actabiomedicaActa Biomedica ScientificaActa Biomedica Scientifica2541-94202587-9596Scientific Centre for Family Health and Human Reproduction Problems10.29413/ABS.2023-8.3.11actabiomedica-4213Research ArticleМОРФОЛОГИЯ, ФИЗИОЛОГИЯ И ПАТОФИЗИОЛОГИЯMORPHOLOGY, PHYSIOLOGY AND PATHOPHYSIOLOGYВозможности применения аминокислот с разветвлёнными боковыми цепями (BCAA) для лечения и профилактики саркопении у пациентов пожилого и старческого возраста (обзор литературы)Possibilities of using branched-chain amino acids for the treatment and prevention of sarcopenia in elderly and old patients (literature review)https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4114-5233КурмаевД. П.KurmayevD. P.

Курмаев Дмитрий Петрович – кандидат медицинских наук, ассистент кафедры эндокринологии и гериатрии

443099, г. Самара, ул. Чапаевская, 89, Россия 

Dmitry P. Kurmayev – Cand. Sc. (Med.), Teaching Assistant at the Department of Endocrinology and Geriatrics

Chapaevskaya str. 89, Samara 443099, Russian Federation 

geriatry@mail.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-0027-1786БулгаковаС. В.BulgakovaS. V.

Булгакова Светлана Викторовна – доктор  медицинских наук, доцент, заведующая кафедрой  эндокринологии и гериатрии 

443099, г. Самара, ул. Чапаевская, 89, Россия 

Svetlana V. Bulgakova – Dr. Sc. (Med.) Docent, Head of the Department of Endocrinology and Geriatrics 

Chapaevskaya str. 89, Samara 443099, Russian Federation 

osteoporosis63@gmail.comhttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-0097-7252ТреневаЕ. В.TrenevaE. V.

Тренева Екатерина Вячеславовна – кандидат медицинских наук, доцент кафедры эндокринологии и гериатрии

443099, г. Самара, ул. Чапаевская, 89, Россия 

Ekaterina V. Treneva – Cand. Sc. (Med.), Associate Professor at the Department of Endocrinology and Geriatrics 

Chapaevskaya str. 89, Samara 443099, Russian Federation 

eka1006@yandex.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0001-7519-7360ЧетвериковаИ. С.ChetverikovaI. S.

Четверикова Ирина Сергеевна – аспирант кафедры эндокринологии и гериатрии

443099, г. Самара, ул. Чапаевская, 89, Россия 

Irina S. Chetverikova – Postgraduate at the Department of Endocrinology and Geriatrics 

Chapaevskaya str. 89, Samara 443099, Russian Federation 

chetverikova_irina@list.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-5754-1057КосареваО. В.KosarevaO. V.

Косарева Ольга Владиславовна – кандидат медицинских наук, доцент кафедры эндокринологии и гериатрии

443099, г. Самара, ул. Чапаевская, 89, Россия 

Olga V. Kosareva – Cand. Sc. (Med.), Associate Professor at the Department of Endocrinology and Geriatrics 

Chapaevskaya str. 89, Samara 443099, Russian Federation 

o.v.kosareva@samsmu.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0001-8827-4919ШароноваЛ. А.SharonovaL. A.

Шаронова Людмила Александровна – кандидат медицинских наук, доцент кафедры эндокринологии и гериатрии

443099, г. Самара, ул. Чапаевская, 89, Россия 

Lyudmila A. Sharonova – Cand. Sc. (Med.), Associate Professor at the Department of Endocrinology and Geriatrics 

Chapaevskaya str. 89, Samara 443099, Russian Federation 

l.a.sharonova@samsmu.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0001-6678-6411ДолгихЮ. А.DolgikhYu. A.

