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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">actabiomedica</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Acta Biomedica Scientifica</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Acta Biomedica Scientifica</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2541-9420</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2587-9596</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Scientific Centre for Family Health and Human Reproduction Problems</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.29413/ABS.2022-7.6.8</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">actabiomedica-3884</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>КЛИНИЧЕСКАЯ ЛАБОРАТОРНАЯ ДИАГНОСТИКА</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>CLINICAL LABORATORY DIAGNOSIS</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Генотипическая и фенотипическая характеристика устойчивости к противотуберкулёзным препаратам штаммов Mycobacterium tuberculosis, выделенных от детей</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Genotypic and phenotypic characteristics of Mycobacterium tuberculosis drug resistance in TB children</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6449-5060</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Хромова</surname><given-names>П. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Khromova</surname><given-names>P. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Хромова Полина Андреевна – младший научный сотрудник лаборатории эпидемиологически и социально значимых инфекций </p><p>664003, г. Иркутск, ул. Тимирязева, 16, Россия </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Polina A. Khromova – Junior Research Officer at the Laboratory of Epidemiologically and Socially Significant Infections</p><p>Timiryazeva str. 16, Irkutsk 664003, Russian Federation </p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">polina.and38@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7160-9700</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Жданова</surname><given-names>С. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Zhdanova</surname><given-names>S. N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Жданова Светлана Николаевна – доктор медицинских наук, ведущий научный сотрудник лаборатории эпидемиологически и социально значимых инфекций </p><p>664003, г. Иркутск, ул. Тимирязева, 16, Россия</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Svetlana N. Zhdanova – Dr. Sc. (Med.), Leading Research Officer at the Laboratory of Epidemiologically and Socially Significant Infections</p><p>Timiryazeva str. 16, Irkutsk 664003, Russian Federation </p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">svetnii73@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Соловьёва</surname><given-names>Н. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Solovieva</surname><given-names>N. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Соловьёва Наталья Сергеевна – кандидат медицинских наук, заведующая бактериологической лабораторией </p><p>191036, г. Санкт-Петербург, Лиговский пр., 2-4, Россия </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Natalya S. Solovieva – Cand. Sc. (Med.), Head of Bacteriological Laboratory</p><p>Ligovsky proezd 2-4, Saint Petersburg 191036, Russian Federation </p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">baclab@spbniif.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3396-9590</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Синьков</surname><given-names>В. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Sinkov</surname><given-names>V. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Синьков Вячеслав Владимирович – кандидат медицинских наук, старший научный сотрудник лаборатории эпидемиологически и социально значимых инфекций </p><p>664003, г. Иркутск, ул. Тимирязева, 16, Россия</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Vyacheslav V. Sinkov – Cand. Sc. (Med.), Senior Research Officer at the Laboratory of Epidemiologically and Socially Significant Infections</p><p>Timiryazeva str. 16, Irkutsk 664003, Russian Federation </p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">vsinkov@yandex.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7647-1034</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Машарский</surname><given-names>А. Э.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Masharsky</surname><given-names>A. E.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Машарский Алексей Эльвинович – кандидат биологических наук, ведущий специалист </p><p>199034, г. Санкт-Петербург, Университетская наб., 7/9, Россия </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Alexey E. Masharsky – Cand. Sc. (Med.), Leading Specialist</p><p>Universitetskaya emb. 7/9, Saint Petersburg 199034, Russian Federation </p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">alexey.masharsky@spbu.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9140-8957</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Вязовая</surname><given-names>А. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Vyazovaya</surname><given-names>A. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Вязовая Анна Александровна – кандидат биологических наук, старший научный сотрудник лаборатории молекулярной эпидемиологии и эволюционной генетики</p><p>197101, г. Санкт-Петербург, ул. Мира, 14, Россия </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Anna A. Vyazovaya – Cand. Sc. (Biol.), Senior Research Officer at the Laboratory of Molecular Epidemiology and Evolutionary Genetics</p><p>Mira str. 14, Saint Petersburg 197101, Russian Federation </p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">annavyazovaya@pasteurorg.