actabiomedicaActa Biomedica ScientificaActa Biomedica Scientifica2541-94202587-9596Scientific Centre for Family Health and Human Reproduction Problems10.29413/ABS.2022-7.5-2.19actabiomedica-3839Research ArticleСТОМАТОЛОГИЯSTOMATOLOGYМодифицируемые факторы риска развития и прогрессирования заболеваний тканей пародонтаModifiable risk factors for the development and progression of periodontal tissue diseaseshttps://orcid.org/0000-0001-8055-6233СабироваА. И.SabirovaA. I.

Сабирова Азиза Ибрагимовна – кандидат медицинских наук, доцент кафедры хирургической стоматологии

720065, г. Бишкек, ул. Киевская,

Aziza I. Sabirova – Cand. Sc. (Med.), Associate Professor at the Department of Surgical Dentistry

Kievskaya str. 44, Bishkek 720065

azizasabirova@bk.ruГОУ ВПО Кыргызско-Российский Славянский университет имени первого Президента Российской Федерации Б.Н. ЕльцинаKyrgyz-Russian Slavic University named after the first President of the Russian Federation B.N. Yeltsin20221012202275-2182192Copyright © Сабирова А.И., 20222022Сабирова А.И.Sabirova A.I.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://www.actabiomedica.ru/jour/article/view/3839

В данном обзоре был проведён анализ модифицируемых факторов риска развития и прогрессирования заболеваний тканей пародонта. В обзоре освещены данные взаимосвязи пародонтогенной инфекции, табакокурения, сахарного диабета, сердечно-сосудистых заболеваний, лекарственно-индуцированного повреждения тканей пародонта, стресса и ожирения с риском развития и прогрессирования заболеваний тканей пародонта. Довольно подробно проведён анализ механизмов патогенного влияния микрофлоры полости рта, в том числе и в поддесневом налёте. Описаны механизмы патологического влияния табакокурения на состояние тканей пародонта. Представлены данные влияния пародонтологического лечения на гликемический контроль у пациентов с сахарным диабетом. В статье подчёркивается важность наличия заболеваний пародонта как фактора риска сердечнососудистых и цереброваскулярных заболеваний, описываются механизмы взаимного влияния кардиоваскулярной патологии и воспалительного процесса в пародонте. Кроме того, в статье представлены возможности ятрогенного влияния лекарственных препаратов системного действия на состояние тканей пародонта. Представлены данные влияния стрессовых нагрузок на развитие стоматологических заболеваний. В обзорной статье подробно описаны механизмы влияния избыточной массы тела и ожирения на риски развития и прогрессирования заболеваний тканей пародонта. По результатам представленных в статье данных публикаций научных исследований можно констатировать необходимость в работе не только врача-стоматолога, но и врачей других специальностей по изменению модифицируемых факторов риска развития и прогрессирования заболеваний пародонта.

In this review, an analysis of modifiable risk factors for the development and progression of periodontal tissue diseases was carried out. The review highlights the data on the relationship of periodontal infection, tobacco smoking, diabetes mellitus, cardiovascular disease, drug-induced periodontal tissue damage, stress, and obesity with the risk of developing and progression of periodontal tissue diseases. A rather detailed analysis of the mechanisms of pathogenic influence of the microflora of the oral cavity, including in the subgingival plaque, was carried out. The mechanisms of the pathological effect of smoking on the state of periodontal tissues are described. Data on the effect of periodontal treatment on glycemic control in patients with diabetes mellitus are presented. The article emphasizes the importance of the presence of periodontal diseases as a risk factor for cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases, describes the mechanisms of the mutual influence of cardiovascular pathology and the inflammatory process in the periodontium. In addition, the article presents the possibilities of the iatrogenic effect of systemic drugs on the state of periodontal tissues. The data on the influence of stress loads on the development of dental diseases are presented. The review article describes in detail the mechanisms of influence of overweight and obesity on the risks of development and progression of periodontal tissue diseases. Based on the results of the scientific research publications presented in the article, it can be stated that not only the dentist, but also doctors of other specialties need to work to change the modifiable risk factors for the development and progression of periodontal diseases.

заболевания тканей пародонтамодифицируемые факторы риска заболеваний тканей пародонтапародонтогенные микроорганизмытабакокурениесахарный диабетсердечно-сосудистые заболеваниялекарственно-индуцированное повреждение тканей пародонтастрессожирениеperiodontal tissue diseasesmodifiable risk factors for periodontal diseaseperiodontal microorganismstobacco smokingdiabetes mellituscardiovascular diseasedrug-induced periodontal tissue damagestressobesityReferencesAmerican Academy of Periodontology. American Academy of Periodontology statement on risk assessment. J Periodontol. 2008; 79(2): 202. doi: 10.1902/jop.2008.082001American Academy of Periodontology. American Academy of Periodontology statement on risk assessment. J Periodontol. 2008; 79(2): 202. doi: 10.1902/jop.2008.082001Timmerman MF, van der Weijden GA. Risk factors for periodontitis. Int J Dent Hyg. 2006; 4(1): 2-7. doi: 10.1111/j.1601-5037.2006.00168.xTimmerman MF, van der Weijden GA. Risk factors for periodontitis. 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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.