Долгих Юлия Александровна – кандидат медицинских наук, ассистент кафедры эндокринологии и гериатрии

443099, г. Самара, ул. Чапаевская, 89, Россия 

Yulia A. Dolgikh – Cand. Sc. (Med.), Teaching Assistant at the Department of Endocrinology and Geriatrics 

Chapaevskaya str. 89, Samara 443099, Russian Federation 

yu.a.dolgikh@samsmu.ruФГБОУ ВО «Самарский государственный медицинский университет» Минздрава РоссииSamara State Medical University20231107202383106114Copyright © Курмаев Д.П., Булгакова С.В., Тренева Е.В., Четверикова И.С., Косарева О.В., Шаронова Л.А., Долгих Ю.А., 20232023Курмаев Д.П., Булгакова С.В., Тренева Е.В., Четверикова И.С., Косарева О.В., Шаронова Л.А., Долгих Ю.А.Kurmayev D.P., Bulgakova S.V., Treneva E.V., Chetverikova I.S., Kosareva O.V., Sharonova L.A., Dolgikh Y.A.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://www.actabiomedica.ru/jour/article/view/4213

В связи с высокой распространённостью саркопении среди пациентов пожилого и старческого возраста актуальными являются ранняя своевременная профилактика и лечение саркопении и её осложнений. Для сохранения мышечной силы и массы при старении могут применяться пищевые добавки белков. Представляет научный интерес возможность применения аминокислот с разветвлённой цепью (BCAA, branched-chain amino acids) в лечении и профилактике саркопении у гериатрических пациентов. BCAA способствуют синтезу и замедляют деградацию белков мышечной ткани, участвуют в процессах регуляции чувствительности тканей к инсулину, утилизации аммиака, цикле трикарбоновых кислот и т. д.

Стратегия поиска

Стратегия поиска. Поиск научных статей для обзора литературы производился в базах «PubMed» и «PubMed Central». Критерием выбора являлись научные статьи, опубликованные в период до декабря 2022 г. включительно. Ключевые слова для поиска: «branched-chain amino acids», «BCAA», «body composition», «sarcopenia», «aging». В список статей был включён Консенсус Европейской рабочей группы по саркопении второго пересмотра (European Working Group on Sarcopenia in Older People 2, EWGSOP2) 2019 г.

Выводы

Выводы. Возможность применения BCAA у пожилых и старых пациентов для профилактики и лечения саркопении является актуальной темой, которая продолжает активно изучаться. Эффективность добавок BCAA в рацион питания является спорной при условии ежедневного потребления достаточного количества белка. С другой стороны, добавление BCAA может быть оправдано в тех случаях, когда невозможно потреблять достаточное количество высококачественного белка с пищей. Необходимы дополнительные исследования по этой теме.

Due to the high prevalence of sarcopenia among elderly and old patients, early prevention and treatment of sarcopenia and its complications are relevant. Protein supplements can be used to maintain muscle strength and mass during aging. The possibility of using branched-chain amino acids (BCAAs) in the treatment and prevention of sarcopenia in geriatric patients is of scientific interest. BCAAs promote the synthesis and inhibit the degradation of muscle tissue proteins, are involved in the regulation of tissue sensitivity to insulin, ammonia utilization, the tricarboxylic acid cycle, etc.

Search strategy

Search strategy. The search for scientific articles for literature review was carried out in the PubMed and PubMed Central databases. The selection criterion was scientific articles published up to December 2022. We used the following search keywords: “branched-chain amino acids”, “BCAA”, “body composition”, “sarcopenia”, “aging”. The 2019 European Working Group on Sarcopenia in Older People 2 (EWGSOP2) Consensus was included in the list of articles.

Conclusions

Conclusions. The possibility of using BCAAs in elderly and old patients for the prevention and treatment of sarcopenia is a relevant topic that continues to be actively studied. The effectiveness of BCAA supplementation in the diet is debatable as long as sufficient protein is consumed daily. On the other hand, BCAA supplementation may be justified in cases where it is not possible to consume enough high-quality protein in the diet. More research is needed on this topic.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.