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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">actabiomedica</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Acta Biomedica Scientifica</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Acta Biomedica Scientifica</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2541-9420</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2587-9596</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Scientific Centre for Family Health and Human Reproduction Problems</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.29413/ABS.2022-7.5-2.27</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">actabiomedica-3848</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ЭКСПЕРИМЕНТАЛЬНЫЕ ИССЛЕДОВАНИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>EXPERIMENTAL RESEARCHES</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Экспериментальная модель нормотрофического ложного сустава большеберцовой кости кролика</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Experimental model of normotrophic pseudarthrosis of a rabbit’s tibia</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3210-9962</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Смирнов</surname><given-names>С. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Smirnov</surname><given-names>S. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Смирнов Сергей Сергеевич – лаборант-исследователь Центра доклинических и трансляционных исследований; клинический ординатор 2-го года кафедры травматологии и ортопедии</p><p>197341, г. Санкт-Петербург, ул. Аккуратова, 2</p><p>197022, г. Санкт-Петербург, ул. Льва Толстого, 6-8</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Sergey S. Smirnov – Laboratory Assistant at the Center for Preclinical and Translational Researches; 2nd year Resident Physician at the Department of Traumatology and Orthopedics</p><p>Akkuratova str. 2, Saint Petersburg 197341</p><p>Lva Tolstogo str. 6-8, Saint Petersburg 197022</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">smirnovssmd@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6132-0305</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Щепкина</surname><given-names>Е. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Shchepkina</surname><given-names>E. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Щепкина Елена Андреевна – кандидат медицинских наук, доцент, доцент кафедры травматологии и ортопедии и кафедры общеврачебной практики (семейной медицины); старший научный сотрудник научного отделения лечения травм и их последствий</p><p>197022, г. Санкт-Петербург, ул. Льва Толстого, 6-8</p><p>195427, г. Санкт-Петербург, ул. Байкова, 8</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Elena A. Shchepkina – Cand. Sc. (Med.), Docent, Associate Professor at the Department of Traumatology and Orthopedics and the Department of General Practice (Family Practice), Pavlov First Saint Petersburg State Medical University; Senior Research Officer at the Scientific Department of the Treatment of Traumas and their Consequences, Vreden National Medical Center for Traumatology and Orthopedics</p><p>Lva Tolstogo str. 6-8, Saint Petersburg 197022</p><p>Baykova str. 8, Saint Petersburg 195427</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">shchepkina_elena@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1002-9419</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Шиленко</surname><given-names>Л. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Shilenko</surname><given-names>L. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Шиленко Леонид Алексеевич – лаборант-исследователь Центра доклинических и трансляционных исследований; студент 5-го курса</p><p>197341, г. Санкт-Петербург, ул. Аккуратова, 2</p><p>197022, г. Санкт-Петербург, ул. Льва Толстого, 6-8</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Leonid A. Shilenko – Laboratory Assistant at the Center for Preclinical and Translational Researches; 5th year Student</p><p>Akkuratova str. 2, Saint Petersburg 197341</p><p>Lva Tolstogo str. 6-8, Saint Petersburg 197022</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">Leonidmed99@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3704-1549</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Самсоненко</surname><given-names>Е. К.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Samsonenko</surname><given-names>E. K.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Самсоненко Егор Константинович – студент 6-го курса</p><p>197022, г. Санкт-Петербург, ул. Льва Толстого, 6-8</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Egor K. Samsonenko – 6th year Student</p><p>Lva Tolstogo str. 6-8, Saint Petersburg 197022</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">e.samsonenko98@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8868-7094</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Аникин</surname><given-names>Н. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Anikin</surname><given-names>N. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Аникин Никита Алексеевич – младший научный сотрудник Центра доклинических и трансляционных исследований</p><p>197341, г. Санкт-Петербург, ул. Аккуратова, 2</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Nikita A. Anikin – Junior Research Officer at the Center for Preclinical and Translational Researches</p><p>Akkuratova str. 2, Saint Petersburg 197341</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">freedomofstyle@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-4"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1082-7872</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Маметов</surname><given-names>М. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Mametov</surname><given-names>M. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Маметов Малик Велибалаевич – студент 5-го курса</p><p>197022, г. Санкт-Петербург, ул. Льва Толстого, 6-8</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Malik V. Mametov – 5th year Student</p><p>Lva Tolstogo str. 6-8, Saint Petersburg 197022</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">m_mametov@inbox.