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-4"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5924-0576</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Мокроусов</surname><given-names>И. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Mokrousov</surname><given-names>I. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Мокроусов Игорь Владиславович – доктор биологических наук, заведующий лабораторией молекулярной эпидемиологии и эволюционной генетики </p><p>197101, г. Санкт-Петербург, ул. Мира, 14, Россия </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Igor V. Mokrousov – Dr. Sc. (Biol.), Head of Molecular Epidemiology and Evolutionary Genetics Laboratory</p><p>Mira str. 14, Saint Petersburg 197101, Russian Federation </p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">imokrousov@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-4"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2910-0737</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Рычкова</surname><given-names>Л. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Rychkova</surname><given-names>L. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Рычкова Любовь Владимировна – доктор медицинских наук, профессор, член-корреспондент РАН, директор </p><p>664003, г. Иркутск, ул. Тимирязева, 16, Россия</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Lyubov V. Rychkova – Dr. Sc. (Med.), Professor, Corresponding Member of RAS, Director</p><p>Timiryazeva str. 16, Irkutsk 664003, Russian Federation </p><p> </p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">iphr@sbamsr.irk.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3354-2992</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Колесникова</surname><given-names>Л. И.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kolesnikova</surname><given-names>L. I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Колесникова Любовь Ильинична – доктор медицинских наук, профессор, академик РАН, научный руководитель </p><p>664003, г. Иркутск, ул. Тимирязева, 16, Россия</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Lyubov I. Kolesnikova – Dr. Sc. (Med.), Professor, Academician of RAS, Academic Director</p><p>Timiryazeva str. 16, Irkutsk 664003, Russian Federation </p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">iphr@sbamsr.irk.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6906-6225</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Журавлев</surname><given-names>В. Ю.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Zhuravlev</surname><given-names>V. Yu.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Журавлев Вячеслав Юрьевич – кандидат медицинских наук, руководитель отдела лабораторных исследований </p><p>191036, г. Санкт-Петербург, Лиговский пр., 2-4, Россия </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Vyacheslav Yu. Zhuravlev – Cand. Sc. (Med.), Leading Research Officer, Coordinator of Laboratory Diagnostics Direction, Head of Laboratory for Etiological Diagnostics</p><p> Ligovsky proezd 2-4, Saint Petersburg 191036, Russian Federation </p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">jouravlev-slava@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3168-1983</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Огарков</surname><given-names>О. Б.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Ogarkov</surname><given-names>O. B.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Огарков Олег Борисович – доктор медицинских наук, заведующий отделом эпидемиологии и микробиологии </p><p>664003, г. Иркутск, ул. Тимирязева, 16, Россия</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Oleg B. Ogarkov – Dr. Sc. (Med.), Head of the Laboratory of Epidemiologically and Socially Significant Infections</p><p>Timiryazeva str. 16, Irkutsk 664003, Russian Federation </p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">obogarkov@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБНУ «Научный центр проблем здоровья семьи и репродукции человека»</institution></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Scientific Centre for Family Health and Human Reproduction Problems</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБУ «Санкт-Петербургский научно-исследовательский институт фтизиопульмонологии» Минздрава России</institution></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Saint Petersburg Research Institute of Phthisiopulmonology</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-3"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Ресурсный центр «Центр Биобанк», Научный парк, ФГБОУ ВО «Санкт-Петербургский государственный университет»</institution></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>The Bio-Bank Resource Center, Research Park, Saint Petersburg State University</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-4"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФБУН «Санкт-Петербургский научно-исследовательский институт эпидемиологии и микробиологии им. Пастера»</institution></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Saint Petersburg Pasteur Institute</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2022</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>29</day><month>12</month><year>2022</year></pub-date><volume>7</volume><issue>6</issue><fpage>82</fpage><lpage>91</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Хромова П.А., Жданова С.Н., Соловьёва Н.С., Синьков В.