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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">actabiomedica</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Acta Biomedica Scientifica</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Acta Biomedica Scientifica</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2541-9420</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2587-9596</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Scientific Centre for Family Health and Human Reproduction Problems</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.29413/ABS.2023-8.3.21</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">actabiomedica-4227</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ХИРУРГИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>SURGERY</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Результаты лечения пациентов с высокими транссфинктерными аноректальными свищами: проспективное рандомизированное исследование</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Outcomes of surgery for high transsphincteric anal fistulas: prospective randomized trial</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9642-8260</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Чурина</surname><given-names>Ю. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Churina</surname><given-names>Yu. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Чурина Юлия Александровна – ассистент кафедры хирургии Института клинической медицины им. Н.В. Склифосовского</p><p>119991, г. Москва, ул. Трубецкая, 8, стр. 2, Россия </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Yuliya A. Churina – Teaching Assistant at the Department of Surgery, N.V. Sklifosovsky Institute of Clinical Medicine</p><p>Trubetskaya str. 8/2, Moscow 119991, Russian Federation </p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">churina@kkmx.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9232-6520</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Шлык</surname><given-names>Д. Д.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Shlyk</surname><given-names>D. D.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Шлык Дарья Дмитриевна – кандидат медицинских наук, доцент кафедры хирургии Института клинической медицины им. Н.В. Склифосовского</p><p>119991, г. Москва, ул. Трубецкая, 8, стр. 2, Россия </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p> Darya D. Shlyk – Cand. Sc. (Med.), Assistant Professor at the Department of Surgery, N.V. Sklifosovsky Institute of Clinical Medicine </p><p>Trubetskaya str. 8/2, Moscow 119991, Russian Federation </p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">shlykdarya@gmail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6005-6247</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Рзаев</surname><given-names>Р. Т.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Rzayev</surname><given-names>R. T.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Рзаев Рамин Теймурхан-оглы – кандидат медицинских наук, врач-рентгенолог отделения лучевой диагностики УКБ № 2</p><p>119991, г. Москва, ул. Трубецкая, 8, стр. 2, Россия </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Ramin T. Rzayev – Cand. Sc. (Med.), Radiologist at the Department of Radiology </p><p>Trubetskaya str. 8/2, Moscow 119991, Russian Federation </p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">ramin-rz@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7226-4641</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Балабан</surname><given-names>В. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Balaban</surname><given-names>V. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Балабан Владимир Владимирович – кандидат медицинских наук, доцент кафедры хирургии Института клинической медицины им. Н.В. Склифосовского</p><p>119991, г. Москва, ул. Трубецкая, 8, стр. 2, Россия </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Vladimir V. Balaban – Cand. Sc. (Med.), Associate Professor at the Department of Surgery, N.V. Sklifosovsky Institute of Clinical Medicine </p><p>Trubetskaya str. 8/2, Moscow 119991, Russian Federation </p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">balaban@kkmx.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7134-6821</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Царьков</surname><given-names>П. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Tsarkov</surname><given-names>P. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Царьков Пётр Владимирович – доктор медицинских наук, профессор кафедры хирургии Института клинической медицины им. Н.В. Склифосовского</p><p>119991, г. Москва, ул. Трубецкая, 8, стр. 2, Россия </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Petr V. Tsarkov – Dr. Sc. (Med.), Professor at the Department of Surgery, N.V. Sklifosovsky Institute of Clinical Medicine </p><p>Trubetskaya str. 8/2, Moscow 119991, Russian Federation </p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">tsarkov@kkmx.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГАОУ ВО Первый Московский государственный медицинский университет имени И.М. Сеченова Минздрава России (Сеченовский Университет)</institution></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation (Sechenov University)</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2023</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>11</day><month>07</month><year>2023</year></pub-date><volume>8</volume><issue>3</issue><fpage>190</fpage><lpage>200</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Чурина Ю.