоречивы: во взрослой популяции Польши, Швеции, Канады, США, а также в детской популяции Канады установлена положительная связь между носительством длинной 7R-аллели и индексом массы тела, ожирением, нарушениями пищевого поведения. Однако исследования, проведённые в США, Бразилии, не выявив указанной связи, показали значимость других, в том числе коротких аллелей, тандемного повтора VNTR. Третья группа исследователей не обнаружила статистически значимых связей ни для длинной, ни для короткой аллелей VNTR полиморфизма DRD4 в популяциях Германии, Турции и Испании. Таким образом, в статье представлен обзор литературы, призванный обобщить взаимосвязь между тандемным повтором 48bp VNTR гена DRD4 и избыточным весом, ожирением и нарушением поведения, уделяя при этом особое внимание различиям в методологии и результатах исследования.

Obesity is one of the five global health risks; it is a worldwide problem. Mortality of obesity is 2.6 million per year. Recently, obesity is considered as a neurobehavioural disorder with defects appetite control. The central dopamine system regulates eating behavior. The cause of obesity is the diminished dopaminergic neurotransmission, which provokes an increase of food stimulus that leads to an increasing of the body mass index (BM1). 1n this case, the main candidate genes will be genes of dopamine type 2 receptors: dopamine receptor D2 (DRD2), D3 (DRD), D4 (DRD4). The article focuses on the DRD4 gene. The latest literature data about the relationship of various polymorphic variants of the DRD4 gene with eating disorders, overweight and obesity are analyzed. 1t has been clarified, that the 48bp VNTR is the main and most significant polymorphism. One part of the researches shows a positive correlation of the tandem repeat VNTR DRN4 gene with overweight, obesity, eating disorders, including the DRD4-S and DRD4-L alleles. The other part denies the correlation of the tandem repeat VNTR DRN4 gene with these indicators. Perhaps the contradictions are due to differences in research design, as well as ethnic, gender and age differences in cohorts, and due to the fact, that in vitro changes do not always correspond to changes in vivo.

избыточная масса телаожирениедофаминрецепторы дофамина 2-го типалокус VNTRсистема подкреплениянарушения пищевого поведения

DRD4overweightobesitydopaminedopamine 4 receptorsVNTR locusrewardeating disorders

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.