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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">actabiomedica</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Acta Biomedica Scientifica</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Acta Biomedica Scientifica</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2541-9420</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2587-9596</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Scientific Centre for Family Health and Human Reproduction Problems</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.29413/ABS.2023-8.2.2</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">actabiomedica-4066</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ДИСКУССИОННЫЕ СТАТЬИ, ЛЕКЦИИ, НОВЫЕ ТРЕНДЫ МЕДИЦИНСКОЙ НАУКИ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>DISCUSSION PAPERS, LECTURES, NEW TRENDS IN MEDICAL SCIENCE</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Оценка эффективности противоэпидемических ограничительных мер с помощью оригинальных моделей клеточных автоматов</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Assessment of the effectiveness of restrictive epidemic control measures using original models of cellular automaton</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8930-8807</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Каратеев</surname><given-names>А. Ю.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Karateev</surname><given-names>A. Yu.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Каратеев Артем Юрьевич – кандидат исторических наук, доцент кафедры истории и теории политики факультета политологиию.</p><p>119991, Москва, Ленинские горы, 1</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Artem Yu. Karateev – Cand. Sc. (Hist.), Associate Professor at the Department of History and Theory of Politics.</p><p>Leninskiye Gory 1, Moscow 119899</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">artem.karateev@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru">ФГБОУ ВО «Московский государственный университет имени М.В. Ломоносова»<country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">Lomonosov Moscow State University<country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2023</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>03</day><month>05</month><year>2023</year></pub-date><volume>8</volume><issue>2</issue><fpage>12</fpage><lpage>25</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Каратеев А.Ю., 2023</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2023</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Каратеев А.Ю.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Karateev A.Y.</copyright-holder><license license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.actabiomedica.ru/jour/article/view/4066">https://www.actabiomedica.ru/jour/article/view/4066</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Обоснование</title><p>Обоснование. Продолжающаяся пандемия COVID-19, связанные с нею человеческие жертвы, возможность возникновения новых эпидемических угроз актуализируют поиск эффективных мер противодействия. Одним из наиболее эффективных инструментов борьбы, как показал опыт пандемии COVID-19, оказались ограничительные меры различного характера, особенно значимые в условиях, когда медицинские меры противодействия отсутствуют или недостаточны. Вместе с тем тема ограничительных мер и их математического моделирования, особенно с учётом её важности, раскрыта в недостаточной степени.</p></sec><sec><title>Цель исследования</title><p>Цель исследования. Определение возможности оценки эффективности противоэпидемических ограничительных мер с помощью применения оригинальных моделей клеточных автоматов с межклеточными границами.</p></sec><sec><title>Методы</title><p>Методы. Для определения влияния ограничительных мер на динамику ежедневного прироста инфицированных разработан оригинальный клеточный автомат с межклеточными границами, позволяющий моделировать противоэпидемические меры различной строгости. В проведённых численных экспериментах по методу Монте-Карло с последующей статистической обработкой изучалось воздействие ограничительных мер различной строгости на количество инфицированных, продолжительность эпидемии, качество прогнозирования. В заключительной серии экспериментов моделировалось распространение вируса COVID-19 в Германии в первой половине 2020 года.</p><p>Результаты показывают, что даже простая модель клеточного автомата с границами успешно описывает ход эпидемии и позволяет оценить эффективность ограничительных мер. Представлена зависимость ежедневного прироста инфицированных от строгости мер; показано, какие характеристики популяции могут влиять на эту зависимость. Выявлено, что наименее предсказуемый эффект имеют меры средней строгости (40–50 %, согласно Stringency Index), при которых может наступить как быстрая локализация очага, так и распространение эпидемии на большую часть популяции. Слабые и строгие ограничения дают более предсказуемый эффект.</p></sec><sec><title>Заключение</title><p>Заключение. Модели клеточных автоматов с межклеточными границами имеют большой потенциал для моделирования влияния ограничительных мер на ход эпидемии, позволяя прогнозировать динамику инфицированных на основе данных о популяции и вводимых ограничительных мерах.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Background</title><p>Background. The ongoing COVID-19 pandemic, the human casualties caused by it, and the possibility of new epidemical threats make the search for effective countermeasures actual. One of the most effective tools, as the experience of the COVID-19 pandemic has shown, is restrictive measures of various types, which are especially significant with medical countermeasures being unavailable or insufficient. At the same time, the topic of restrictive measures and their mathematical modeling, especially given its importance, is not sufficiently disclosed in the scientific literature.</p></sec><sec><title>The aim</title><p>The aim. To determine the possibility of assessing the effectiveness of restrictive epidemic control measures using original models of cellular automaton with intercellular boundaries.</p></sec><sec><title>Methods</title><p>Methods. To determine the impact of restrictive measures on the dynamics of the daily increase in infected people, an original cellular automaton with intercellular boundaries was developed, which makes it possible to simulate epidemic control measures of varying stringency. In the simulations carried out using the Monte Carlo method with subsequent statistical processing, we studied the impact of restrictive measures of varying stringency on the number of infected people, the duration of the epidemic, and the quality of forecasting. The final series of experiments simulated the spread of the COVID-19 virus in Germany in the first half of 2020.</p><p>The results show that even a simple cellular automaton model with boundaries successfully describes the course of the epidemic and allows us to assess the effectiveness of restrictive measures. The dependence of the daily increase in infected people on the stringency of measures is presented; it is shown what characteristics of the population can influence this dependence. It was found that the measures of medium stringency (40–50 % according to the Stringency Index) have the least predictable effect; they can cause both rapid localization of the focus and the spread of the epidemic to a large part of the population. Weak and strong measures give a more predictable effect.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusion</title><p>Conclusion. Cellular automaton models with intercellular boundaries have great potential for modeling the impact of restrictive measures on the course of an epidemic, making it possible to predict the dynamics of infected people based on the population data and the restrictive measures being introduced.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>COVID-19</kwd><kwd>эпидемия</kwd><kwd>ограничительные меры</kwd><kwd>математическое моделирование</kwd><kwd>агентно-ориентированные модели</kwd><kwd>клеточный автомат</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>COVID-19</kwd><kwd>epidemic</kwd><kwd>restrictive measures</kwd><kwd>mathematical modeling</kwd><kwd>agent-based models</kwd><kwd>cellular automaton</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Демчук А.Л., Капицын В.М., Каратеев А.Ю., Емельянова Н.Н., Дашкина И.В., Пашин М.М., и др. 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