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6263-9393</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Чепурной</surname><given-names>З. И.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Chepurnoy</surname><given-names>Z. I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Чепурной Захар Ильич – студент 5-го курса,</p><p>197022, г. Санкт-Петербург, ул. Льва Толстого, 6-8</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Zakhar I. Chepurnoy – 5th year Student</p><p>Lva Tolstogo str. 6-8, Saint Petersburg 197022</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">zakhar96psk@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8868-7094</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Воронин</surname><given-names>С. Е.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Voronin</surname><given-names>S. E.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Воронин Степан Евгеньевич – ветеринарный врач Центра доклинических и трансляционных исследований</p><p>197341, г. Санкт-Петербург, ул. Аккуратова, 2</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Stepan E. Voronin – Veterinarian Surgeon at the Center for Preclinical and Translational Researches</p><p>Akkuratova str. 2, Saint Petersburg 197341</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">stepan.voronin1988@list.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-4"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1147-3156</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Герко</surname><given-names>М. Д.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Gerko</surname><given-names>M. D.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Герко Марина Дмитриевна – врач-рентгенолог отделения рентгеновской компьютерной томографии</p><p>197022, г. Санкт-Петербург, ул. Льва Толстого, 6-8</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Marina D. Gerko – Radiologist at the Department of X-ray Computed Tomography</p><p>Lva Tolstogo str. 6-8, Saint Petersburg 197022</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">gerko.md@ya.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9273-6864</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ивкин</surname><given-names>Д. Ю.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Ivkin</surname><given-names>D. Yu.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Ивкин Дмитрий Юрьевич – кандидат медицинских наук, доцент, директор Центра экспериментальной фармакологии</p><p>197376, г. Санкт-Петербург, ул. Профессора Попова, 14а</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Dmitry Yu. Ivkin – Cand. Sc. (Med.), Docent, Director of the Center of Experimental Pharmacology</p><p>Professora Popova str. 14, Saint Petersburg 197376</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">dmitry.ivkin@pharminnotech.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-5"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0114-5896</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Карпов</surname><given-names>А. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Karpov</surname><given-names>A. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Карпов Андрей Александрович – кандидат медицинских наук, доцент, заведующий научно-исследовательской лабораторией Центра доклинических и трансляционных исследований; старший научный сотрудник</p><p>197341, г. Санкт-Петербург, ул. Аккуратова, 2</p><p>197376, г. Санкт-Петербург, ул. Профессора Попова, 14а</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Andrey A. Karpov – Cand. Sc. (Med.), Docent, Head of the Scientific Laboratory, Center for Preclinical and Translational Researches</p><p>Akkuratova str. 2, Saint Petersburg 197341</p><p>Professora Popova str. 14, Saint Petersburg 197376</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">karpov_aa@almazovcentre.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-6"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБУ «Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр имени В.А. Алмазова» Минздрава России; ФГБОУ ВО «Первый Санкт-Петербургский государственный медицинский университет им. акад. И.П. Павлова» Минздрава России</institution></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Almazov National Medical Research Centre; Pavlov First Saint Petersburg State Medical University</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБОУ ВО «Первый Санкт-Петербургский государственный медицинский университет им. акад. И.П. Павлова» Минздрава России; ФГБУ «Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр травматологии и ортопедии имени Р.Р. Вредена» Минздрава России</institution></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Pavlov First Saint Petersburg State Medical University; Vreden National Medical Center for Traumatology and Orthopedics</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-3"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБОУ ВО «Первый Санкт-Петербургский государственный медицинский университет им. акад. И.П. Павлова» Минздрава России</institution></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Pavlov First Saint Petersburg State Medical University</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-4"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБУ «Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр имени В.А. Алмазова» Минздрава России</institution></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Almazov National Medical Research Centre</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-5"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБОУ ВО «Санкт-Петербургский государственный химико-фармацевтический университет» Минздрава России</institution></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Saint Petersburg State Chemical Pharmaceutical University</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-6"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБУ «Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр имени В.