А., Шлык Д.Д., Рзаев Р.Т., Балабан В.В., Царьков П.В., 2023</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2023</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Чурина Ю.А., Шлык Д.Д., Рзаев Р.Т., Балабан В.В., Царьков П.В.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Churina Y.A., Shlyk D.D., Rzayev R.T., Balaban V.V., Tsarkov P.V.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.actabiomedica.ru/jour/article/view/4227">https://www.actabiomedica.ru/jour/article/view/4227</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Обоснование</title><p>Обоснование. Существует недостаток убедительных данных об эффективности и безопасности иссечения свища в просвет с ушиванием сфинктера для лечения высоких транссфинктерных аноректальных свищей.</p></sec><sec><title>Цель исследования</title><p>Цель исследования. Сравнение эффективности двух методик – иссечение свища с пластикой слизисто-мышечным лоскутом (Л) и иссечение свища в просвет с ушиванием дефекта сфинктерного комплекса (УС) – для лечения высоких аноректальных свищей.</p></sec><sec><title>Методы</title><p>Методы. В проспективное рандомизированное исследование последовательно были включены 92 пациента с транссфинктерным свищом при вовлечении от 1/3 до 2/3 запирательного аппарата. Первичной конечной точкой являлась частота рецидивов заболевания. В ходе исследования проанализированы длительность операции, объём кровопотери, болевой синдром, частота и характер послеоперационных осложнений, длительность заживления раны, инконтиненция, качество жизни.</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты. Количество пациентов в каждой группе составило 46 человек. Статистически значимая разница получена для длительности операции (группа «Л» – 45 (20–160) мин; группа «УС» – 33 (10–55) мин), при этом объём кровопотери оценивался в 3 (1–20) и 2 (1–10) мл в группах «Л» и «УС» соответственно (р = 0,482). Возвращение к труду в группах «УС» и «Л» наступило через 7 (2–14) и 8 (4–20) дней соответственно (р = 0,005). Болевой синдромбыл статистически значимо больше в группе «Л» (p &lt; 0,05) на 1-е и 7-е сутки. В группе «Л» рецидивы выявлены в 11 (23,9 %), в группе «УС» – в 3 (6,5 %) случаях (р = 0,042). Инконтиненция в группе «Л» наблюдалась у 7 (15,2 %) человек, в группе «УС» – у 10 (21,7 %) пациентов (р = 0,591). Не получено статистически значимой разницы в отношении послеоперационных осложнений.</p></sec><sec><title>Заключение</title><p>Заключение. Полученные результаты могут расширить показания для лечения высоких аноректальных свищей при вовлечении от 1/3 до 2/3 сфинктерного комплекса без значимого риска для функциональных результатов.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Background</title><p>Background. Reliable data on the efficacy and safety of fistulectomy with primary sphincter repair for the treatment of high transsphincteric anal fistulas are deficient.</p></sec><sec><title>The aim</title><p>The aim. To compare the efficacy and safety of fistulectomy with advancement muco-muscular flap (F) and fistulectomy with primary sphincter reconstruction (SR) for the treatment of high anorectal fistulas.</p></sec><sec><title>Methods</title><p>Methods. A cohort of 92 consecutive patients with transsphincteric anal fistula involving 1/3 to 2/3 of the sphincteric complex were included in prospective randomized study. The primary endpoint was the recurrence rate. The duration of surgery, blood loss, pain intensity, postoperative complications, the duration of wound healing, incontinence, quality of life were registered.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results. Forty-six patients were randomized in each group. A statistically significant difference was obtained for operative time (Group “F” – 45 (20–160) min, Group “SR” – 33 (10–55) min). The blood loss was 3 (1–20) and 2 (1–10) ml in Groups “F” and “SR”, respectively (p = 0.482). The return to work in Groups “SR” and “F” occurred after 7 (2–14) and 8 (4–20) days, respectively (p = 0.005). The pain syndrome was significantly greater in Group “F” (p &lt; 0.05) on days 1 and 7. Recurrence rate was in 23.9 % (11 cases) in Group “F” and in 6.5 % (3 cases) in Group “SR” (p = 0.042). Incontinence was in 7 (15.2 %) people in Group “F”, in 10 patients (21.7 %) – in Group “SR” (p = 0.591). There was no statistically significant difference in postoperative complications.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusion</title><p>Conclusion. Findings can expand the indications for the treatment of high transsphincteric anorectal fistulas involving from 1/3 to 2/3 of the sphincter complex without statistically significant risk for functional results.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>анальная инконтиненция</kwd><kwd>свищ</kwd><kwd>перемещённый лоскут</kwd><kwd>рецидив</kwd><kwd>магнитно-резонансная томография</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>fecal incontinence</kwd><kwd>fistula</kwd><kwd>surgical flaps</kwd><kwd>recurrence</kwd><kwd>magnetic resonance imaging</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Shawki S, Wexner SD. 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