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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">actabiomedica</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Acta Biomedica Scientifica</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Acta Biomedica Scientifica</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2541-9420</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2587-9596</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Scientific Centre for Family Health and Human Reproduction Problems</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.29413/ABS.2022-7.3.16</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">actabiomedica-3562</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>МИКРОБИОЛОГИЯ И ВИРУСОЛОГИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>MICROBIOLOGY AND VIRUSOLOGY</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Регуляторный эффект полиаминов и индола на экспрессию генов адаптации к стрессу у  Escherichia coli</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Regulatory effect of polyamines and indole on expression of stress adaptation genes in  Escherichia coli</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4457-2652</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Хаова</surname><given-names>Е. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Khaova</surname><given-names>E. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p> аспирант, лаборант лаборатории адаптации микроорганизмов; младший научный сотрудник лаборатории органического синтеза</p><p>614081, г. Пермь, ул. Голева, 13, Россия</p><p>614068, г. Пермь, ул. Букирева, 15, Россия</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p> Postgraduate, Laboratory Assistant at the Laboratory of Microbial Adaptation;Junior Research Officer at the Laboratory of Organic Synthesis</p><p>Goleva str. 13, Perm 614081, Russian Federation </p><p>Bukireva str. 15, Perm 614068, Russian Federation </p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">akkuzina-elena510@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3751-8156</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Кашеварова</surname><given-names>Н. М.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kashevarova</surname><given-names>N. M.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p> младший научный сотрудник лаборатории адаптации микроорганизмов</p><p>614081, г. Пермь, ул. Голева, 13, Россия</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p> Junior Research Officer at the Laboratory of Microbial Adaptation</p><p>Goleva str. 13, Perm 614081, Russian Federation </p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">nkashev@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8631-8583</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ткаченко</surname><given-names>А. Г.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Tkachenko</surname><given-names>A. G.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p> доктор медицинских наук, заведующий лабораторией адаптации микроорганизмов; профессор кафедры микробиологии и иммунологии</p><p>614081, г. Пермь, ул. Голева, 13, Россия</p><p>614068, г. Пермь, ул. Букирева, 15, Россия</p><p> </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p> Dr. Sc. (Med.), Head of the Laboratory of Microbial Adaptation; Professorat the Department of Microbiology and Immunology</p><p> Goleva str. 13, Perm 614081, Russian Federation </p><p> Bukireva str. 15, Perm 614068, Russian Federation </p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">agtkachenko@iegm.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>«Институт экологии и генетики микроорганизмов УрО РАН» – филиал ФГБУН Пермского федерального исследовательского центра УрО РАН;&#13;
ФГАОУ ВО «Пермский государственный национальный исследовательский университет»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Institute of Ecology and Genetics of Microorganisms, Ural Branch Russian Academy of Sciences;&#13;
Perm State National Research University </institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>«Институт экологии и генетики микроорганизмов УрО РАН» – филиал ФГБУН Пермского федерального исследовательского центра УрО РАН</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Institute of Ecology and Genetics of Microorganisms, Ural Branch Russian Academy of Sciences </institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2022</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>05</day><month>07</month><year>2022</year></pub-date><volume>7</volume><issue>3</issue><fpage>150</fpage><lpage>161</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Хаова Е.А., Кашеварова Н.М., Ткаченко А.Г., 2022</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2022</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Хаова Е.А., Кашеварова Н.М., Ткаченко А.Г.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Khaova E.A., Kashevarova N.M., Tkachenko A.G.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.actabiomedica.ru/jour/article/view/3562">https://www.actabiomedica.ru/jour/article/view/3562</self-uri><abstract><p>Индол и полиамины участвуют в регуляции физиологических процессов у бактерий, связанных с адаптацией к стрессам, биоплёнкообразованием, антибиотикоустойчивостью, бактериальной персистенцией, что имеет важное клиническое значение. Однако молекулярные мишени и механизм действия этих метаболитов до сих пор мало изучены. В данной работе исследовано влияние полиаминов и индола на экспрессию таких генов, как: rpoS, relA и spoT, кодирующих регуляторы общего стрессорного ответа и голодания; hns и stpA, кодирующих глобальные регуляторы генной экспрессии; rmf, yqjD, hpf, raiA, rsfS, sra, ettA, кодирующих факторы гибернации рибосом.Цель исследования. Изучить регуляторные эффекты полиаминов и индола на экспрессию перечисленных генов, ответственных за адаптацию Escherichia coli к стрессу.Материалы и методы. В качестве объектов исследования использовали штаммы E. coli. Содержание полиаминов исследовали методом тонкослойной хроматографии. Концентрацию индола определяли методом высокоэффективной жидкостной хроматографии. Генную экспрессию изучали при помощи ПЦР в реальном времени, сопряжённой с обратной транскрипцией.Результаты. Добавка полиаминов путресцина, кадаверина и спермидина в среду стимулировала экспрессию всех исследуемых генов. Для большинства генов наибольшая стимуляция наблюдалась в стационарной фазе роста. Наиболее значительное влияние оказывали путресцин и спермидин. Показана эквимолярная конвертация экзогенного триптофана в индол через 24 ч культивирования. В это время увеличивалась экспрессия двух генов: rmf и raiA.Заключение. Нами показано, что полиамины стимулируют экспрессию всех исследуемых генов на транскрипционном уровне, при этом их стимулирующий эффект специфичен по фазе культивирования и типу полиамина. Индол оказывает положительный эффект на экспрессию генов rmf и raiA, тогда как остальные из исследованных генов не подвержены его регуляторным воздействиям.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Background. Indole and polyamines are involved in the regulation of physiological processes in bacteria associated with adaptation to stress, biofilm formation, antibiotic tolerance, and bacterial persistence. However, the molecular targets and mechanisms of action of these metabolites are still poorly understood. In this work, we studied the effect of polyamines and indole on the expression of such genes as: rpoS, relA, and spoT, encoding regulators of the general stress responses and starvation; hns and stpA, encoding global regulators of gene expression; rmf, yqjD, hpf, raiA, rsfS, sra, ettA, encoding ribosome hibernation factors.The aim. To study the regulatory effects of polyamines and indole on the expression of these genes, which are responsible for the adaptation of Escherichia coli to stress.Materials and methods. We used strains of E. coli in this study. The amount of polyamines was studied by thin layer chromatography. The indole concentration was determined by high performance liquid chromatography. Gene expression was studied using real-time RT-PCR.Results. The addition of polyamines putrescine, cadaverine and spermidine to the medium stimulated the expression of all the studied genes. The maximal stimulation was observed at the stationary phase mostly. Putrescine and spermidine had the most significant effect. At 24 h of cultivation, an equimolar conversion of exogenous tryptophan into indole was showed. At this time, the expression of two genes – rmf and raiA – increased.Conclusions. We have shown that polyamines upregulate the expression of all the studied genes at the transcriptional level. The stimulating effect is specific for the phase of the batch culture and the type of polyamine. Indole has a positive effect on the expression of the rmf and raiA genes.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>полиамины</kwd><kwd>индол</kwd><kwd>генная экспрессия</kwd><kwd>ПЦР в реальном времени</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>polyamines</kwd><kwd>indole</kwd><kwd>gene expression</kwd><kwd>real-time RT-PCR</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Работа поддержана грантом Российского научного фонда № 18-73-10156.</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Ткаченко А.Г. Молекулярные механизмы стрессорных ответов у микроорганизмов. Екатеринбург, 2012.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Tkachenko AG. Molecular mechanisms of stress responses of microorganisms. Ekaterinburg, 2012. 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