А. Алмазова» Минздрава России; ФГБОУ ВО «Санкт-Петербургский государственный химико-фармацевтический университет» Минздрава России</institution></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Almazov National Medical Research Centre; Saint Petersburg State Chemical Pharmaceutical University</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2022</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>11</day><month>12</month><year>2022</year></pub-date><volume>7</volume><issue>5-2</issue><fpage>268</fpage><lpage>279</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Смирнов С.С., Щепкина Е.А., Шиленко Л.А., Самсоненко Е.К., Аникин Н.А., Маметов М.В., Чепурной З.И., Воронин С.Е., Герко М.Д., Ивкин Д.Ю., Карпов А.А., 2022</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2022</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Смирнов С.С., Щепкина Е.А., Шиленко Л.А., Самсоненко Е.К., Аникин Н.А., Маметов М.В., Чепурной З.И., Воронин С.Е., Герко М.Д., Ивкин Д.Ю., Карпов А.А.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Smirnov S.S., Shchepkina E.A., Shilenko L.A., Samsonenko E.K., Anikin N.A., Mametov M.V., Chepurnoy Z.I., Voronin S.E., Gerko M.D., Ivkin D.Y., Karpov A.A.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.actabiomedica.ru/jour/article/view/3848">https://www.actabiomedica.ru/jour/article/view/3848</self-uri><abstract><p>Обоснование. Образование ложного сустава – одно из наиболее тяжёлых осложнений переломов костей, которое возникает в результате нарушения консолидации перелома, характеризуется неблагоприятным прогнозом, требует длительного лечения и повторных операций. Небольшое количество репрезентативных моделей ложного сустава затрудняют проведение доклинических исследований перспективных фармакологических субстанций, остеозамещающих материалов и хирургических методов лечения.Цель исследования. Разработка и валидация экспериментальной модели нормотрофического ложного сустава большеберцовой кости кролика путём создания диастаза между фрагментами, нарушения местной васкуляризации и применения нестабильной фиксации.Методы. Исследование проводилось на кроликах породы Советская шиншилла. Животные были разделены на две группы: экспериментальная – формирование ложного сустава большеберцовой кости; контрольная – выполнение простого поперечного перелома большеберцовой кости. Ложный сустав формировался путём сегментарной резекции (5 мм) средней трети большеберцовой кости, разведения костных отломков на 5 мм, удаления надкостницы и костного мозга на протяжении 5 мм с последующей ежедневной дестабилизацией перелома в аппарате внешней фиксации. Длительность эксперимента составила 6 недель. Рентгенография области перелома выполнялась еженедельно, мультиспиральная компьютерная томография (МСКТ) и гистологические исследования проводились в конце эксперимента.Результаты. Выживаемость в эксперименте составила 100 %. По данным еженедельной рентгенографии, консолидация перелома наблюдалась только в контрольной группе и происходила в среднем на 22,8 ± 5,1 сутки, в то время как образование ложного сустава наблюдалось только в опытной группе, и рентгенологические признаки ложного сустава отмечены в среднем на 33,6 ± 3,5 сутки. Формирование ложного сустава к концу эксперимента подтверждено данными МСКТ и гистологическими исследованиями.Выводы. Разработанная модель нормотрофического ложного сустава большеберцовой кости кролика может быть использована для тестирования в эксперименте различных факторов стимуляции репаративной регенерации и способов лечения ложного сустава.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Background. The formation of a pseudarthrosis is one of the most severe complications of bone fractures. Pseudarthrosis occurs as a result of a disorder in the fracture union, has a poor prognosis and requires long-term treatment and repeated surgeries. A small number of representative pseudarthrosis models makes it difficult to conduct preclinical studies of promising pharmacological substances, bone replacement materials and surgical methods of treatment.The aim. To develop and to validate an experimental model of normotrophic pseudarthrosis of a rabbit’s tibia by creating diastasis between bone fragments, forming local vascularization disturbance and using unstable fixation.Materials and methods. The study was carried out on Soviet Chinchilla rabbits. The animals were divided into 2 groups: in experimental group, we formed tibial pseudarthrosis; in control group, we made a simple transverse tibial fracture. The pseudarthrosis was formed by segmental resection (5 mm) of the middle third of the tibia, bone fragments dilatation for 5 mm, removal of periosteum and bone marrow within 5 mm followed by daily destabilization of a fracture in an external fixation device. The duration of the experiment was 6 weeks. X-ray examination of the fracture area was carried out weekly, multi-layer spiral computed tomography (MSCT) and histological examinations were carried out at the end of the experiment.Results. The survival value in the experiment was 100 %. According to weekly X-ray examination, fracture union was registered only in the control group and occurred on average on the 22,8 ± 5,1 day, while the formation of pseudarthrosis was observed only in the experimental group, and radiographic signs of a pseudarthrosis were noted on average on the 33,6 ± 3,5 day. The formation of a pseudarthrosis by the end of the experiment was confirmed by MSCT and histological studies.Conclusions. The developed model of the normotrophic pseudarthrosis of a rabbit’s tibia can be used for experimental tests of various factors for stimulating reparative regeneration and methods for treatment of the pseudarthrosis.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>экспериментальная модель</kwd><kwd>ложный сустав</kwd><kwd>кролики</kwd><kwd>перелом</kwd><kwd>большеберцовая кость</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>experimental model</kwd><kwd>pseudarthrosis</kwd><kwd>rabbits</kwd><kwd>fracture</kwd><kwd>tibia</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Исследование выполнено при финансовой поддержке государственного задания № 122041800020-2.</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Kurklu M, Yurttas Y, Kose O, Demiralp B, Yuksel HY, Komurcu M. 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