actabiomedicaActa Biomedica ScientificaActa Biomedica Scientifica2541-94202587-9596Scientific Centre for Family Health and Human Reproduction Problems10.29413/ABS.2022-7.6.15actabiomedica-3891Research ArticleНЕВРОЛОГИЯ И НЕЙРОХИРУРГИЯNEUROLOGY AND NEUROSURGERYСовременное состояние лучевой диагностики дегенеративных изменений на поясничном уровне позвоночника (обзор литературы)The current state of radiodiagnostics of degenerative changes in the lumbar spine (literature review)https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7359-0019МалахановВ. А.MalakhanovV. A.

Малаханов Владлен Александрович – кандидат медицинских наук, врач-рентгенолог 

664046, г. Иркутск, ул. Байкальская, 118, Россия 

Vladlen A. Malakhanov – Cand. Sc. (Med.), Radiologist

Baikalskaya str. 118, Irkutsk 664046, Russian Federation 

malakhanow@gmail.comhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-4050-9157СеливерстовП. В.SeliverstovP. V.

Селиверстов Павел Владимирович – доктор медицинских наук, ведущий научный сотрудник научно-клинического отдела нейрохирургии 

664003, г. Иркутск, ул. Борцов Революции, 1, Россия 

Pavel V. Seliverstov – Dr. Sc. (Med.), Leading Research Officer at the Clinical Research Department of Neurosurgery

 Bortsov Revolyutsii str. 1, Irkutsk 664003, Russian Federation 

pavv2001@gmail.comМедведниковаН. Ш.MedvednikovaN. Sh.

Медведникова Написат Шамсутдиновна – врач-рентгенолог 

664046, г. Иркутск, ул. Байкальская, 118, Россия 

https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1120-0435

Napisat Sh. Medvednikova – Radiologist

Baikalskaya str. 118, Irkutsk 664046, Russian Federation 

 

napisat@inbox.ruКуприяновА. В.KupriyanovA. V.

Куприянов Андрей Владимирович – врач-рентгенолог 

664047, г. Иркутск, ул. Байкальская, 109, Россия 

Andrey V. Kupriyanov – Radiologist

 Baikalskaya str. 109, Irkutsk 664047, Russian Federation 

xrayer.ac@gmail.comОГБУЗ «Иркутская городская клиническая больница № 1»Irkutsk Clinical Hospital No. 1ФГБНУ «Иркутский научный центр хирургии и травматологии»Irkutsk Scientific Centre of Surgery and TraumatologyОГАУЗ «Иркутский областной клинический консультативно-диагностический центр»Irkutsk Regional Clinical Consulting and Diagnostic Center20222912202276146160Copyright © Малаханов В.А., Селиверстов П.В., Медведникова Н.Ш., Куприянов А.В., 20222022Малаханов В.А., Селиверстов П.В., Медведникова Н.Ш., Куприянов А.В.Malakhanov V.A., Seliverstov P.V., Medvednikova N.S., Kupriyanov A.V.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://www.actabiomedica.ru/jour/article/view/3891

Обследование позвоночника лучевыми методами остаётся наиболее часто проводимым исследованием в амбулаторной практике практически любого рентгенолога. В большинстве случаев изменения позвоночника носят дегенеративно-дистрофический характер. Данные изменения позвоночника являются ведущей причиной потери активности среди лиц взрослого и пожилого возраста, охватывают большой спектр возрастных структурных изменений. Большое значение имеет понимание возможностей и ограничений методов лучевой диагностики. Описание морфологических изменений, наблюдаемых при дегенеративно-дистрофических изменениях, требует использования единообразной терминологии и классификаций среди клиницистов и рентгенологов.Цель работы. Представить современные концепции в оценке дегенеративных изменений позвоночника c помощью лучевых методов исследования. Приводится описание стандартизованной международной номенклатуры патологии межпозвонкового диска и актуальные классификации стеноза позвоночного канала.Материал и методы. Для поиска литературных данных использовались электронные базы MEDLINE (PubMed), eLibrary, EMBASE и Cochrane Library с выборкой источников, опубликованных с 2000 по 2021 г. Анализу были подвергнуты работы, посвящённые диагностике дегенеративных изменений на поясничном уровне и дегенеративному стенозу.Выводы. Ключом к продуктивному общению между врачами является единообразие или стандартизация используемых терминологии и определений. Важно чтобы протокол описания, его термины, смысловые выражения в дальнейшем его пути были единообразны и понятны специалистам, которые занимаются диагностикой и лечением позвоночника. Магнитно-резонансная томография является ценным методом в диагностике дегенеративных изменений позвоночного столба, однако имеет свои ограничения.

Examination of the spine using radiological methods remains the most frequently conducted study in the outpatient practice of almost any radiologist. In most cases, changes in the spine are degenerative and dystrophic in nature. These changes in the spine are the leading cause of loss of activity among adults and the elderly, and cover a wide range of age-related structural changes. It is of great importance to understand the possibilities and limitations of radiological methods of diagnostics. The description of morphological changes observed in degenerative and dystrophic changes requires the use of unified terminology and classifications among clinicians and radiologists.The aim. To present modern concepts in the assessment of degenerative changes of the spine using radiological methods. A description of the standardized international nomenclature of intervertebral disc pathology and current classifications of spinal canal stenosis are presented.Material and methods. For literature search, we used electronic databases MEDLINE (PubMed), eLibrary, EMBASE and Cochrane Library with a selection of sources published from 2000 to 2021. We analyzed the works devoted to the diagnosis of degenerative changes in lumbar spine and to degenerative stenosis.Conclusion. The key to productive communication between physicians is the uniformity or standardization of terminology and definitions used. It is important that the protocol of description, its terms, semantic expressions be uniform and understandable to specialists who are involved in the diagnosis and treatment of the spine. Magnetic resonance imaging is a valuable method in the diagnosis of degenerative changes of the spinal column, but it has its limitations.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.