В., Машарский А.Э., Вязовая А.А., Мокроусов И.В., Рычкова Л.В., Колесникова Л.И., Журавлев В.Ю., Огарков О.Б., 2022</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2022</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Хромова П.А., Жданова С.Н., Соловьёва Н.С., Синьков В.В., Машарский А.Э., Вязовая А.А., Мокроусов И.В., Рычкова Л.В., Колесникова Л.И., Журавлев В.Ю., Огарков О.Б.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Khromova P.A., Zhdanova S.N., Solovieva N.S., Sinkov V.V., Masharsky A.E., Vyazovaya A.A., Mokrousov I.V., Rychkova L.V., Kolesnikova L.I., Zhuravlev V.Y., Ogarkov O.B.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.actabiomedica.ru/jour/article/view/3884">https://www.actabiomedica.ru/jour/article/view/3884</self-uri><abstract><p>Обоснование. По данным Всемирной организации здравоохранения, Российская Федерация остаётся в списке 30 стран с наиболее высоким бременем туберкулёза, включая его формы с множественной лекарственной устойчивостью (МЛУ). Важнейшей частью этой проблемы является первичный туберкулёз с множественной и широкой лекарственной устойчивостью (ШЛУ), распространяющийся среди детского населения.Цель исследования: сравнительный анализ фенотипического и генотипического профиля лекарственной устойчивости к противотуберкулёзным препаратам (ПТП) по данным полногеномного секвенирования штаммов M. tuberculosis, полученных от детей.Материалы и методы. Было осуществлено полногеномное секвенирование (WGS) 61 изолята M. tuberculosis с поиском мутаций в генах лекарственной устойчивости, выделенного от больных туберкулёзом детей в 2006–2020 гг. из разных регионов РФ, и дальнейшим сопоставлением профиля генетической и фенотипической чувствительности.Результаты. Доминирующее число штаммов принадлежало генотипу Beijing – 82 % (50/61), в частности субтипу Central Asian Russian, B0/W148 и Asian Ancestral. Остальные штаммы были отнесены в группу non-Beijing (Ural, S, LAM) и составили 18 % (11/61) выборки. Из 61 изолята только 14,7 % (9/61) были чувствительными к ПТП, 49,2 % (30/61) – обладали МЛУ и 14,7 % (9/61) – пре-ШЛУ. При сравнении профиля устойчивости (МЛУ/пре-ШЛУ) с соответствующим генотипом было установлено, что изоляты, принадлежащие генотипу Beijing, значимо чаще несли МЛУ/пре-ШЛУ мутации. Расхождения между гено- и фенотипическими профилями лекарственной устойчивости были выявлены в 11,5 % (7/61) случаев.Заключение. Результаты анализа полученных данных свидетельствуют о доминировании эпидемически значимых субтипов Beijing (B0/W148 и Central Asian Russian) в случаях МЛУ и пре-ШЛУ-ТБ. Сделан вывод, что молекулярные механизмы адаптации M. tuberculosis к лечению ПТП не являются уникальными для детской популяции, а отражают общие процессы распространения ЛУ среди штаммов M. tuberculosis в целом по России.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Background. Russian Federation is included in the list of 30 countries with the highest burden of tuberculosis, including MDR tuberculosis. The most important part of this problem is the primary MDR/XDR TB in children.The aim: a comparative analysis of the phenotypic and genotypic profile of drug resistance to anti-tuberculosis drugs (ATP) according to whole genome sequencing of M. tuberculosis strains from children.Materials and methods. Whole genome sequencing (WGS) results of 61 M. tuberculosis isolates from children with tuberculosis in 2006–2020 in the Russian Federation were analyzed for anti-TB drug resistance mutations, according to the WHO catalog and were compared with the results of phenotypic drug sensitivity.Results. The M. tuberculosis belonged to two genetic groups: Beijing genotype – 82 % (50/61) dominant Central Asian Russian (31/50) and B0/W148 (16/50) subtypes, and non-Beijing (Ural, S, LAM) – 18 % (11/61). Three isolates belonged to Asian Ancestral subtype (3/50). Of the 61 isolates, only 14.7 % (9/61) were sensitive to antiTB drugs, 49.2 % (30/61) were MDR and 14.7 % (9/61) were pre-XDR. Comparison of the resistance profile (MDR/pre-XDR) with genotype revealed an upward shift for Beijing isolates, in particular Beijing B0/W148 (15/16) subline compared to other Beijing (19/34) (Chi-square with Yates correction = 5.535; p &lt; 0.05) and nonBeijing (5/12) (Chi-square with Yates correction = 6.741; p &lt; 0.05) subtypes. Discrepancies between genotypic and phenotypic drug resistance profiles were found in 11.5 % (7/61) of cases.Conclusions. Based on the analysis of WGS data, the genotypic characteristics of M. tuberculosis and the most complete set of drug resistance mutations were obtained, indicating a significant prevalence in MDR and pre-XDR TB of cases caused by epidemic subtypes of Beijing (B0/W148 and Central Asian Russian). The molecular mechanisms of adaptation of M. tuberculosis to the treatment of anti-TB drugs are not unique for the child population but reflect the general processes of the spread of MDR/XDR in Russia.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>Mycobacterium tuberculosis</kwd><kwd>полногеномное секвенирование</kwd><kwd>дети</kwd><kwd>множественная лекарственная устойчивость</kwd><kwd>спектр мутаций</kwd><kwd>генотип</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>Mycobacterium tuberculosis</kwd><kwd>whole genome sequencing</kwd><kwd>children</kwd><kwd>multidrug resistance</kwd><kwd>mutation spectrum</kwd><kwd>genotype</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Работа выполнена при поддержке Российского фонда фундаментальных исследований (19-515-55009 Китай_а).</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">WHO. 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