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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">actabiomedica</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Acta Biomedica Scientifica</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Acta Biomedica Scientifica</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2541-9420</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2587-9596</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Scientific Centre for Family Health and Human Reproduction Problems</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.29413/ABS.2021-6.6-1.12</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">actabiomedica-3116</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОФТАЛЬМОЛОГИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>OPHTHALMOLOGY</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Обеспечение эффективности и безопасности периферических блокад.</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Ensuring the effectiveness and safety of peripheral blockades</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1642-5276</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Олещенко</surname><given-names>И. Г.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Oleshchenko</surname><given-names>I. G.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p> кандидат медицинских наук, врач анестезиолог-реаниматолог</p><p>664033, г. Иркутск, ул. Лермонтова, 337, Россия</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Cand. Sc. (Med.), Anesthesiologist</p><p>Lermontova str. 337, Irkutsk 664033, Russian Federation </p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">iga.oleshenko@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Заболотский</surname><given-names>Д. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Zabolotsky</surname><given-names>D. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p> доктор медицинских наук, профессор, заведующий кафедрой анестезиологии, реаниматологии и неотложной педиатрии им. профессора В.И. Гордеева</p><p>194100, г. Санкт-Петербург, ул. Литовская, 2, Россия</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p> Dr. Sc. (Med.), Professor, Head of the Department of Anesthesiology, Resuscitation and Emergency Paediatrics named after Professor V.I. Gordeev</p><p>Litovskaya str. 2, Saint Petersburg 194100, Russian Federation </p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">zdv4330303@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Корячкин</surname><given-names>В. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Koriachkin</surname><given-names>V. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p> доктор медицинских наук, профессор кафедры анестезиологии, реаниматологии и неотложной педиатрии им. профессора В.И. Гордеева</p><p>194100, г. Санкт-Петербург, ул. Литовская, 2, Россия</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p> Dr. Sc. (Med.), Professor at the Department of Anesthesiology, Resuscitation and Emergency Paediatrics named after Professor V.I. Gordeev </p><p>Litovskaya str. 2, Saint Petersburg 194100, Russian Federation </p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">vakoryachkin@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Погорельчук</surname><given-names>В. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Pogorelchuk</surname><given-names>V. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p> кандидат медицинских наук, доцент кафедры анестезиологии, реаниматологии и неотложной педиатрии им. профессора В.И. Гордеева</p><p>194100, г. Санкт-Петербург, ул. Литовская, 2, Россия</p><p> </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p> Cand. Sc. (Med.), Associate Professor at the Department of Anesthesiology, Resuscitation and Emergency Paediatrics named after Professor V.I. Gordeev </p><p>Litovskaya str. 2, Saint Petersburg 194100, Russian Federation </p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">viktor-pogorelchuk@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Иркутский филиал ФГАУ «НМИЦ «МНТК «Микрохирургия глаза» имени академика С.Н. Фёдорова» Минздрава России</institution></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Irkutsk Branch of S.N. Fyodorov Eye Microsurgery Federal State Institution</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБОУ ВО «Санкт-Петербургский государственный педиатрический медицинский университет» Минздрава России</institution></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Saint-Petersburg State Pediatric Medical University </institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2021</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>28</day><month>12</month><year>2021</year></pub-date><volume>6</volume><issue>6-1</issue><fpage>105</fpage><lpage>112</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Олещенко И.Г., Заболотский Д.В., Корячкин В.А., Погорельчук В.В., 2021</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2021</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Олещенко И.Г., Заболотский Д.В., Корячкин В.А., Погорельчук В.В.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Oleshchenko I.G., Zabolotsky D.V., Koriachkin V.A., Pogorelchuk V.V.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.actabiomedica.ru/jour/article/view/3116">https://www.actabiomedica.ru/jour/article/view/3116</self-uri><abstract><p>Обоснование. Адекватная аналгезия во многом определяет успех выполненного хирургического вмешательства. В современной хирургии большинство причин послеоперационных осложнений напрямую связаны с неэффективной терапией болевого синдрома в периоперационном периоде. Основным принципом современного обезболивания является его многокомпонентность, когда аналгезия, нейровегетативная блокада и релаксация достигаются и потенцируются разными препаратами и методами. Блокада ноцицептивной импульсации местным анестетиком на этапе трансмиссии обеспечивает эффективную адресную аналгезию, гипорефлексию и мышечную релаксацию, профилактирует сенситизацию нейроаксиальных структур, гипералгезию и развитие послеоперационного хронического болевогосиндрома. При этом обеспечение анальгезии препаратами центрального действия приводит к неэффективности терапии в 80 % случаев, что имеет серьёзные последствия.Цель исследования. По данным обзора литературы оценить эффективность и безопасность периферических блокад на примере выполнения блокады крылонёбного ганглия.Выводы. Крылонёбная блокада имеет широкие показания к применению в офтальмологии, что объясняется сложным строением крылонёбного ганглия и возможностью одномоментного влияния на симпатическую, парасимпатическую и ноцицептивную иннервацию. Все представленные способы постановки крылонёбной блокады имеют свои преимущества и недостатки. УЗ-навигация нивелирует технические сложности и возможности повреждения анатомических структур крылонёбной ямки, обеспечивая эффективность и безопасность выполнения крылонёбной блокады.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Adequate analgesia determines the success of the performed surgical intervention. In modern surgery, most of postoperative complications are directly related to ineffective therapy of pain syndrome in the perioperative period. The main principle of modern analgesia is its multicomponence, when analgesia, neurovegetative blockade and relaxation are achieved and potentiated by different drugs and methods. The blockade of nociceptive impulses with a local anesthetic at the transmission stage provides effective, targeted analgesia, hyporefl exia and muscle relaxation, prevents the sensitization of neuroaxial structures, hyperalgesia and the development of postoperative chronic pain syndrome. At the same time, providing analgesia with drugs of central action leads to the ineffectiveness of therapy in 80 % of cases, which has serious consequences.The aim. According to the literature review, to evaluate the effectiveness and safety of peripheral blockades on the example of performing a blockade of the pterygopalatine ganglion.Conclusion. The pterygopalatine blockade has broad indications for use in ophthalmology, which is explained by the complex structure of the pterygopalatine ganglion and the possibility of simultaneous infl uence on sympathetic, parasympathetic and nociceptive innervation. All the presented methods of pterygopalatine blockade performance have their advantages and disadvantages. Ultrasound navigation eliminates technical difficulties and the possibility of damage of the pterygopalatine fossa anatomical structures, ensuring the effectiveness and safety of the pterygopalatine blockade.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>крылонёбная блокада</kwd><kwd>офтальмология</kwd><kwd>УЗ-навигация</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>pterygopalatine blockade</kwd><kwd>ophthalmology</kwd><kwd>ultrasound navigation</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Олещенко И.Г., Заболотский Д.В., Юрьева Т.Н., Зайка В.А., Корячкин В.А. Послеоперационное обезболивание при витреоретинальной хирургии у детей. Регионарная анестезия и лечение острой боли. 2020; 14(3): 156-163.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Oleshchenko IG, Zabolotskii DV, Iureva TN, Zaika VA, Koriachkin VA. 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