actabiomedicaActa Biomedica ScientificaActa Biomedica Scientifica2541-94202587-9596Scientific Centre for Family Health and Human Reproduction Problems10.29413/ABS.2023-8.3.2actabiomedica-4204Research ArticleДИСКУССИОННЫЕ СТАТЬИ, ЛЕКЦИИ, НОВЫЕ ТРЕНДЫ МЕДИЦИНСКОЙ НАУКИDISCUSSION PAPERS, LECTURES, NEW TRENDS IN MEDICAL SCIENCEМодификация липопротеидов низкой плотности низкомолекулярными карбонильными продуктами свободнорадикального окисления липидов и углеводов играет ключевую роль в атеросклеротическом повреждении стенки сосудов и дисфункции эндотелияModification of low-density lipoproteins by low molecular weight carbonyl products of free-radical oxidation of lipids and carbohydrates plays a key role in atherosclerotic lesion of the vascular wall and in endothelial dysfunctionhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-8018-0296ЛанкинВ. З.LankinV. Z.

Ланкин Вадим Зиновьевич – доктор биологических наук, профессор, руководитель отдела биохимии свободнорадикальных процессов

121552, г. Москва, ул. Академика Чазова, 15а, Россия 

Vadim Z. Lankin – Dr. Sc. (Biol.), Professor, Head of the Department of Biochemistry of Free-Radical Processes

Akademika Chazova str. 15a, Moscow 121552, Russian Federation 

lankin0309@mail.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-3870-9923ТихазеА. К.TikhazeA. K.

Тихазе Алла Карловна – доктор медицинских наук, профессор, главный научный сотрудник отдела биохимии свободнорадикальных процессов

121552, г. Москва, ул. Академика Чазова, 15а, Россия 

Alla K. Tikhaze – Dr. Sc. (Med.), Professor, Chief Research Officer at the Department of Biochemistry of Free-Radical Processes 

Akademika Chazova str. 15a, Moscow 121552, Russian Federation 

allatikhaze@yandex.ruКосачВ. Я.KosachV. Ya.

Косач Валерия Ярославовна – врач-кардиолог, аспирант

121552, г. Москва, ул. Академика Чазова, 15а, Россия 

 Valeriya Ya. Kosach – Cardiologist, Postgraduate 

Akademika Chazova str. 15a, Moscow 121552, Russian Federation 

cardiology81@gmail.comhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-0172-9472КоноваловаГ. Г.KonovalovaG. G.

Коновалова Галина Георгиевна – кандидат биологических наук, старший научный сотрудник отдела биохимии свободнорадикальных процессов

121552, г. Москва, ул. Академика Чазова, 15а, Россия 

Galina G. Konovalova – Cand. Sc. (Biol.), Senior Research Officer at the  Department of Biochemistry of Free-Radical Processes 

Akademika Chazova str. 15a, Moscow 121552, Russian Federation 

gavakon5050@mail.ruКудряшоваА. В.KudryashovaA. V.

Кудряшова Анна Викторовна – лаборант-исследователь отдела биохимии свободнорадикальных процессов 

121552, г. Москва, ул. Академика Чазова, 15а, Россия 

Anna V. Kudryashova – Clinical Research Assistant at the Department of Biochemistry of Free-Radical Processes 

 Akademika Chazova str. 15a, Moscow 121552, Russian Federation 

an.25.kud@gmail.comФГБУ «Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр кардиологии имени академика Е.И. Чазова» Минздрава РоссииNational Medical Research Centre of Cardiology named after Academician E.I. Chazov202311072023831424Copyright © Ланкин В.З., Тихазе А.К., Косач В.Я., Коновалова Г.Г., Кудряшова А.В., 20232023Ланкин В.З., Тихазе А.К., Косач В.Я., Коновалова Г.Г., Кудряшова А.В.Lankin V.Z., Tikhaze A.K., Kosach V.Y., Konovalova G.G., Kudryashova A.V.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://www.actabiomedica.ru/jour/article/view/4204

В обзоре приводятся доказательства участия липопротеидов низкой плотности (ЛНП), модифицированных низкомолекулярными дикарбонильными соединениями, образующимися при свободнорадикальном окислении липидов (малоновый диальдегид) и углеводов, в развитии дисфункции эндотелия и атеросклеротического поражения сосудов. Авторы полагают, что именно они, а не окисленные (гидропероксид-содержащие) ЛНП являются основными факторами патогенеза. Обсуждается роль дикарбонил-модифицированных ЛНП в LOX-1-зависимой индукции процессов, приводящих к развитию дисфункции эндотелия. Рассматриваются результаты исследований, доказывающих, что к повреждению покрывающего люминальную поверхность эндотелия гликокаликса – слоя макромолекул, препятствующего развитию дисфункции эндотелия, – ведёт гиперпродукция активных форм кислорода. Обсуждаются пути фармакологической коррекции процессов свободнорадикального окисления, благодаря которой может достигаться торможение процессов атерогенеза и диабетогенеза.

The review presents evidence of the participation of low-density lipoproteins (LDL) modified by low molecular weight dicarbonyl compounds formed during freeradical oxidation of lipids (malondialdehyde) and carbohydrates in the development of endothelial dysfunction and atherosclerotic vascular lesions. The authors believe that it is they, and not oxidized (hydroperoxide-containing) LDL, that are the main factors of pathogenesis. The role of dicarbonyl-modified LDL in LOX-1 dependent induction of processes leading to the development of endothelial dysfunction is discussed. The results of studies proving that damage to the glycocalyx (a layer of macromolecules that prevent the development of endothelial dysfunction) covering the luminal surface of the endothelium is caused by hyperproduction of reactive oxygen species. Ways of pharmacological correction of free-radical oxidation processes are discussed, due to which inhibition of atherogenesis and diabetogenesis can be achieved.

малоновый диальдегидметилглиоксальдисфункция эндотелиягликокаликслипопротеиды низкой плотностисвободные радикалыатеросклерозсахарный диабетmalondialdehydemethylglyoxalendothelial dysfunctionglycocalyxlow density lipoproteinsfree radicalsatherosclerosisdiabetes mellitusРабота выполнена при финансовой поддержке гранта Российского научного фонда № 22-15-00013.ReferencesHarman D. Aging: A theory based on free radical and radiation chemistry. J Gerontol. 1956; 11(3): 298-300. doi: 10.1093/geronj/11.3.298Harman D. Aging: A theory based on free radical and radiation chemistry. J Gerontol. 1956; 11(3): 298-300. doi: 10.1093/geronj/11.3.298Harman D. The free radical theory of aging. Free Radic Biol. 1982; 5: 255-275.Harman D. The free radical theory of aging. Free Radic Biol. 1982; 5: 255-275.Harman D. The free radical theory of aging: The “free radical” diseases. Age. 1984; 7: 111-131.Harman D. The free radical theory of aging: The “free radical” diseases. 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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.