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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">actabiomedica</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Acta Biomedica Scientifica</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Acta Biomedica Scientifica</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2541-9420</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2587-9596</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Scientific Centre for Family Health and Human Reproduction Problems</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.29413/ABS.2021-6.5.4</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">actabiomedica-3027</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ГЕНЕТИКА, ПРОТЕОМИКА И МЕТАБОЛОМИКА</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>GENETICS, PROTEOMICS AND METABOLOMICS</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Роль полиморфизма гена N-ацетилтрансферазы 2 в патологии человека</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Role of N-acetyltransferase 2 gene polymorphism in the human pathology</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9426-5197</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Перетолчина</surname><given-names>Н. П.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Peretolchina</surname><given-names>N. P.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>младший научный сотрудник НИИ биомедицинских технологий, </p><p>664003, г. Иркутск, ул. Красного Восстания, 1</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Junior Research Officer at the Research Institute of Biomedical Technologies, </p><p>Krasnogo Vosstaniya str. 1, Irkutsk 664003</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">nadine1lenz@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0122-4618</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Малов</surname><given-names>И. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Malov</surname><given-names>I. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>ректор, </p><p>664003, г. Иркутск, ул. Красного Восстания, 1</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Rector,</p><p>Krasnogo Vosstaniya str. 1, Irkutsk 664003</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">igmumalov@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7530-0716</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Семинский</surname><given-names>И. Ж.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Seminskiy</surname><given-names>I. Zh.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>проректор по научной работе, </p><p>664003, г. Иркутск, ул. Красного Восстания, 1</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Vice-Rector for Scientific Work,</p><p>Krasnogo Vosstaniya str. 1, Irkutsk 664003</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">i.seminskiy.2016@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБОУ ВО «Иркутский государственный медицинский университет» Минздрава России</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Irkutsk State Medical University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2021</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>17</day><month>11</month><year>2021</year></pub-date><volume>6</volume><issue>5</issue><fpage>30</fpage><lpage>43</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Перетолчина Н.П., Малов И.В., Семинский И.Ж., 2021</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2021</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Перетолчина Н.П., Малов И.В., Семинский И.Ж.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Peretolchina N.P., Malov I.V., Seminskiy I.Z.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.actabiomedica.ru/jour/article/view/3027">https://www.actabiomedica.ru/jour/article/view/3027</self-uri><abstract><p>Современный человек ежедневно находится под действием чужеродных для организма химических веществ, включая лекарственные препараты, вещества бытовой химии и продукты хозяйственной деятельности человека. Ферменты биотрансформации ксенобиотиков являются факторами защиты от патологического воздействия токсичных метаболитов. Но известен также эффект токсификации, когда биотрансформация и различия в скорости протекания её процессов способствуют накоплению токсинов и канцерогенов, повреждающих клетки организма человека. Одним из основных ферментов второй фазы метаболизма является N-ацетилтрансфераза 2, участвующая в ацетилировании ароматических аминов.</p><p>Ген фермента имеет ряд полиморфизмов, комбинация которых привела к существованию двух гаплотипов, ассоциированных с медленным или быстрым ацетилированием субстрата. Сочетание аллельных вариантов гена приводит к тримодальному распределению популяции на быстрых, медленных и промежуточных ацетиляторов. Известно, что среди больных туберкулёзом, получающих лечение, частота развития побочных эффектов со стороны печени значительно выше у лиц с медленным типом ацетилирования. В последние годы в литературе появились новые данные о роли полиморфизма гена в развитии опухолевых и неинфекционных заболеваний. Сочетание определённого типа ацетилирования, чаще всего медленного, и  высокой ксенобиотической нагрузки является фактором накопления токсических веществ, приводящих к повреждению клеток.</p><p>Таким образом, определение типа ацетилирования перед назначением лекарственных препаратов позволяет использовать более эффективные и безопасные дозы препаратов, что способствует развитию персонализированного направления в фармакотерапии, а также выявить группы риска среди населения с целью профилактики и раннего выявления заболеваний. </p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Nowadays multiple heterogeneous chemicals affect the human body. They include drugs, household chemicals, dyes, food supplements and others. The human organism can modify, inactivate, and eliminate the chemicals by biotransformation enzymes. But it is well known that biotransformation can lead to toxification phenomenon. Individuals differ from each other by the rate of chemical modification that promotes accumulation of toxins and carcinogens in some patients. An N-acetyltransferase 2 enzyme participates in the aromatic amines second phase metabolism. This work reviews the acetyltransferase gene polymorphism possible role in diseases development including drug-induced organs damage.</p><p>Gene of acetyltransferase has polymorphisms associated with two haplotypes of  fast and slow substrate acetylation. Gene alleles combine in three genotypes: fast, intermediate, and slow acetylators. Acetylation rate plays a significant role in side effects development during tuberculosis treatment and cancer pathogenesis. Recently, new data described the role of enzyme in development of non-infectious diseases in the human. Scientists consider that slow acetylation genotype in combination with high xenobiotic load result in accumulation of toxic substances able to damage cells.</p><p>Therefore, acetyltransferase genotyping helps to reveal risk groups of cancer and non-infectious disease development and to prescribe more effective and safe doses of drugs. </p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>полиморфизм гена NAT2</kwd><kwd>биотрансформация ксенобиотиков</kwd><kwd>ацетилирование</kwd><kwd>N-ацетилтрансфераза</kwd><kwd>болезни человека</kwd><kwd>токсификация</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>NAT2 gene polymorphism</kwd><kwd>xenobiotics biotransformation</kwd><kwd>acetylation</kwd><kwd>N-acetyltransferase</kwd><kwd>human diseases</kwd><kwd>toxification</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Рембовский В.Р., Могиленкова Л.А. 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(In Russ.).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref></ref-list><fn-group><fn fn-type="conflict"><p>The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.</p></fn></fn-group></back></article>
